作者: PHP中文网|标签:PHP 递归 无限级树|2017-5-18 18:09
 
无限级树状图可以说是无限级栏目的一个显著特征,我们接下来就来看看两种不同的写法。

一.数据库设计

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CREATE TABLE `bg_cate` (
`cate_Id` int(30) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`cate_ParentId` int(30) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
`cate_Name` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`cate_Intro` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL,
`cate_Order` int(30) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
`cate_Icon` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`cate_Id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=34 ;
--
-- 导出表中的数据 `bg_cate`
--
INSERT INTO `bg_cate` (`cate_Id`, `cate_ParentId`, `cate_Name`, `cate_Intro`, `cate_Order`, `cate_Icon`) VALUES
(4, 0, '往事如风''记录往事', 0, 'icons/6.gif'),
(5, 0, '水煮三国''品位三国智慧', 0, 'icons/3.gif'),
(2, 0, '技术学习''平时学习的一些笔记,欢迎批评指正。', 0, 'icons/18.gif'),
(3, 0, '生活点滴''记录生活点滴', 0, 'icons/2.gif'),
(6, 0, '栀子花开''青春无限', 0, 'icons/8.gif'),
(7, 0, '假日休闲''悠闲、自在', 0, 'icons/24.gif'),
(8, 2, 'html''html学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(9, 2, 'css''css学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(10, 2, 'php''php学习', 0, 'icons/18.gif'),
(11, 10, 'php基础知识''php基础知识', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(12, 10, 'oop''oop', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(13, 10, 'php安全''讲述php安全', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(14, 10, 'seagull framework''seagull framework', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(15, 2, 'javascript''javascript学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(16, 2, '设计模式'NULL, 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(17, 2, '软件工程''软件工程学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(18, 3, '厦门生活''厦门生活', 0, 'icons/8.gif'),
(19, 3, '大学生活''大学生活', 0, 'icons/8.gif'),
(20, 3, '童年生活''童年生活', 0, 'icons/15.gif'),
(21, 19, '学习''学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(22, 19, '运动''运动', 0, 'icons/16.gif'),
(23, 19, '旅游''旅游', 0, 'icons/24.gif'),
(24, 22, '排球''排球', 0, 'icons/9.gif'),
(25, 22, '篮球''篮球', 0, 'icons/9.gif'),
(26, 22, '羽毛球''羽毛球', 0, 'icons/9.gif'),
(27, 22, '乒乓球''乒乓球', 0, 'icons/9.gif');

二.到数据库取数据,放到数组。

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require_once './classes/MyDB.php';
$con = MyDB::singleton();
$sql = <<<SQL
   select from bg_cate cate
SQL;
$data = $con->getAll($sql);
//print_r($data);

数据库操作我用的是pear类库。
最后的$data的数据格式如下:

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Array
(
   [0] => Array
       (
           [cate_Id] => 4
           [cate_ParentId] => 0
           [cate_Name] => 往事如风
           [cate_Intro] => 记录往事
           [cate_Order] => 0
           [cate_Icon] => icons/6.gif
       )
   [1] => Array
       (
           [cate_Id] => 5
           [cate_ParentId] => 0
           [cate_Name] => 水煮三国
           [cate_Intro] => 品位三国智慧
           [cate_Order] => 0
           [cate_Icon] => icons/3.gif
       )

三.把上一步的数据转为树型状的数组
代码如下:

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function getTree($data$pId)
{
$tree '';
foreach($data as $k => $v)
{
  if($v['cate_ParentId'] == $pId)
  {        //父亲找到儿子
   $v['cate_ParentId'] = getTree($data$v['cate_Id']);
   $tree[] = $v;
   //unset($data[$k]);
  }
}
return $tree;
}
$tree = getTree($data, 0);

最后输出$tree的数据格式为:

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Array
(
   [0] => Array
       (
           [cate_Id] => 4
           [cate_ParentId] =>
           [cate_Name] => 往事如风
           [cate_Intro] => 记录往事
           [cate_Order] => 0
           [cate_Icon] => icons/6.gif
       )
   [1] => Array
       (
           [cate_Id] => 5
           [cate_ParentId] =>
           [cate_Name] => 水煮三国
           [cate_Intro] => 品位三国智慧
           [cate_Order] => 0
           [cate_Icon] => icons/3.gif
       )
   [2] => Array
       (
           [cate_Id] => 2
           [cate_ParentId] => Array
               (
                   [0] => Array
                       (
                           [cate_Id] => 8
                           [cate_ParentId] =>
                           [cate_Name] => html
                           [cate_Intro] => html学习
                           [cate_Order] => 0
                           [cate_Icon] => icons/1.gif
                       )

四.把树型状数组转为html
代码如下:

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function procHtml($tree)
{
$html '';
foreach($tree as $t)
{
  if($t['cate_ParentId'] == '')
  {
   $html .= "<li>{$t['cate_Name']}</li>";
  }
  else
  {
   $html .= "<li>".$t['cate_Name'];
   $html .= procHtml($t['cate_ParentId']);
   $html $html."</li>";
  }
}
return $html '<ul>'.$html.'</ul>' $html ;
}
echo procHtml($tree);

