用Python开发小学二年级口算自动出题程序

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武汉光谷一小二年级要求家长每天要给小孩出口算题目，让孩子练习。

根据老师出题要求编写了Python程序自动出题，结果保存为txt文件，打印出来作为练习用，这样就不用每天繁琐地人工出题了，其中的数字用randint随机产生。

程序如下：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

__author__ = 'zhengbiqing 460356155@qq.com'
__doc__ = """武汉市光谷一小二年级数学口算自动出题程序 2017-05-31"""

from random import randint

sym = [' + ', ' - ']

# 当前文件夹下创建口算题目文件math.txt
fobj = open('math.txt', 'w')

def base_exei_oneline(pmin, pmax, mmin, mmax, multimin, multimax, divmin, divmax):
    '''
    pmin,pmax:加数、被加数最小最大值
    mmin,mmax:减法转换成加法后，加数、被加数最小最大值
    multimin,multimax:乘数、被乘数最小最大值
    divmin,divmax:除法转换成乘法后，乘数、被乘数最小最大值
    '''

    # plus：加法算式，rjust(2)：按2位数右对齐
    plus = str(randint(pmin, pmax)).rjust(2) + ' + ' + str(randint(pmin, pmax)).rjust(2) + ' ='

    # minus：减法算式
    minus1 = randint(mmin, mmax)
    minus2 = randint(mmin, mmax)
    minussum = minus1 + minus2
    minus = str(minussum).rjust(2) + ' - ' + str(minus1).rjust(2) + ' ='

    # multi：乘法算式
    multi1 = randint(multimin, multimax)
    multi2 = randint(multimin, multimax)
    multi = str(multi1).rjust(2) + ' x ' + str(multi2).rjust(2) + ' ='

    # div：除法算式
    div1 = randint(divmin, divmax)
    div2 = randint(divmin, divmax)
    divmulti = div1 * div2
    div = str(divmulti).rjust(2) + ' /' + str(div1).rjust(2) + ' ='

    lineitem = [plus, minus, multi, div]
    line = (18 * ' ').join(lineitem)
    print line
    fobj.writelines(line + '\r\n')

# 4列x10行道加、减、乘、除基本题，每行加、减、乘、除题各1道
def base_exeicise():
    for col in range(10):
        base_exei_oneline(1, 20, 1, 50, 1, 9, 1, 9)

# 类型1算式：... +/- ... +/- ...
def type1_str(summin=1, summax=100):
    '''
    summin,summax:允许总和的最小最大值
    '''
    sym1 = sym[randint(0, 1)]
    sym2 = sym[randint(0, 1)]

    if sym1 == ' + ' and sym2 == ' + ':
        sum_ = randint(summin + 2, summax)
        first = randint(summin, sum_ - 2)
        second = sum_ - first
        second = randint(summin, second - 1)
        third = sum_ - first - second
    elif sym1 == ' + ' and sym2 == ' - ':
        sum_ = randint(summin + 1, summax)
        first = randint(summin, sum_ - 1)
        second = sum_ - first
        third = randint(summin, sum_)
    elif sym1 == ' - ' and sym2 == ' + ':
        first = randint(summin + 1, summax)
        second = randint(summin, first)
        third = randint(first - second, summax)
    elif sym1 == ' - ' and sym2 == ' - ':
        first = randint(summin + 2, summax)
        second = randint(summin, first)
        third = first - second
        third = randint(summin, third)

    arithmetic = str(first).rjust(2) + sym1 + str(second).rjust(2) + sym2 + str(third).rjust(2)
    print arithmetic
    return arithmetic

# 类型2算式：... +/- ... x ...
def type2_str(multimin=1, multimax=9, summin=1, summax=100):
    '''
    multimin,multimax:乘数、被乘数最小最大值
    summin,summax:允许总和的最小最大值
    '''
    sym1 = sym[randint(0, 1)]
    second = randint(multimin, multimax)
    third = randint(multimin, multimax)
    multi = second * third

    if sym1 == ' + ':
        first = randint(summin, summax - multi)
    else:
        first = randint(multi, summax)

    arithmetic = str(first).rjust(2) + sym1 + str(second).rjust(2) + ' x ' + str(third).rjust(2)
    print arithmetic
    return arithmetic

# 类型3算式：(... +/- ...) / ...
def type3_str(multimin=1, multimax=9, summin=1, summax=100):
    '''
    multimin,multimax:乘数、被乘数最小最大值
    summin,summax:允许总和的最小最大值
    '''
    sym1 = sym[randint(0, 1)]
    second = randint(multimin, multimax)
    third = randint(multimin, multimax)
    multi = second * third

    if sym1 == ' + ':
        first = randint(summin, multi)
        second = multi - first
    else:
        second = randint(summin, summax - multi)
        first = multi + second

    arithmetic = '(' + str(first).rjust(2) + sym1 + str(second).rjust(2) + ')' + ' / ' + str(third).rjust(2)
    print arithmetic
    return arithmetic

# 生成一套题
def oneday_homework():
    # 基本题
    base_exeicise()
    # 类型1题
    plus1 = type1_str()
    plus2 = type1_str()
    # 类型2题
    plus3 = type2_str()
    # 类型3题
    plus4 = type3_str()
    plus5 = type3_str()

    # 类型1、2题打印一行
    line = [plus1, plus2, plus3]
    lines = (29 * ' ').join(line)
    print lines
    fobj.writelines(lines + '\r\n' * 4)

    # 类型3题打印一行
    line = [plus4, plus5]
    lines = (29 * ' ').join(line)
    print lines
    fobj.writelines(lines + '\r\n' * 4)
    fobj.writelines(r'用时______分钟           对______题（共45题）           家长签名：')

# 一张A4纸上下各打印1份
oneday_homework()
fobj.writelines('\r\n' * 6)
oneday_homework()
fobj.close()

结果如下：