ORACLE数据库的限制

ORACLE数据库最多可以拥有多少个表空间（Tablespace）？数据库最多拥有多少个数据文件（Database files）、数据库的数据文件最大可以多大？遇到这些问题只能查询官方文档，人的记忆能力是有限的。正所谓好记性不如烂笔头。下面是ORACLE 10g数据库的一些限制，以供参考。

Physical Database Limits

Item	Type of Limit	Limit Value
Database Block Size	Minimum	2048 bytes; must be a multiple of operating system physical block size
	Maximum	Operating system dependent; never more than 32 KB
Database Blocks	Minimum in initial extent of a segment.	2 blocks
	Maximum per datafile	Platform dependent; typically 222 - 1 blocks
Controlfiles	Number of control files	1 minimum; 2 or more (on separate devices) strongly recommended
	Size of a control file	Dependent on operating system and database creation options; maximum of 20,000 x (database block size)
Database files	Maximum per tablespace	Operating system dependent; usually 1022
	Maximum per database	65533 May be less on some operating systems Limited also by size of database blocks and by the DB_FILES initialization parameter for a particular instance
Database extents	Maximum per dictionary managed tablespace	4 GB * physical block size (with K/M modifier); 4 GB (without K/M modifier)
	Maximum per locally managed (uniform) tablespace	2 GB * physical block size (with K/M modifier); 2 GB (without K/M modifier)
Database file size	Maximum	Operating system dependent. Limited by maximum operating system file size; typically 222 or 4 MB blocks
MAXEXTENTS	Default value	Derived from tablespace default storage or DB_BLOCK_SIZE initialization parameter
	Maximum	Unlimited
Redo Log Files	Maximum number of logfiles	Limited by value of MAXLOGFILES parameter in the CREATE DATABASE statement Control file can be resized to allow more entries; ultimately an operating system limit
	Maximum number of logfiles per group	Unlimited
Redo Log File Size	Minimum size	50 KB
	Maximum size	Operating system limit; typically 2 GB
Tablespaces	Maximum number per database	64 K Number of tablespaces cannot exceed the number of database files because each tablespace must include at least one file
Bigfile Tablespaces	Number of blocks	A bigfile tablespace contains only one datafile or tempfile, which can contain up to approximately 4 billion ( 232 ) blocks. The maximum size of the single datafile or tempfile is 128 terabytes (TB) for a tablespace with 32K blocks and 32TB for a tablespace with 8K blocks.
Smallfile (traditional) Tablespaces	Number of blocks	A smallfile tablespace is a traditional Oracle tablespace, which can contain 1022 datafiles or tempfiles, each of which can contain up to approximately 4 million (222) blocks.
External Tables file	Maximum size	Dependent on the operating system. An external table can be composed of multiple files.

Logical Database Limits

Item	Type	Limit
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEWdefinition	Maximum size	64K Bytes
GROUP BY clause	Maximum length	The GROUP BY expression and all of the nondistinct aggregate functions (for example,SUM, AVG) must fit within a single database block.
Indexes	Maximum per table	Unlimited
	total size of indexed column	75% of the database block size minus some overhead
Columns	Per table	1000 columns maximum
	Per index (or clustered index)	32 columns maximum
	Per bitmapped index	30 columns maximum
Constraints	Maximum per column	Unlimited
Subqueries	Maximum levels of subqueries in a SQL statement	Unlimited in the FROM clause of the top-level query 255 subqueries in the WHERE clause
Partitions	Maximum length of linear partitioning key	4 KB - overhead
	Maximum number of columns in partition key	16 columns
	Maximum number of partitions allowed per table or index	1024K - 1
Rows	Maximum number per table	Unlimited
Stored Packages	Maximum size	PL/SQL and Developer/2000 may have limits on the size of stored procedures they can call. The limits typically range from 2000 to 3000 lines of code. See Also: Your PL/SQL or Developer/2000 documentation for details
Trigger Cascade Limit	Maximum value	Operating system-dependent, typically 32
Users and Roles	Maximum	2,147,483,638
Tables	Maximum per clustered table	32 tables
	Maximum per database	Unlimited

参考资料：

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14237/limits002.htm#i287915
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14237/limits003.htm#i288032