输出的html的代码格式为:

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<ul>
<li>往事如风</li>
<li>水煮三国</li>
<li>技术学习
  <ul>
   <li>html</li>
   <li>css</li>
   <li>php
    <ul>
     <li>php基础知识</li>
     <li>oop</li>
     <li>php安全</li>

五.代码整合

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function getTree($data$pId)
{
$html '';
foreach($data as $k => $v)
{
  if($v['cate_ParentId'] == $pId)
  {        //父亲找到儿子
   $html .= "<li>".$v['cate_Name'];
   $html .= getTree($data$v['cate_Id']);
   $html $html."</li>";
  }
}
return $html '<ul>'.$html.'</ul>' $html ;
}
echo getTree($data, 0);

六.增加CSS样式


第二种是从开源网站上看到的,非常非常的简洁:

<?php

function genTree5($items) {
foreach ($items as $item)
$items[$item['pid']]['son'][$item['id']] = &$items[$item['id']];
return isset($items[0]['son']) ? $items[0]['son'] : array();
} /**
* 将数据格式化成树形结构
* @author Xuefen.Tong
* @param array $items
* @return array
*/
function genTree9($items) {
$tree = array(); //格式化好的树
foreach ($items as $item)
if (isset($items[$item['pid']]))
$items[$item['pid']]['son'][] = &$items[$item['id']];
else
$tree[] = &$items[$item['id']];
return $tree;
} $items = array(
1 => array('id' => 1, 'pid' => 0, 'name' => '江西省'),
2 => array('id' => 2, 'pid' => 0, 'name' => '黑龙江省'),
3 => array('id' => 3, 'pid' => 1, 'name' => '南昌市'),
4 => array('id' => 4, 'pid' => 2, 'name' => '哈尔滨市'),
5 => array('id' => 5, 'pid' => 2, 'name' => '鸡西市'),
6 => array('id' => 6, 'pid' => 4, 'name' => '香坊区'),
7 => array('id' => 7, 'pid' => 4, 'name' => '南岗区'),
8 => array('id' => 8, 'pid' => 6, 'name' => '和兴路'),
9 => array('id' => 9, 'pid' => 7, 'name' => '西大直街'),
10 => array('id' => 10, 'pid' => 8, 'name' => '东北林业大学'),
11 => array('id' => 11, 'pid' => 9, 'name' => '哈尔滨工业大学'),
12 => array('id' => 12, 'pid' => 8, 'name' => '哈尔滨师范大学'),
13 => array('id' => 13, 'pid' => 1, 'name' => '赣州市'),
14 => array('id' => 14, 'pid' => 13, 'name' => '赣县'),
15 => array('id' => 15, 'pid' => 13, 'name' => '于都县'),
16 => array('id' => 16, 'pid' => 14, 'name' => '茅店镇'),
17 => array('id' => 17, 'pid' => 14, 'name' => '大田乡'),
18 => array('id' => 18, 'pid' => 16, 'name' => '义源村'),
19 => array('id' => 19, 'pid' => 16, 'name' => '上坝村'),
);
echo "<pre>";
print_r(genTree5($items));
print_r(genTree9($items)); //后者输出格式,前者类似,只是数组键值不一样,不过不影响数据结构
/*
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 1
[pid] => 0
[name] => 江西省
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 3
[pid] => 1
[name] => 南昌市
) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 13
[pid] => 1
[name] => 赣州市
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 14
[pid] => 13
[name] => 赣县
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 16
[pid] => 14
[name] => 茅店镇
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 18
[pid] => 16
[name] => 义源村
) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 19
[pid] => 16
[name] => 上坝村
) ) ) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 17
[pid] => 14
[name] => 大田乡
) ) ) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 15
[pid] => 13
[name] => 于都县
) ) ) ) ) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 2
[pid] => 0
[name] => 黑龙江省
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 4
[pid] => 2
[name] => 哈尔滨市
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 6
[pid] => 4
[name] => 香坊区
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 8
[pid] => 6
[name] => 和兴路
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 10
[pid] => 8
[name] =>
东北林业大学
) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 12
[pid] => 8
[name] =>
哈尔滨师范大学
) ) ) ) ) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[pid] => 4
[name] => 南岗区
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 9
[pid] => 7
[name] => 西大直街
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 11
[pid] => 9
[name] =>
哈尔滨工业大学
) ) ) ) ) ) ) [1] => Array
(
[id] => 5
[pid] => 2
[name] => 鸡西市
) ) )
)*/

 

<?php
  
function genTree5($items) {
    foreach ($items as $item)
        $items[$item['pid']]['son'][$item['id']] = &$items[$item['id']];
    return isset($items[0]['son']) ? $items[0]['son'] : array();
}
  
/**
 * 将数据格式化成树形结构
 * @author Xuefen.Tong
 * @param array $items
 * @return array
 */
function genTree9($items) {
    $tree array(); //格式化好的树
    foreach ($items as $item)
        if (isset($items[$item['pid']]))
            $items[$item['pid']]['son'][] = &$items[$item['id']];
        else
            $tree[] = &$items[$item['id']];
    return $tree;
}
  
