linux(Ubuntu22.04)二进制安装mysql及redis

安装MySQL

1.下载mysql安装包

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

解压压缩包 tar xf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar

再次解压需要的压缩包tar xf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz

将解压的压缩包移动到/usr/local目录下

2.创建数据存放目录

cd /usr/local/mysql

mkdir -p date

3.创建用户组和用户

groupadd mysql

useradd g mysql mysql

4.修改目录权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

5.初始化mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

命令执行后会输出密码。将密码复制下后

6.修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
max_connections = 300

port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1000M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#lower_case_table_names=1
#如果要设置lower_case_table_names可以在初始化里面设置 ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

7.设置mysql开机自启动

vim /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE=5000
Restart=always
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable --now mysql

8.创建软连接用于连接数据库

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

在ubuntu中登录数据库是为报错libncurses.so.5确实需要安装

apt install -y libncurses.so5

9.修改mysql登录密码

mysql -u root -p

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '自己的密码';

10 设置mysql远程登录

use mysql;
update user set host='%' where user='root' limit 1;
flush privileges;

安装redis

1.下载安装包

https://download.redis.io/releases/

2.解压压缩包

3.移动至/usr/local/redis

4.编译安装

make && make install

5.redis 启动

切换至redis根目录，创建bin和etc文件，将redis.conf文件移动到/usr/local/redis/etc/目录，将mkreleasehdr.sh redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-check-rdb redis-cli redis-server 文件移动到/usr/local/redis/bin/目录。

6.设置redis后台启动

vim redis.conf

将daemonize no 改为yes

7.允许远程访问

找到bind 127.0.0.1 注释掉

8.启动redis

./redis-server

9.设置开机自启动

cat /etc/systemd/system/redis.service
[Unit]
Description=redis-server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
# 这行配置内容要根据redis的安装目录自定义路径
ExecStart=/usr/local/redis-6.0.5/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis-6.0.5/redis.conf
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now redis

附带自动化安装redis脚本

#!/bin/bash
#author: Turbo
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# Script Name: download_redis.sh
# Description: A script to install and uninstall Redis.
# Author: Turbo
# Version: 1.0
# Created: 2024-12-21
# Last Updated: 2025-02-17
# License: MIT License
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2023 Turbo
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# Contact:
# - GitHub: https://gitee.com/lian-haoxiong/
# -------------------------------------------------------------------

# 定义颜色常量
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

# 添加带日志信息的分割线函数
print_log_separator() {
  local message="$1"
  local level="$2"
  local color="$NC"
  local line_length=60
  local message_length=${#message}
  local padding_length=$(( (line_length - message_length - 4) / 2 ))
  local padding=$(printf '%*s' "$padding_length" | tr ' ' '=')

  case "$level" in
    info)
      color="$GREEN"
      ;;
    warning)
      color="$YELLOW"
      ;;
    error)
      color="$RED"
      ;;
    *)
      color="$YELLOW"
      ;;
  esac

  echo -e "${color}${padding} ${message} ${padding}${NC}"
}

show_help() {
  print_log_separator "显示帮助信息" "info"
  echo -e "${GREEN}使用方法: $0 [版本号] [安装目录]${NC}"
  echo -e "${GREEN}示例: $0 6.2.11 /opt${NC}"
  echo -e "${GREEN}如果不提供版本号，默认安装 Redis 6.0.5${NC}"
  echo -e "${GREEN}如果不提供安装目录，默认安装在 /usr/local/${NC}"
  echo -e "${GREEN}卸载 Redis: $0 --uninstall [安装目录]${NC}"
  exit 0
}

uninstall_redis() {
  read -p "请输入安装目录 (默认 /usr/local/): " INSTALL_DIR
  if [ -z "$INSTALL_DIR" ]; then
    INSTALL_DIR="/usr/local/"
  fi

  REDIS_DIR="$INSTALL_DIR/redis-*"

  # 卸载 Redis
  print_log_separator "卸载现有的 Redis 安装..." "warning"
  sudo systemctl stop redis
  sudo systemctl disable redis
  sudo rm -f /etc/systemd/system/redis.service
  sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  sudo userdel -r redis
  sudo rm -rf $REDIS_DIR
  sudo rm -rf $INSTALL_DIR/src/redis-*
  sudo rm -rf $INSTALL_DIR/redis-*.tar.gz

  echo -e "${GREEN}Redis 卸载完成！${NC}"
  exit 0
}

check_existing_redis() {
  if systemctl is-active --quiet redis; then
    print_log_separator "检测到已安装 Redis" "warning"
    echo -e "${YELLOW}检测到已安装 Redis。${NC}"
    read -p "是否要卸载现有的 Redis 安装? (y/n): " UNINSTALL
    if [ "$UNINSTALL" == "y" ]; then
      uninstall_redis
    else
      read -p "是否要修改 Redis 的端口? (y/n): " CHANGE_PORT
      if [ "$CHANGE_PORT" == "y" ]; then
        read -p "请输入新的 Redis 端口 (默认 6379): " NEW_PORT
        if [ -z "$NEW_PORT" ]; then
          NEW_PORT="6379"
        fi
      fi
    fi
  fi
}

get_redis_versions() {
  print_log_separator "正在获取 Redis 官方版本列表..." "info"
  VERSIONS_URL="https://download.redis.io/releases/"
  VERSIONS_PAGE=$(curl -s $VERSIONS_URL)

