.net序列化

在开发过程中，会遇到很多需要使用序列化的场景，比如wcf，webservice或者jquery+.net等。那今天就说说我对序列化的理解。

在.net中有几种序列化的方式，XML、二进制、SOAP、还有JSON。

XML序列化

xml序列化是使用namespace：System.Xml.Serialization下的class：XmlSerializer实现的。序列化之后使用xml格式的。

现有类型

   1:  [XmlRoot("OnlineOrder")]

   2:  public class Order

   3:  {

   4:      private int orderId;

   5:   

   6:      public int OrderId

   7:      {

   8:          get { return orderId; }

   9:          set { orderId = value; }

  10:      }

  11:      private DateTime orderTime;

  12:      

  13:      [XmlAttribute("OrderServerTime")]

  14:      public DateTime OrderTime

  15:      {

  16:          get { return orderTime; }

  17:          set { orderTime = value; }

  18:      }

  19:   

  20:      private List<Product> product;

  21:      public List<Product> Product

  22:      {

  23:          get { return product; }

  24:          set { product = value; }

  25:      }

  26:  }

  27:  public class Product

  28:  {

  29:      private int productId;

  30:   

  31:      public int ProductId

  32:      {

  33:          get { return productId; }

  34:          set { productId = value; }

  35:      }

  36:      private string productName;

  37:   

  38:      public string ProductName

  39:      {

  40:          get { return productName; }

  41:          set { productName = value; }

  42:      }

  43:      

  44:      

  45:      private string productShortName;

  46:      

  47:      public string ProductShortName

  48:      {

  49:          get { return productShortName; }

  50:          set { productShortName = value; }

  51:      }

  52:  }

  53:   

执行序列化

   1:  Order order = new Order

   2:              {

   3:                  Product = new List<Product>() { new Product() { ProductId = 1, ProductName = "ipone4", ProductShortName = "ip4" } },

   4:                  OrderId = 1001,

   5:                  OrderTime = DateTime.Now

   6:              };

   7:   

   8:              System.IO.StreamWriter writer = new System.IO.StreamWriter("xml.xml");

   9:   

  10:              XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Order));

  11:              serializer.Serialize(writer, order);

  12:   

现在可以看看结果了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<OnlineOrder OrderServerTime="2013-10-27T10:59:49.451353+08:00" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><OrderId>1001</OrderId>-<Product>-<Product><ProductId>1</ProductId><ProductName>ipone4</ProductName><ProductShortName>ip4</ProductShortName></Product></Product></OnlineOrder>

之后修改代码

   1:   

   2:      public class Order

   3:      {

   4:          private int a = 1;

   5:          protected int b = 2;

   6:          public int c = 3;

   7:          protected int d { get; set; }

   8:          private int orderId;

   9:            

  10:          public int OrderId

  11:          {

  12:              get { return orderId; }

  13:              set { orderId = value; }

  14:          }

  15:          private DateTime orderTime;

  16:           

  17:          [XmlIgnore]

  18:          public DateTime OrderTime

  19:          {

  20:              get { return orderTime; }

  21:              set { orderTime = value; }

  22:          }

  23:   

  24:          private List<Product> product;

  25:          public List<Product> Product

  26:          {

  27:              get { return product; }

  28:              set { product = value; }

  29:          }

  30:      }

  31:      public class Product

  32:      {

  33:          private int productId;

  34:   

  35:          public int ProductId

  36:          {

  37:              get { return productId; }

  38:              set { productId = value; }

  39:          }

  40:          private string productName;

  41:   

  42:          public string ProductName

  43:          {

  44:              get { return productName; }

  45:              set { productName = value; }

  46:          }

  47:          

  48:          

  49:          private string productShortName;

  50:          

  51:          public string ProductShortName

  52:          {

  53:              get { return productShortName; }

  54:              set { productShortName = value; }

  55:          }

  56:      }

再次查看结果

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<Order xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><c>3</c><OrderId>1001</OrderId>-<Product>-<Product><ProductId>1</ProductId><ProductName>ipone4</ProductName><ProductShortName>ip4</ProductShortName></Product></Product></Order>

对比结果可以看出

1：可以使用一些attribute来改变制定property序列化之后的形式。

2：private\protect字段不会序列化，也可以说可以被外部读写的字段属性会被序列化。

3：需要使用默认的构造函数，原理类似第二条。

4：XmlIgnore attribute之后不会序列化。

二进制序列化

二进制序列化使用的是namespace：System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters下的class：Binary实现的

同样使用类似的代码

   1:   [Serializable]

   2:      public class Order

   3:      {

   4:          private int a = 1;

   5:          protected int b = 2;

   6:          public int c = 3;

   7:          protected int d { get; set; }

   8:          private int orderId;

   9:   

  10:          public int OrderId

  11:          {

  12:              get { return orderId; }

  13:              set { orderId = value; }

  14:          }

  15:          private DateTime orderTime;

  16:   

  17:          public DateTime OrderTime

  18:          {

  19:              get { return orderTime; }

  20:              set { orderTime = value; }

  21:          }

  22:   

  23:          private List<Product> product;

  24:          public List<Product> Product

  25:          {

  26:              get { return product; }

  27:              set { product = value; }

  28:          }

  29:      }

  30:      [Serializable]

  31:      public class Product

  32:      {

  33:          private int productId;

  34:   

  35:          

  36:          public int ProductId

  37:          {

  38:              get { return productId; }

  39:              set { productId = value; }

  40:          }

  41:          private string productName;

  42:   

  43:          public string ProductName

  44:          {

  45:              get { return productName; }

  46:              set { productName = value; }

  47:          }

  48:   

  49:   

  50:          private string productShortName;

  51:   

  52:          public string ProductShortName

  53:          {

  54:              get { return productShortName; }

  55:              set { productShortName = value; }

  56:          }

序列化和反序列化：

   1:   Order order = new Order

   2:              {

   3:                  Product = new List<Product>() { new Product() { ProductId = 1, ProductName = "ipone4", ProductShortName = "ip4" } },

   4:                  OrderId = 1001,

   5:                  OrderTime = DateTime.Now

   6:              };

   7:   

   8:              using (System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream("xx.xml", System.IO.FileMode.OpenOrCreate))

   9:              {

  10:                  BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();

  11:                  bf.Serialize(fs, order);

  12:              }

  13:              using (System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream("xx.xml", System.IO.FileMode.OpenOrCreate))

  14:              {

  15:                  BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();

  16:                  Order order1 = (Order)bf.Deserialize(fs);

17: }

查看结果：

看来所有的属性和字段都被序列化了。

看来，二进制序列化和XML序列化还是稍显不同的。

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