python--面向对象编程之学生选课系统练习

1、系统目录结构

文件夹注解：

bin--系统管理员和学生的主程序代码

config--系统的配置文件

db--系统的数据文件

　　admin--管理员的数据文件

　　student--学生的数据文件

lib--系统的公共类文件

1、admin.py

　　主要用于管理员注册、登录系统、创建授课老师、创建课程等操作。

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 """
 管理员可操作的方法
 """
 import os
 import sys
 sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
 import  pickle
 import os
 from lib import models
 from config import settings
 from lib.models import Course
 from lib.models import Teacher
 from lib.models import Admin

 def create_teacher(admin_obj):
     """
     管理员创建老师
     :param admin_obj:
     :return:
     """
     teacher_list = []
     while True:
         teacher_name = input("请输入老师的姓名：(q退出)")
         if teacher_name == "q":
             break
         teacher_age = input("请输入老师的年龄：")
         obj = models.Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_age, admin_obj)
         teacher_list.append(obj)
         if os.path.exists("teacher_list"): #判断老师列表是否存在
             exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
             teacher_list.extend(exists_list)
         pickle.dump(teacher_list, open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'wb'))

 def create_course(admin_obj):
     """
     管理员创建课程
     :param admin_obj:
     :return:
     """
     teacher_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
     for num, item in enumerate(teacher_list, 1):
         print(num, item.name, item.age, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)
     course_list = []
     while True:
         name = input("请输入课程名(q退出):")
         if name == "q":
             break
         cost = input("请输入课时费:")
         num = input('请选择老师(序号):')
         obj = models.Course(name, cost, teacher_list[int(num) - 1], admin_obj)
         course_list.append(obj)
     if os.path.exists(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR): #判断课程列表是否存在
         exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
         course_list.extend(exists_list)
     pickle.dump(course_list, open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'wb'))

 def look_course():
     """
     管理员查看课程表
     :return:
     """
     course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
     for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
         print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)

 def to_login(user, pwd):
     """
     管理员登录的方法
     :param user:
     :param pwd:
     :return:
     """
     if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user)):
         # 从文件中将管理员对象读取出来（里面封装了用户信息以及提供了登录访求）
         admin_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user), 'rb'))
         if admin_obj.login(user, pwd):
             print('登录成功！')
             while True:
                 sel = input("1、创建老师；2、创建课程; 3、查看课程表(q退出程序) \n >>>>")
                 if sel == '':  #创建老师
                     create_teacher(admin_obj)
                 elif sel == '':  #创建课程
                     create_course(admin_obj)
                 elif sel == '':
                     look_course()
                 else:
                     break
         else:
             return 1
     else:
         return 0

 def to_register(user, pwd):
     """
     管理员注册的方法
     :param user:
     :param pwd:
     :return:
     """
     admin_obj = models.Admin()
     admin_obj.register(user, pwd)

 def main():
     inp = input("1、管理员登录； 2、管理员注册；\n >>>>>")
     user = input('请输入用户名：')
     pwd = input('请输入密码：')
     if inp == '':
         ret = to_login(user, pwd)
         if ret == 1:
             print("密码错误！")
         elif ret == 0:
             print("用户不存在！")

     elif inp == '':
         to_register(user, pwd)

 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

admin.py

2、students.py

　　主要是学生注册、登录系统，选课等操作。

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 """
 学生可操作的方法
 """
 import os
 import sys
 import pickle
 sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))

 from lib.models import Course
 from lib.models import Admin
 from lib.models import Teacher
 from config import settings
 from lib import models

 def to_select_course(student_obj):
     """
     学生选课的方法
     :param student_obj:
     :return:
     """
     course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
     for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
         print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name)
     while True:
         num = input("请选择课程(q退出)：")
         if num == 'q':
             break
         select_course_obj = course_list[int(num) - 1]
         if select_course_obj not in student_obj.course_list:
             student_obj.course_list.append(select_course_obj)
     pickle.dump(student_obj, open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, student_obj.username), 'wb'))

