（二）Struts2 核心知识
所有的学习我们必须先搭建好Struts2的环境（1、导入对应的jar包，2、web.xml，3、struts.xml）
第一节：Struts2 get/set 自动获取/设置数据
action代码：
1 package com.wishwzp.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action; public class HelloWorldAction implements Action{ private String name; public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了Action的默认方法");
return SUCCESS;
} }
struts.xml配置：
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default">
<action name="hello" class="com.wishwzp.action.HelloWorldAction">
<result name="success">helloWorld.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> </struts>
helloWorld.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
${name }你好！
</body>
</html>
url访问：http://localhost:8080/Struts2Chap02/hello?name=Struts2（会自动设置数据，输出出来）
第二节：ActionSupport 类引入
extends ActionSupport
以后我们都使用ActionSupport了，不再去implements Action了
HelloWorldAction2.java
1 package com.wishwzp.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class HelloWorldAction2 extends ActionSupport{ /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name; public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了HelloWorldAction2 Action的默认方法");
return SUCCESS;
} }
struts.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default">
<action name="hello" class="com.wishwzp.action.HelloWorldAction2">
<result name="success">helloWorld.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> </struts>
index.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="hello" method="post">
name：<input type="text" name="name"/><input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
第三节：Action 设置数据
第一种方式：属性驱动(FieldDriven) A、基本数据类型属性 B、JavaBean 类型属性
第二种方式：模型驱动(ModelDriven)
A、基本数据类型属性
基本数据类型属性，我们在"第一节：Struts2 get/set 自动获取/设置数据"中已经涉及过了，就这是基本数据类型属性的学习。
B、JavaBean 类型属性
User.java
1 package com.wishwzp.model; public class User { private String userName;
private String password; public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
UserService.java
1 package com.wishwzp.service; import com.wishwzp.model.User; public class UserService { public boolean login(User user){
if("java".equals(user.getUserName())&&"123".equals(user.getPassword())){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
}
UserAction.java
1 package com.wishwzp.action; import com.wishwzp.model.User;
import com.wishwzp.service.UserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{ /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private UserService userService=new UserService(); private String userName;
private String password; public String getUserName() {
return userName;
} public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
} public String getPassword() {
return password;
} public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了UserAction的默认方法");
User user=new User();
user.setUserName(userName);
user.setPassword(password);
if(userService.login(user)){
return SUCCESS;
}else{
return ERROR;
}
} }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default">
<action name="user" class="com.wishwzp.action.UserAction">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
login.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="user" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="userName"/>
密码：<input type="text" name="password"/>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功！
</body>
</html>
error.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录失败！
</body>
</html>
我们还可以在进行优化一下：
login2.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="user2" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="user.userName"/>
密码：<input type="text" name="user.password"/>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
UserAction2.java
1 package com.wishwzp.action; import com.wishwzp.model.User;
import com.wishwzp.service.UserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class UserAction2 extends ActionSupport{ /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private UserService userService=new UserService(); private User user; public User getUser() {
return user;
} public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了UserAction的默认方法");
if(userService.login(user)){
return SUCCESS;
}else{
return ERROR;
}
} }
User.java
1 package com.wishwzp.model; public class User { private String userName;
private String password; public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
UserService.java
1 package com.wishwzp.service; import com.wishwzp.model.User; public class UserService { public boolean login(User user){
if("java".equals(user.getUserName())&&"123".equals(user.getPassword())){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default"> <action name="user2" class="com.wishwzp.action.UserAction2">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
error.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录失败！
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功！
</body>
</html>
模型驱动(ModelDriven)
login3.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="user3" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="userName"/>
密码：<input type="text" name="password"/>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
error.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录失败！
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功！
</body>
</html>
package com.wishwzp.action; import com.wishwzp.model.User;
import com.wishwzp.service.UserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven; public class UserAction3 extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{ /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private UserService userService=new UserService(); private User user=new User(); @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了UserAction3的默认方法");
if(userService.login(user)){
return SUCCESS;
}else{
return ERROR;
}
} @Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user;
} }
package com.wishwzp.model;
public class User {
private String userName;
private String password;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
package com.wishwzp.service;
import com.wishwzp.model.User;
public class UserService {
public boolean login(User user){
if("java".equals(user.getUserName())&&"123".equals(user.getPassword())){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default"> <action name="user3" class="com.wishwzp.action.UserAction3">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
第四节：Struts2 处理传入多个值
1，处理数目不定的字符串；
2，处理数目不定的JavaBean 对象；
1，处理数目不定的字符串:
hobby.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="hobby" method="post">
爱好：
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="唱歌"/>唱歌
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="跳舞"/>跳舞
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="睡觉"/>睡觉
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="玩CF"/>玩CF
