Zabbix---数据库表分区

1） 查询zabbix数据库中各种表存储的大小和行数:

mysql> select table_name, (data_length + index_length)/1024/1024 as total_mb, table_rows from information_schema.tables where table_schema='zabbix';

2）共有四个存储过程

​ partition_create - 这将在给定模式中的给定表上创建一个分区。

​ partition_drop - 这将删除给定模式中给定表上给定时间戳的分区。

​ partition_maintenance - 此功能是用户调用的。它负责解析给定的参数，然后根据需要创建/删除分区。

​ partition_verify - 检查给定模式中给定表上是否启用了分区。如果没有启用，它将创建一个单独的分区。

​ 创建存储过程Sql脚本

# cat partition.sql

DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME varchar(64), TABLENAME varchar(64), PARTITIONNAME varchar(64), CLOCK int)
BEGIN
        /*
           SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
           TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
           PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create
        */
        /*
           Verify that the partition does not already exist
        */

        DECLARE RETROWS INT;
        SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
        FROM information_schema.partitions
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;

        IF RETROWS = 0 THEN
        /*
           1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created.
           2. Create the SQL to create the partition.
           3. Execute the SQL from #2.
        */
        SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg;
        SET @sql = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' );
        PREPARE STMT FROM @sql;
        EXECUTE STMT;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
        END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT)
BEGIN
        /*
           SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
           TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
           DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd)
        */
        DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
        DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);

        /*
           Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date
           in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE.  All partitions are prefixed with
           a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character.
        */
        DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR
        SELECT partition_name
        FROM information_schema.partitions
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE;
        DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;

        /*
           Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition.  Also, create
           @drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that
           should be deleted.
        */
        SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION ");
        SET @drop_partitions = "";

        /*
           Start looping through all the partitions that are too old.
        */
        OPEN myCursor;
        read_loop: LOOP
        FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name;
        IF done THEN
    LEAVE read_loop;
        END IF;
        SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name));
        END LOOP;
        IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN
        /*
           1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions.
           2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions.
           3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted.
        */
        SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";");
        PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql;
        EXECUTE STMT;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;

        SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`;
        ELSE
        /*
           No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate
           that no changes were made.
        */
        SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`;
        END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT)
BEGIN
        DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT;
        DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;

        CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL);
        SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));

        SET @__interval = 1;
        create_loop: LOOP
        IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN
    LEAVE create_loop;
        END IF;

        SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600);
        SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
        IF(PARTITION_NAME != OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN
    CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP);
        END IF;
        SET @__interval=@__interval+1;
        SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME;
        END LOOP;

        SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000');
        CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);

END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11))
BEGIN
        DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE RETROWS INT(11);
        DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;

        /*
         * Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME.
         */
        SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
        FROM information_schema.partitions
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;

        /*
         * If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table
         */
        IF RETROWS = 1 THEN
        /*
         * Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it.  This is the timestamp below which we will store values.
         * We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day.  This is because we don't want to generate a random partition
         * that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could
         * end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000").
         */
        SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00'));
        SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');

        -- Create the partitioning query
        SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)");
        SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");

        -- Run the partitioning query
        PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL;
        EXECUTE STMT;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
        END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;

DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_maintenance_all`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32))
BEGIN
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 7, 24, 7);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_log', 7, 24, 7);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_str', 7, 24, 7);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_text', 7, 24, 7);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_uint', 30, 24, 7);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends', 730, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends_uint', 730, 24, 14);
END$$
DELIMITER ;

3）导入存储过程到zabbix库中

[root@172-21-3-218 zabbix]#mysql  -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix  < partition.sql

4）执行存储过程

# 数据量大的话初次执行使用nohup 放在后台
# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix')" &> /root/partition.log

5）完成后查看表结构出现多个PARTITION表示分区创建成功

mysql> show create table history\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: history
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `history` (
  `itemid` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `clock` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `value` double(16,4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.0000',
  `ns` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  KEY `history_1` (`itemid`,`clock`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (`clock`)
(PARTITION p202010130000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602604800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010140000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602691200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010150000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602777600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010160000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602864000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010170000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602950400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010180000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603036800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010190000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603123200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010200000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603209600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010210000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603296000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010220000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603382400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010230000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603468800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010240000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603555200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010250000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603641600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p202010260000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603728000) ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

6）编写脚本加计划任务自动执行

# cat partition.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
tmpfile=/tmp/partition_$$
/bin/date > $tmpfile
/bin/mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');" >>$tmpfile 2>&1
/bin/rm -f $tmpfile

7）加入crontab计划任务

8）完成后要关闭zabbix 管家中的历史和趋势：

web界面选择 管理——> 一般 ——> 管家 ，去掉历史数据和趋势的勾选