Java获取数据库的列名、列数、标题、类型等信息, ResultSetMetaData

import java.sql.*;

public class jdbcTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
        //1、加载驱动
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        //2、用户信息和url
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/school?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true";
        String username = "root";
        String password = "123456";
        //3、连接成功，数据库对象
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);

        //4、执行sql的对象
        Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
        //5、执行sql的对象去执行sql，可能存在结果，查看返回结果
        String sql = "select * from person";
        ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);
        ResultSetMetaData data = resultSet.getMetaData();
        testResultTableValues(data, resultSet);

        while (resultSet.next()){
            System.out.print("id=" + resultSet.getObject("id"));
            System.out.print("\tname=" + resultSet.getObject("name"));
            System.out.println("\tage=" + resultSet.getObject("age"));
        }
        //6、释放连接
        resultSet.close();
        statement.close();
        connection.close();
    }

    static void testResultTableValues(ResultSetMetaData data, ResultSet rs) {
        try {
            while (rs.next()) {
                for (int i = 1; i <= data.getColumnCount(); i++) {
                    //获得所有列的数目及实际列数
                    int columnCount = data.getColumnCount();
                    //获得指定列的列名
                    String columnName = data.getColumnName(i);
                    //获得指定列的列值
                    String columnValue = rs.getString(i);
                    //获得指定列的数据类型
                    int columnType = data.getColumnType(i);
                    //获得指定列的数据类型名
                    String columnTypeName = data.getColumnTypeName(i);
                    //所在的Catalog名字
                    String catalogName = data.getCatalogName(i);
                    //对应数据类型的类
                    String columnClassName = data.getColumnClassName(i);
                    //在数据库中类型的最大字符个数
                    int columnDisplaySize = data.getColumnDisplaySize(i);
                    //默认的列的标题
                    String columnLabel = data.getColumnLabel(i);
                    //获得列的模式
                    String schemaName = data.getSchemaName(i);
                    //某列类型的精确度(类型的长度)
                    int precision = data.getPrecision(i);
                    //小数点后的位数
                    int scale = data.getScale(i);
                    //获取某列对应的表名
                    String tableName = data.getTableName(i);
                    //是否自动递增
                    boolean isAutoInctement = data.isAutoIncrement(i);
                    //在数据库中是否为货币型
                    boolean isCurrency = data.isCurrency(i);
                    //是否为空
                    int isNullable = data.isNullable(i);
                    //是否为只读
                    boolean isReadOnly = data.isReadOnly(i);
                    //能否出现在where中
                    boolean isSearchable = data.isSearchable(i);
                    System.out.println(columnCount);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "的字段名称:" + columnName);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "的字段值:" + columnValue);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "的类型,返回SqlType中的编号:" + columnType);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "的数据类型名:" + columnTypeName);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "所在的Catalog名字:" + catalogName);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "对应数据类型的类:" + columnClassName);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "在数据库中类型的最大字符个数:" + columnDisplaySize);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "的默认的列的标题:" + columnLabel);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "的模式:" + schemaName);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "类型的精确度(类型的长度):" + precision);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "小数点后的位数:" + scale);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "对应的表名:" + tableName);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "是否自动递增:" + isAutoInctement);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "在数据库中是否为货币型:" + isCurrency);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "是否为空:" + isNullable);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "是否为只读:" + isReadOnly);
                    System.out.println("获得列" + i + "能否出现在where中:" + isSearchable);
                }
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            System.out.println("数据库连接失败");
        }
    }
}