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default">
<action name="hobby" class="com.wishwzp.action.HobbyAction">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action> </struts>
struts.xml
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;
public class HobbyAction implements Action{
private String[] hobby;
public String[] getHobby() {
return hobby;
}
public void setHobby(String[] hobby) {
this.hobby = hobby;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了Action的默认方法");
if(hobby!=null){
for(String h:hobby){
System.out.println(h);
}
}
return SUCCESS;
}
}
HobbyAction.java
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
2，处理数目不定的JavaBean 对象:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="student" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>年龄</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="text" name="students[0].name"/></td>
<td><input type="text" name="students[0].sex"/></td>
<td><input type="text" name="students[0].age"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="text" name="students[1].name"/></td>
<td><input type="text" name="students[1].sex"/></td>
<td><input type="text" name="students[1].age"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
addstudents.jsp
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="helloWorld" extends="struts-default"> <action name="student" class="com.wishwzp.action.StudentAction">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> </struts>
struts.xml
package com.wishwzp.action; import java.util.List; import com.wishwzp.model.Student;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action; public class StudentAction implements Action{ private List<Student> students; public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
} public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了Action的默认方法");
for(Student s:students){
System.out.println(s);
}
return SUCCESS;
} }
StudentAction.java
package com.wishwzp.model;
public class Student {
private String name;
private String sex;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
Student.java
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
第五节：struts.xml 配置
一，pageckage 配置
name 包名（用来区分模块化的）
extends 继承
namespace 包命名空间（包命名空间命名后必须在前面加上命名，如下面访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/Struts2Chap02_03/fore/studentList
或http://localhost:8080/Struts2Chap02_03/back/studentList）
abstract 抽象包
二，action 配置
name action 名
class 处理类
method 方法（区分执行哪个方法的，默认情况下的话是execute()-----------像下面的例子中
<package name="background" namespace="/back" extends="struts-default">
<action name="studentList" class="com.wishwzp.action.BackStudent" method="show">
<result name="success">${pageContext.request.contextPath}/success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
这里我们执行的方法就是show()方法了
）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="foreground" namespace="/fore" extends="struts-default">
<action name="studentList" class="com.wishwzp.action.ForeStudent">
<result name="success">${pageContext.request.contextPath}/success.jsp</result>
</action> </package> <package name="background" namespace="/back" extends="struts-default">
<action name="studentList" class="com.wishwzp.action.BackStudent" method="show">
<result name="success">${pageContext.request.contextPath}/success.jsp</result>
</action> </package> <!-- abstract抽象包，用来过滤一些关键字的 -->
<package name="infoFilter" abstract="true"></package> </struts>
struts.xml
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class BackStudent extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了BackStudent Action的默认方法");
return SUCCESS;
}
public String show()throws Exception{
System.out.println("执行了 BackStudent show方法");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
BackStudent.java
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class ForeStudent extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了ForeStudent Action的默认方法");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
ForeStudent.java
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
三，分模块配置方法
<include file="" ></include>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <include file="cheliang.xml"></include>
<include file="zichan.xml"></include> </struts>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="cheliang" namespace="/cheliang" extends="struts-default">
<action name="cheliang" class="com.wishwzp.action.CheLiangAction">
<result name="success">${pageContext.request.contextPath}/success.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
cheliang.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="zichan" namespace="/zichan" extends="struts-default">
<action name="zichan" class="com.wishwzp.action.ZiChanAction">
<result name="success">${pageContext.request.contextPath}/success.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
zichan.xml
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class CheLiangAction extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了CheLiangAction Action的默认方法");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
CheLiangAction.java
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class ZiChanAction extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("执行了ZiChanAction Action的默认方法");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
ZiChanAction.java
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
四，使用通配符
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class GradeAction extends ActionSupport{
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String list()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级查找");
name="班级查找";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String add()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级添加");
name="班级添加";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String update()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级修改");
name="班级修改";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级删除");
name="班级删除";
return SUCCESS;
}
}
GradeAction.java
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class StudentAction extends ActionSupport{
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String list()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生查找");
name="学生查找";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String add()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生添加");
name="学生添加";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String update()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生修改");
name="学生修改";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生删除");
name="学生删除";
return SUCCESS;
}
}
StudentAction.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <package name="manage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <!-- 这里我们使用的单个去匹配 -->
