Linux - 关于yum源 file & ftp & http 的三种配置方式

一、环境准备

1、两台Centos服务器：node1、node2

2、配置ip：node1（192.168.2.111）、node2（192.168.2.112）

3、关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

4、禁用SELinux：setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

[root@node1 home]# cat /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

SELINUX=disabled

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

二、配置yum源（file版）

1、将操作系统的iso映像文件上传到服务器的/mnt/iso目录下（目录不存在的话，手动创建）

[root@ctos79 ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/iso

2、挂载iso到/dev/cdrum目录（centos7.9该目录下的cdrom是个软连接）

[root@ctos79 ~]# mkdir -p /dev/cdrum

[root@ctos79 ~]# mount -o loop /mnt/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso /dev/cdrum/

3、创建本地的yum仓库目录 /vat/ftp/pub/os79，将iso文件的内容（/dev/cdrom目录下的内容）拷贝到yum仓库目录

拷贝过之后，可将使用umount卸载镜像，以防相关可视化平台检测到“红温”状态的目录。

[root@ctos79 ~]# mkdir -p /var/ftp/pub/os79

[root@ctos79 ~]# cp -a /dev/cdrum/* /var/ftp/pub/os79/

4、配置yum的.repo配置文件（在/etc/yum.repos.d目录下进行配置）

[root@ctos79 ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/os79.repo << EOF

> [os79]

> name=Local yum package

> baseurl=file:///var/ftp/pub/os79

> gpgcheck=0

> proxy=_none_

> EOF

5、清理（索引和下载包）缓存，将软件包信息提前在本地索引缓存，用来提高搜索安装软件的速度

[root@ctos79 ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache fast

已加载插件：fastestmirror

正在清理软件源： os79

已加载插件：fastestmirror

Determining fastest mirrors

os79                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00

(1/2): os79/group_gz                                             | 153 kB  00:00:00

(2/2): os79/primary_db                                           | 3.3 MB  00:00:00

元数据缓存已建立

6、显示已配置的软件仓库列表及各个软件仓库的软件包数量

[root@ctos79 ~]# yum repolist

已加载插件：fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

源标识                      源名称                              状态

os79                        Local yum package                   4,070

repolist: 4,070

7、以下是实际操作截图

三、配置yum源（ftp版）

1、下载安装vsftpd服务

[root@node1 home]# yum -y install vsftpd

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-11.el6_4.1 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================================================

 Package                    Arch                     Version                     Repository               Size

=====================================================================================================================

Installing:

 vsftpd                     x86_64                   2.2.2-11.el6_4.1            os65                     151 k

Transaction Summary

=====================================================================================================================

Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 151 k

Installed size: 331 k

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-11.el6_4.1.x86_64                                                         1/1

  Verifying  : vsftpd-2.2.2-11.el6_4.1.x86_64                                                         1/1

Installed:

  vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-11.el6_4.1

Complete!

2、修改vsftpd配置文件，添加 anon_root=/var/ftp（注意：实测不需要配置anon_root目录）

[root@node1 home]# cd /etc/vsftpd

[root@node1 vsftpd]# ll

总用量 20

-rw------- 1 root root  125 3月   1 2013 ftpusers

-rw------- 1 root root  361 3月   1 2013 user_list

-rw------- 1 root root 4599 3月   1 2013 vsftpd.conf

-rwxr--r-- 1 root root  338 3月   1 2013 vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh

[root@node1 vsftpd]# vim vsftpd.conf

[root@node1 vsftpd]# tail vsftpd.conf

#

# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6

# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.

# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!

#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd

userlist_enable=YES

tcp_wrappers=YES

anon_root=/var/ftp

[root@node1 vsftpd]#

3、修改配置文件之后重启vsftpd服务

# centos6.x

[root@node1 vsftpd]# service vsftpd restart && chkconfig vsftpd on

[root@node1 vsftpd]# chkconfig --list vsftpd

vsftpd          0:关闭  1:关闭  2:启用  3:启用  4:启用  5:启用  6:关闭

[root@node1 vsftpd]#

# centos7.x

[root@node1 vsftpd]# systemctl restart vsftpd && systemctl enable vsftpd

4、配置node2的yum配置文件（在/etc/yum.repos.d目录下）

[root@node2 yum.repos.d]# cat os65.repo

[os65]

name=Local yum package

baseurl=ftp://192.168.56.111/pub/os65

gpgcheck=0

proxy=_none_

enabled=1

5、清理（索引和下载包）缓存，将软件包信息提前在本地索引缓存，用来提高搜索安装软件的速度

yum clean all && yum makecache fast

6、显示已配置的软件仓库列表及各个软件仓库的软件包数量

[root@node2 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

repo id                            repo name                          status

os65                               Local yum package                  6,367

repolist: 6,367

[root@node2 yum.repos.d]#

四、配置yum源（http版）

1、通过wget获取到大厂的镜像源repo文件，先安装wget

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

 * base: mirrors.163.com

 * extras: mirrors.163.com

 * updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================

 Package       Arch        Version                  Repository         Size

===================================================================================

Installing:

 wget          x86_64      1.14-18.el7_6.1          base               547 k

Transaction Summary

===================================================================================

Install  1 Package

Total download size: 547 k

Installed size: 2.0 M

Downloading packages:

wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm                            | 547 kB  00:00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

  Installing : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64                  1/1

  Verifying  : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64                  1/1

Installed:

  wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]#

2、获取阿里的repo文件：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/ （可能有加密处理，不能直接wget到Centos-7.repo，访问该网址之后，右键复制了我想要的那个repo的链接）

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -O CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyum.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

--2023-06-07 16:35:00--  https://mirrors.aliyum.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

Resolving mirrors.aliyum.com (mirrors.aliyum.com)... 47.75.39.85

Connecting to mirrors.aliyum.com (mirrors.aliyum.com)|47.75.39.85|:443... failed: Connection refused.

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -O CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo?spm=a2c6h.25603864.0.0.1d2f5969P1c04G

--2023-06-07 16:36:10--  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo?spm=a2c6h.25603864.0.0.1d2f5969P1c04G

Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 119.167.164.119, 112.122.156.209, 112.122.156.207, ...

Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|119.167.164.119|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: ‘CentOS-Base.repo’

100%[============================>] 2,523       --.-K/s   in 0.008s

2023-06-07 16:36:10 (311 KB/s) - ‘CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [2523/2523]

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

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