 def course_info(student_obj):
     """
     查看学生已选择的课程
     :return:
     """
     for item in student_obj.course_list:
         print(item.course_name, item.teacher.name)

 def to_register(user, pwd):
     """
     学生注册
     :param user:
     :param pwd:
     :return:
     """
     obj = models.Student()
     obj.register(user, pwd)

 def to_login(user, pwd):
     """
     学生登录
     :param user:
     :param pwd:
     :return:
     """
     if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user)):
         student_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user), 'rb'))
         if student_obj.login(user, pwd):
             inp = input('1、选课；2、上课；3、查看已选课程 \n >>>')
             if inp == '':
                 to_select_course(student_obj)
             elif inp == '':
                 course_info(student_obj)
             elif inp == '':
                 pass
         else:
             print('密码错误')
     else:
         print("学生用户不存在")

 def main():
     inp = input("1、学生登录；2、学生注册；\n >>>")
     user = input("请输入学生用户名：")
     pwd = input("请输入登录密码：")
     if inp == '':
         to_login(user, pwd)
     elif inp == '':
         to_register(user, pwd)

 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

students.py

3、settings.py

　　系统主要路径参数的设置文件

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 import os
 #定义路径变量
 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
 BASE_ADMIN_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "admin")
 BASE_STUDENTS_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "students")
 TEACHER_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "teacher_list")
 COURSE_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "course_list")

settings.py

4、models.py

　　系统公共类的代码实现

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 """
 用于存储老师、管理员、学生类
 """

 import time
 import  pickle
 from config import settings
 import os

 #定义老师类
 class Teacher:
     """
     封装老师的相关信息
     """
     def __init__(self, name, age, admin):
         self.name = name
         self.age = age
         self.__assets = 0
         self.create_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
         self.create_admin = admin

     def gain(self, cost):
         """
         增加资产
         :param cost: 增加的数量
         :return:
         """
         self.__assets += cost

     def decrease(self, cost):
         """
         减少资产
         :param cost: 减少的数量
         :return:
         """
         self.__assets -= cost

 #定义课程类
 class Course:
     """
     课程相关信息
     """
     def __init__(self, course_name, cost, teacher_obj, admin):
         self.course_name = course_name
         self.cost = cost
         self.teacher = teacher_obj
         self.create_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
         self.create_admin = admin

 #定义管理员类
 class Admin:
     """
     封装管理员
     """
     def __init__(self):
         self.username = None
         self.password = None

     def login(self, user, pwd):
         """
         管理员登录
         :param user:
         :param pwd:
         :return:
         """
         if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
             return True
         else:
             return False

     def register(self, user, pwd):
         """
         管理员注册
         :param user:
         :param pwd:
         :return:
         """
         self.username = user
         self.password= pwd

         path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, self.username)
         pickle.dump(self, open(path, 'xb'))

 #定义学生类
 class Student:
     """
     学生相关信息
     """
     def __init__(self):
         self.username = None
         self.password = None

         self.course_list = []
         self.study_dict = {}

     def select_course(self, course_obj):
         """
         学生选课
         :param course_obj:
         :return:
         """
         self.course_list.append(course_obj)

     def register(self, user, pwd):
         """
         学生注册
         :param user:
         :param pwd:
         :return:
         """
         self.username = user
         self.password = pwd
         path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, self.username)
         pickle.dump(self, open(path, 'xb'))

     def login(self, user, pwd):
         """
         学生登录
         :param user:
         :param pwd:
         :return:
         """
         if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
             return True
         else:
             return False

     def study(self, course_obj):
         """
         学生上课
         :param course_obj:
         :return:
         """
         class_result = course_obj.have_lesson()
         if course_obj in self.study_dict.keys():
             self.study_dict[course_obj].append(class_result)
         else:
              self.study_dict[course_obj] = [class_result,]

models.py