<!-- <action name="student_*" class="com.wishwzp.action.StudentAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action> <action name="grade_*" class="com.wishwzp.action.GradeAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action> --> <!-- 这里我们使用两个*号来匹配 -->
<action name="*_*" class="com.wishwzp.action.{1}Action" method="{2}">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>通配符</h1>
<a href="Student_list" target="_blank">学生信息查询</a>
<a href="Student_add" target="_blank">学生信息添加</a>
<a href="Student_update" target="_blank">学生信息修改</a>
<a href="Student_delete" target="_blank">学生信息删除</a>
<br/><br/>
<a href="Grade_list" target="_blank">班级信息查询</a>
<a href="Grade_add" target="_blank">班级信息添加</a>
<a href="Grade_update" target="_blank">班级信息修改</a>
<a href="Grade_delete" target="_blank">班级信息删除</a> <br/>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!${name }
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
第六节：动态方法调用
在struts.xml中
开启动态方法调用：<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <package name="manage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="student" class="com.wishwzp.action.StudentAction">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action> <action name="grade" class="com.wishwzp.action.GradeAction">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action> </package> </struts>
struts.xml
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class GradeAction extends ActionSupport{
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String list()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级查找");
name="班级查找";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String add()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级添加");
name="班级添加";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String update()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级修改");
name="班级修改";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete()throws Exception{
System.out.println("班级删除");
name="班级删除";
return SUCCESS;
}
}
GradeAction.java
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class StudentAction extends ActionSupport{
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String list()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生查找");
name="学生查找";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String add()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生添加");
name="学生添加";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String update()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生修改");
name="学生修改";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete()throws Exception{
System.out.println("学生删除");
name="学生删除";
return SUCCESS;
}
}
StudentAction.java
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>动态方法调用</h1>
<a href="student!list" target="_blank">学生信息查询</a>
<a href="student!add" target="_blank">学生信息添加</a>
<a href="student!update" target="_blank">学生信息修改</a>
<a href="student!delete" target="_blank">学生信息删除</a>
<br/><br/>
<a href="grade!list" target="_blank">班级信息查询</a>
<a href="grade!add" target="_blank">班级信息添加</a>
<a href="grade!update" target="_blank">班级信息修改</a>
<a href="grade!delete" target="_blank">班级信息删除</a> <br/>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!${name }
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
第七节：Action 生命周期
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="manage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="hello" class="com.wishwzp.action.HelloAction">
<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> </struts>
package com.wishwzp.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public HelloAction() {
System.out.println(this);
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return SUCCESS;
}
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Ok!
</body>
</html>
url地址：http://localhost:8080/项目名/hello
我们首先去寻找struts.xml里面的action等于hello的，然后看是哪个class类，进入对应的class类，默认情况下会先执行对应的构造方法，然后去执行execute()的方法，在execute()方法中最后返回SUCCESS，
再去struts.xml文件找对应的result的SUCCESS，最后跳转到对应的页面中去。
第八节：result 配置
1，type 默认是dispatcher 内部转发；
2，type 为redirect 重定向；
3，type 为chain 链条；
4，type 为redirectAction 重定向到action；
上面4 个常用，一定要掌握；
其他 freemarker freemarker 模版
httpheader 返回一个已配置好的HTTP 头信息响应
stream 将原始数据作为流传递回浏览器端，
velocity 呈现Velocity 模板
xslt 该XML 可以通过XSL 模板进行转换
plaintext 返回普通文本类容
result 全局配置
index.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="hello?name=Struts2" target="_blank">默认转发_dispatcher</a><br/><!-- 会带数据 -->
<a href="hello!r?name=Struts2" target="_blank">重定向_redirect</a><br/><!-- 不会带数据 --><!-- 这里有一个“!”是使用了动态方法调用 -->
<a href="hello!c?name=Struts2" target="_blank">链条_chain</a><br/><!-- 会到另一个action，同时会将之前的数据也带过来 -->
<a href="hello!ra?name=Struts2" target="_blank">重定向到Action_redirectAction</a><br/><!-- 会到另一个action，但不会将之前的数据带过来 --> <a href="hello" target="_blank">全局result配置</a><br/><!-- 没有的话就在全局定义一个错误的输出跳转 -->
</body>
</html>
struts.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /><!-- 动态方法调用 --> <package name="manage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<global-results>
<result name="error">error.jsp</result><!-- 全局错误信息 -->
</global-results> <action name="hello" class="com.wishwzp.action.HelloAction">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">success.jsp</result>
<result name="r" type="redirect">success.jsp</result>
<result name="c" type="chain">hello2</result>
<result name="ra" type="redirectAction">hello2</result>
</action> <action name="hello2" class="com.wishwzp.action.HelloAction2">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> </struts>
HelloAction.java
1 package com.wishwzp.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport{ /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String name;
private String error; public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getError() {
return error;
} public void setError(String error) {
this.error = error;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
if(name==null || "".equals(name)){
this.error="name是空";
return ERROR;
}
return SUCCESS;
} public String r()throws Exception{
return "r";
} public String c()throws Exception{
return "c";
} public String ra()throws Exception{
return "ra";
} }
HelloAction2.java
1 package com.wishwzp.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class HelloAction2 extends ActionSupport{ /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String name2; public String getName2() {
return name2;
} public void setName2(String name2) {
this.name2 = name2;
} @Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
this.name2="你好啊";
return SUCCESS;
} }
error.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
错误信息：${error }
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Name:${name }<br/>
Name2:${name2 }
</body>
</html>
（二）Struts2 核心知识的更多相关文章
- struts2学习(2)struts2核心知识
一.Struts2 get/set 自动获取/设置数据 根据上一章.中的源码继续. HelloWorldAction.java中private String name,自动获取/设置name: pac ...