$items array(
    1 => array('id' => 1, 'pid' => 0, 'name' => '江西省'),
    2 => array('id' => 2, 'pid' => 0, 'name' => '黑龙江省'),
    3 => array('id' => 3, 'pid' => 1, 'name' => '南昌市'),
    4 => array('id' => 4, 'pid' => 2, 'name' => '哈尔滨市'),
    5 => array('id' => 5, 'pid' => 2, 'name' => '鸡西市'),
    6 => array('id' => 6, 'pid' => 4, 'name' => '香坊区'),
    7 => array('id' => 7, 'pid' => 4, 'name' => '南岗区'),
    8 => array('id' => 8, 'pid' => 6, 'name' => '和兴路'),
    9 => array('id' => 9, 'pid' => 7, 'name' => '西大直街'),
    10 => array('id' => 10, 'pid' => 8, 'name' => '东北林业大学'),
    11 => array('id' => 11, 'pid' => 9, 'name' => '哈尔滨工业大学'),
    12 => array('id' => 12, 'pid' => 8, 'name' => '哈尔滨师范大学'),
    13 => array('id' => 13, 'pid' => 1, 'name' => '赣州市'),
    14 => array('id' => 14, 'pid' => 13, 'name' => '赣县'),
    15 => array('id' => 15, 'pid' => 13, 'name' => '于都县'),
    16 => array('id' => 16, 'pid' => 14, 'name' => '茅店镇'),
    17 => array('id' => 17, 'pid' => 14, 'name' => '大田乡'),
    18 => array('id' => 18, 'pid' => 16, 'name' => '义源村'),
    19 => array('id' => 19, 'pid' => 16, 'name' => '上坝村'),
);
echo "<pre>";
print_r(genTree5($items));
print_r(genTree9($items));
  
//后者输出格式,前者类似,只是数组键值不一样,不过不影响数据结构
/*
Array
(
[0] => Array
    (
        [id] => 1
        [pid] => 0
        [name] => 江西省
        [son] => Array
            (
                [0] => Array
                    (
                        [id] => 3
                        [pid] => 1
                        [name] => 南昌市
                    )
  
                [1] => Array
                    (
                        [id] => 13
                        [pid] => 1
                        [name] => 赣州市
                        [son] => Array
                            (
                                [0] => Array
                                    (
                                        [id] => 14
                                        [pid] => 13
                                        [name] => 赣县
                                        [son] => Array
                                            (
                                            [0] => Array
                                                (
                                                    [id] => 16
                                                    [pid] => 14
                                                    [name] => 茅店镇
                                                    [son] => Array
                                                        (
                                                        [0] => Array
                                                            (
                                                            [id] => 18
                                                            [pid] => 16
                                                            [name] => 义源村
                                                            )
  
                                                        [1] => Array
                                                            (
                                                            [id] => 19
                                                            [pid] => 16
                                                            [name] => 上坝村
                                                            )
  
                                                        )
  
                                                )
  
                                            [1] => Array
                                                (
                                                    [id] => 17
                                                    [pid] => 14
                                                    [name] => 大田乡
                                                )
  
                                            )
  
                                    )
  
                                [1] => Array
                                    (
                                        [id] => 15
                                        [pid] => 13
                                        [name] => 于都县
                                    )
  
                            )
  
                    )
  
            )
  
    )
  
[1] => Array
    (
        [id] => 2
        [pid] => 0
        [name] => 黑龙江省
        [son] => Array
            (
                [0] => Array
                    (
                        [id] => 4
                        [pid] => 2
                        [name] => 哈尔滨市
                        [son] => Array
                            (
                            [0] => Array
                                (
                                    [id] => 6
                                    [pid] => 4
                                    [name] => 香坊区
                                    [son] => Array
                                        (
                                        [0] => Array
                                            (
                                                [id] => 8
                                                [pid] => 6
                                                [name] => 和兴路
                                                [son] => Array
                                                    (
                                                        [0] => Array
                                                            (
                                                            [id] => 10
                                                            [pid] => 8
                                                            [name] =>
                                                             东北林业大学
                                                            )
  
                                                        [1] => Array
                                                            (
                                                            [id] => 12
                                                            [pid] => 8
                                                            [name] =>
                                                            哈尔滨师范大学
                                                            )
  
                                                    )
  
                                            )
  
                                        )
  
                                )
  
                            [1] => Array
                                (
                                    [id] => 7
                                    [pid] => 4
                                    [name] => 南岗区
                                    [son] => Array
                                        (
                                        [0] => Array
                                            (
                                            [id] => 9
                                            [pid] => 7
                                            [name] => 西大直街
                                            [son] => Array
                                                (
                                                [0] => Array
                                                    (
                                                    [id] => 11
                                                    [pid] => 9
                                                    [name] =>
                                                     哈尔滨工业大学
                                                    )
  
                                                )
  
                                            )
  
                                        )
  
                                )
  
                            )
  
                    )
  
                [1] => Array
                    (
                        [id] => 5
                        [pid] => 2
                        [name] => 鸡西市
                    )
  
            )
  
    )
)*/

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