python基础： day4作业计算器

作业：计算器开发

1. 实现加减乘除及拓号优先级解析
2. 用户输入 1 - 2 * ( (60-30 +(-40/5) * (9-2*5/3 + 7 /3*99/4*2998 +10 * 568/14 )) - (-4*3)/ (16-3*2) )等类似公式后，必须自己解析里面的(),+,-,*,/符号和公式，运算后得出结果，结果必须与真实的计算器所得出的结果一致

一、说明：

有一点bug就是不能计算幂次方,如:'6＊＊6'会报错

该计算器思路：
1、没用使用递归，先找出并计算所有括号里的公式，再计算乘除和加减
2、所有的数字都认为是浮点型操作，以此来保留小数
使用技术：
1、正则表达式
2、tkinter

流程图：

代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#antuor:Alan

import  re
from functools import reduce
from tkinter import *

'''处理特殊－号运算'''
def minus_operation(expresstion):
    minus_operators = re.split("-",expresstion)
    calc_list = re.findall("[0-9]",expresstion)
    if minus_operators[0] =="":
        calc_list[0] = '-%s' % calc_list[0]
    res = reduce(lambda x,y:float(x)-float(y),calc_list)
    print(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>减号[%s]运算结果:" % expresstion,res)
    return res

'''reduce()对sequence连续使用function, 如果不给出initial, 则第一次调用传递sequence的两个元素,
以后把前一次调用的结果和sequence的下一个元素传递给function'''

'''处理双运算符号'''
def del_duplicates(expresstion):
    expresstion = expresstion.replace("++","+")
    expresstion = expresstion.replace("--","-")
    expresstion = expresstion.replace("+-","-")
    expresstion = expresstion.replace("--","+")
    expresstion = expresstion.replace('- -',"+")
    e
    return expresstion

'''＊／运算函数'''
def mutiply_dividend(expresstion):
    calc_list = re.split("[*/]",expresstion)         #用＊ or /分割公式
    operators = re.findall("[*/]",expresstion)       #找出所有＊和／号
    res = None
    for index,i in enumerate(calc_list):
        if res:
            if operators[index-1] =='*':
                res *= float(i)
            elif operators[index-1] =='/':
                res /=float(i)
        else :
            res = float(i)
    procession0 = "[%s]运算结果=" % expresstion,res
    final_result.insert(END,procession0)        #插入窗体
    print(procession0)
    return res

'''处理运算符号顺序混乱情况'''
def special_features(plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend):

    for index,i  in enumerate(multiply_and_dividend):
        i = i.strip()
        if i.endswith("*") or i.endswith("/"):
            multiply_and_dividend[index] = multiply_and_dividend[index] + plus_and_minus_operators[index] + multiply_and_dividend[index+1]
            del multiply_and_dividend[index+1]
            del plus_and_minus_operators[index]
    return plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend

def minus_special(operator_list,calc_list):
    for index,i in enumerate(calc_list):
        if i =='':
            calc_list[index+1] = i + calc_list[index+1].strip()

'''运算除了（）的公式＋－＊／'''
def figure_up(expresstion):
    expresstion = expresstion.strip("()")       #去掉外面括号
    expresstion = del_duplicates(expresstion)   #去掉重复＋－号
    plus_and_minus_operators = re.findall("[+-]",expresstion)
    multiply_and_dividend = re.split("[+-]",expresstion)
    if len(multiply_and_dividend[0].strip()) ==0:
        multiply_and_dividend[1] = plus_and_minus_operators[0] + multiply_and_dividend[1]
        del multiply_and_dividend[0]
        del plus_and_minus_operators[0]

    plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend = special_features(plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend)
    for index,i in enumerate(multiply_and_dividend):
        if re.search("[*/]",i):
            sub_res = mutiply_dividend(i)
            multiply_and_dividend[index] = sub_res

    print(multiply_and_dividend,plus_and_minus_operators)    #计算
    final_res = None
    for index,item in enumerate(multiply_and_dividend):
        if final_res:
            if plus_and_minus_operators[index-1] == '+':
                final_res += float(item)
            elif plus_and_minus_operators[index-1] == '-':
                final_res -= float(item)
        else:
            final_res = float(item)
    procession = '[%s]计算结果:' % expresstion,final_res
    final_result.insert(END,procession)        #插入窗体
    print(procession)
    return final_res

"""主函数：运算逻辑：先计算拓号里的值,算出来后再算乘除,再算加减"""
def calculate():
    expresstion = expresstions.get()                  #获取输入框值
    flage = True
    calculate_res = None                              #初始化计算结果为None
    while flage:
        m = re.search("\([^()]*\)",expresstion)       #先找最里层的（）
        # pattern = re.compile(r"\([^()]*\)")
        # m = pattern.match(expresstion)
        if m:
            sub_res = figure_up(m.group())            #运算（）里的公式
            expresstion = expresstion.replace(m.group(),str(sub_res))    #运算完毕把结果替换掉公式
        else:
            print('---------------括号已经计算完毕--------------')
            procession1 = "最终计算结果:",figure_up(expresstion)
            final_result.insert(END,procession1)      #插入窗体
            print('\033[31m最终计算结果:',figure_up(expresstion))

            flage = False

if __name__=="__main__":
    # res = calculate("1 - 2 * ( (60-30 +(-40/5) * (9-2*5/3 + 7 /3*99/4*2998 +10 * 568/14 )) - (-4*3)/ (16-3*2) )")
    window = Tk()                 ###创建窗体
    window.title('计算器')        ###命名窗体
    frame1 = Frame(window)       ###框架1
    frame1.pack()                ###放置
    frame2 = Frame(window)       ###框架2
    frame2.pack()                ###放置
    lable = Label(frame1,text = "请输入公式：")   ###文字标签
    lable.pack()
    expresstions = StringVar()    ###输入框属性，字符串
    entryname = Entry(frame1,textvariable = expresstions)  ###文本输入框
    bt_get_expresstions = Button(frame1,text = "提交",command = calculate)  ###按钮挂件
    bt_get_expresstions.pack()
    entryname.pack()
    lable.grid(row =1,column =1)    ###位置
    entryname.grid(row=1,column =2)
    bt_get_expresstions.grid(row =1,column =3)
    final_result = Text(frame2)    ###计算结果显示框
    final_result.tag_config("here", background="yellow", foreground="blue")
    final_result.pack()
    window.mainloop()             ###事件循环