  # 解析版本列表
  IFS=$'\n' read -rd '' -a versions <<< "$(echo "$VERSIONS_PAGE" | grep -oP 'redis-\K[\d]+\.[\d]+\.[\d]+' | sort -rV)"
  echo "${versions[@]}"
}

select_redis_version() {
  local versions=("$@")
  print_log_separator "展示 Redis 版本列表" "info"
  echo "请选择要安装的 Redis 版本:"
  for i in "${!versions[@]}"; do
    echo "[$i] ${versions[$i]}"
  done

  # 用户选择版本
  read -p "请输入编号 (默认 6.0.5): " choice
  # 检查用户输入是否合法
  if [[ "$choice" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && [ "$choice" -lt "${#versions[@]}" ]; then
    REDIS_VERSION=${versions[$choice]}
  else
    echo "无效的选择或未输入选择，使用默认版本 6.0.5"
    REDIS_VERSION="6.0.5"
  fi
}

install_dependencies() {
  print_log_separator "更新软件包并安装必要的依赖..." "info"
  if [[ "$OS" == "ubuntu" || "$OS" == "debian" ]]; then
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install -y build-essential tcl wget curl
  elif [[ "$OS" == "centos" || "$OS" == "rhel" ]]; then
    sudo yum install -y gcc make tcl wget curl
  else
    echo -e "${RED}不支持的操作系统: $OS${NC}"
    exit 1
  fi
}

download_and_extract_redis() {
  print_log_separator "下载 Redis $REDIS_VERSION..." "info"
  wget "$DOWNLOAD_URL"
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo -e "${RED}下载失败，请检查 Redis 版本号。${NC}"
    exit 1
  fi

  # 解压
  print_log_separator "解压 Redis..." "info"
  sudo tar xf "redis-$REDIS_VERSION.tar.gz"
}

compile_redis() {
  print_log_separator "编译 Redis..." "info"
  cd "redis-$REDIS_VERSION"
  sudo make
  sudo make install
}

configure_redis() {
  print_log_separator "配置 Redis..." "info"
  sudo sed -i 's/protected-mode yes/protected-mode no/' "$REDIS_DIR/redis.conf"
  sudo sed -i 's/bind 127.0.0.1/#bind 127.0.0.1/' "$REDIS_DIR/redis.conf"

  # 修改端口
  if [ -n "$NEW_PORT" ]; then
    print_log_separator "修改 Redis 端口为 $NEW_PORT..." "info"
    sudo sed -i "s/^port 6379/port $NEW_PORT/" "$REDIS_DIR/redis.conf"
  fi
}

create_redis_user_and_dirs() {
  print_log_separator "创建 Redis 用户和数据目录..." "info"
  sudo useradd redis
}

create_redis_service() {
  print_log_separator "创建 Redis Systemd 服务..." "info"
  sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/redis.service > /dev/null <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Redis In-Memory Data Store
After=network.target

[Service]
User=redis
Group=redis
ExecStart=$REDIS_DIR/src/redis-server $REDIS_DIR/redis.conf
ExecStop=$REDIS_DIR/src/redis-cli shutdown
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
}

start_and_enable_redis() {
  print_log_separator "启动并启用 Redis 服务..." "info"
  sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  sudo systemctl start redis
  sudo systemctl enable redis
}

download_and_install_redis() {
  print_log_separator "开始脚本执行" "info"
  # 检查是否需要帮助信息
  if [ "$1" == "--help" ]; then
    show_help
  fi

  # 检查是否需要卸载 Redis
  if [ "$1" == "--uninstall" ]; then
    uninstall_redis
  fi

  # 检查是否已安装 Redis
  check_existing_redis

  # 获取 Redis 版本列表
  versions=($(get_redis_versions))

  # 用户选择版本
  select_redis_version "${versions[@]}"

  # 用户输入安装目录
  read -p "请输入安装目录 (默认 /usr/local/): " INSTALL_DIR
  if [ -z "$INSTALL_DIR" ]; then
    INSTALL_DIR="/usr/local/"
  fi

  REDIS_DIR="$INSTALL_DIR/redis-$REDIS_VERSION"
  DOWNLOAD_URL="http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-$REDIS_VERSION.tar.gz"
  SOURCE_DIR="$INSTALL_DIR/src"

  # 判断系统类型
  if [ -f /etc/os-release ]; then
    . /etc/os-release
    OS=$ID
  else
    echo "无法识别操作系统类型，请手动安装所需依赖。"
    exit 1
  fi

  # 安装必要的依赖
  install_dependencies

  # 创建源代码目录
  sudo mkdir -p "$INSTALL_DIR"
  cd "$INSTALL_DIR"

  # 下载并解压 Redis
  download_and_extract_redis

  # 编译 Redis
  compile_redis

  # 配置 Redis
  configure_redis

  # 创建 Redis 用户和数据目录
  create_redis_user_and_dirs

  # 创建 Systemd 服务
  create_redis_service

  # 启动并启用 Redis 服务
  start_and_enable_redis

  print_log_separator "安装完成" "info"
  echo -e "${GREEN}Redis $REDIS_VERSION 安装完成并启动成功！${NC}"
}

# 调用函数
download_and_install_redis "$@"