- struts2学习(3)struts2核心知识II
一.struts.xml配置: 1.分模块配置方法: 比如某个系统多个模块,我们把资产管理模块和车辆管理模块,分开,在总的struts.xml配置文件中include他们: 工程结构: struts. ...
- struts2学习(4)struts2核心知识III
一.result配置: result - name 就是前面返回的值,success,error等. type: dispatcher. 默认是这个,底层是jsp的forward: redirect: ...
- c++11-17 模板核心知识（十二）—— 模板的模板参数 Template Template Parameters
概念 举例 模板的模板参数的参数匹配 Template Template Argument Matching 解决办法一 解决办法二 概念 一个模板的参数是模板类型. 举例 在c++11-17 模板核 ...
- Docker 与 K8S学习笔记（二）—— 容器核心知识梳理
本篇主要对容器相关核心知识进行梳理,通过本篇的学习,我们可以对容器相关的概念有一个全面的了解,这样有利于后面的学习. 一.什么是容器? 容器是一种轻量级.可移植.自包含的软件打包技术,使应用程序可以在 ...
- Struts2入门1 Struts2基础知识
Struts2入门1 Struts2基础知识 20131130 代码下载: 链接: http://pan.baidu.com/s/11mYG1 密码: aua5 前言: 之前学习了Spring和Hib ...
- 《Maven实战》关联实际工作的核心知识
通读了<Maven实战>这本书,由于在实际的工作中,对其有一定的操作上的经验.因此,再回头去通读这本书,就能够更加精准的把握里面的核心知识了. 以下我主要从两点去介绍之—— 1> m ...
- Linux（1）- 服务器核心知识、Linux入门、VMware与centeos安装、远程连接linux、linux基本命令使用
一.服务器核心知识 1.电脑和电脑的硬件组成 现在的人们几乎无时无刻不在使用着电脑!不管是桌上型电脑(桌机).笔记型电脑(笔电).平板电脑,还是智慧型手机等等,这些东西都算是电脑.虽然接触这么多,但是 ...
- HTML中DOM核心知识有哪些（带实例超详解）
HTML中DOM核心知识有哪些(带实例超详解) 一.总结: 1.先取html元素,然后再对他进行操作,取的话可以getElementById等 2.操作的话,可以是innerHtml,value等等 ...
随机推荐
- JavaScript高级程序设计38.pdf
比较DOM范围 在有多个范围的情况下,可以使用compareBoundaryPoints()方法来确认这些范围是否有公共的边界,接收两个参数:表示比较方式的常量值和要比较的范围 常量如下 Range. ...
- C语言中的宏
写好C语言,漂亮的宏定义很重要,使用宏定义可以防止出错,提高可移植性,可读性,方便性 等等.下面列举一些成熟软件中常用得宏定义...... 1,防止一个头文件被重复包含 #ifndef COMDEF_ ...
- Python运行机制
闲来无事,简单画了一下Python的运行机制,纯属娱乐:
- windows下mysql 控制台操作
windows mysql 控制台操作 1.首先打开cmd进入dos窗口 2.切换至目录: F: cd PHPnow-1.5.6\MySQL-5.0.90\bin 3.进入mysql: mysql - ...
- InetAddress Example program in Java
The InetAddress class has no visible constructors. To create an InetAddress object, you have to use ...
- hdoj 4006 The kth great number【优先队列】
The kth great number Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65768/65768 K (Java/Oth ...
- MVC-控制器向View传值的三种方法
1.提供视图模型对象 你能把一个对象作为View方法的参数传递给视图. public ViewResult Index() { DateTime date = DateTime.Now; return ...
- myeclipes使用过程中的错误解决方案
1.‘Building workspace’ has encountered a problem. Errors occurred during the build. 解决方案:这样的错误,主要是由于 ...
- 关于Parse库的配置问题
在使用Parse的一些相关服务时候,需要下载Parse的SDK,除了需要添加相应的系统框架和库的支持 AudioToolbox.framework CFNetwork.framework CoreGr ...
- Servlet中文乱码解决方法
程序中的输入输出都是以流的形式保存的,流中保存的实际上全都是字节文件. 字节流和字符流的区别: 在Java.io包中操作文件内容的主要有两大类:字节流.字符流,两类都分为输入和输出操作. 在字节流中输 ...