.NET跨平台之旅：成功将示例站点升级至ASP.NET Core RC2

ASP.NET Core RC2 终于发布了（ Announcing ASP.NET Core RC2 ）。为了庆祝这次发布，我们将运行在 Ubuntu 服务器上的示例站点 about.cnblogs.com 升级到了 ASP.NET Core RC2 ，在这篇博文中分享一下我们在升级过程中遇到的问题。

一、安装.NET Core SDK

删除旧版 dotnet cli：

rm -rf /usr/share/dotnet

安装 .NET Core SDK：

curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dotnet/cli/rel/1.0.0/scripts/obtain/dotnet-install.sh | bash /dev/stdin --version 1.0.0-preview1-002702 --install-dir ~/dotnet

sudo ln -s ~/dotnet/dotnet /usr/local/bin

二、运行 dotnet restore 命令

遇到2个错误：

1） Unable to resolve 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.IISPlatformHandler (>= 1.0.0)' for '.NETCoreApp,Version=v1.0'

解决方法：在 project.json 中将 Microsoft.AspNetCore.IISPlatformHandler 改为 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration 。

2） Package Newtonsoft.Json 7.0.1 is not compatible with netcoreapp1.0 (.NETCoreApp,Version=v1.0)

解决方法：在 project.json 中将

"tools": {
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools": "1.0.0-*"
}

改为

"tools": {
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools":{
        "version":"1.0.0-*",
        "imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
    }
}

详见博问：http://q.cnblogs.com/q/82384/

三、运行 dotnet run 命令

遇到了不少错误：

1）

The type or namespace name 'IApplicationEnvironment' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

解决方法：将 Startup.cs 中的 IApplicationEnvironment 改为 IHostingEnvironment，详见 http://q.cnblogs.com/q/82388/ 。

2）

'IWebHostBuilder' does not contain a definition for 'UseDefaultHostingConfiguration' and no extension method 'UseDefaultHostingConfiguration' accepting a first argument of type 'IWebHostBuilder' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

解决方法：在 Program.cs 中删除 .UseDefaultHostingConfiguration(args)

3）

'IWebHostBuilder' does not contain a definition for 'UseIISPlatformHandlerUrl' and no extension method 'UseIISPlatformHandlerUrl' accepting a first argument of type 'IWebHostBuilder' could be found

解决方法：在 Program.cs 中将 .UseIISPlatformHandlerUrl() 改为 UseIISIntegration()

4）

'ConfigurationBuilder' does not contain a definition for 'SetBasePath' and no extension method 'SetBasePath' accepting a first argument of type 'ConfigurationBuilder' could be found

解决方法：在 project.json 的 dependencies 中添加配置： "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.FileExtensions": "1.0.0-*" ，详见 http://q.cnblogs.com/q/82391/

5）

'IConfigurationBuilder' does not contain a definition for 'AddJsonFile' and no extension method 'AddJsonFile' accepting a first argument of type 'IConfigurationBuilder' could be found

解决方法：在 project.json 的 dependencies 中添加配置： "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.0.0-*" ，详见 http://q.cnblogs.com/q/82395/

6）

The type or namespace name 'IRuntimeEnvironment' does not exist in the namespace 'Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions' 

解决方法：在 _Layout.cshtml 中删除 @inject Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions.IRuntimeEnvironment env ，添加命名空间 @using Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions 与代码 @{ var env = PlatformServices.Default.Runtime; } 。

四、代码改进

在 Program.cs 中将 .UseServer("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel") 改为 .UseKestrel() 。

五、project.json、Program.cs、Startup.cs中的完整代码

1）project.json

{
   "compilationOptions": {
        "preserveCompilationContext": true,
        "emitEntryPoint": true
    },
    "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.FileExtensions": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.0.0-*",
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
            "type": "platform",
            "version": "1.0.0-*"
        }
    },
    "frameworks": {
      "netcoreapp1.0": {
        "imports": [
          "portable-net45+wp80+win8+wpa81+dnxcore50",
          "portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81",
          "portable-net45+win8+wp8"
        ]
      }
    },

    "tools": {
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools":{
            "version": "1.0.0-*",
            "imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
        }
    }
}

2）Program.cs

using System.IO;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;

namespace CNBlogs.AboutUs.Web
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var host = new WebHostBuilder()
                        .UseKestrel()
                        .UseUrls("http://*:8001")
                        .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                        .UseIISIntegration()
                        .UseStartup<Startup>()
                        .Build();

            host.Run();
        }
    }
}

3）Startup.cs

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using CNBlogs.AboutUs.Data;
using Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using CNBlogs.AboutUs.Application;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;

namespace CNBlogs.AboutUs.Web
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IHostingEnvironment hostingEnv)
        {
            IConfigurationBuilder builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(hostingEnv.ContentRootPath)
                .AddJsonFile("config.json", false);
            Configuration = builder.Build();
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; set; }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app,
            ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
            IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if(env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                loggerFactory.AddConsole(LogLevel.Debug);
            }
            else
            {
                loggerFactory.AddConsole(LogLevel.Error);
            }

            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseRuntimeInfoPage();

            if(env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
        }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();

            services.AddEntityFrameworkSqlServer()
                .AddDbContext<EfDbContext>(options =>
                {
                    options.UseSqlServer(Configuration["data:ConnectionString"]);
                });

            services.AddTransient<ITabNavRepository, TabNavRepository>();
            services.AddTransient<ITabNavService, TabNavService>();
        }
    }
}