1 server - n clients 模型实现（select）
拓扑结构：
各个客户端创建读写管道，通过“上下线信息管道”向服务器发送上下线信息和读写管道名称。服务器接受信息，修改链表（存储客户端信息）。客户端、服务器打开读写管道，服务器通过“W”管道接收从客户端发来的信息，在根据链表同个其他各个“R”管道向其他客户端发送信息。
具体流程：
1、建立上下线信息管道
服务器：
mkfifo(path_name, );// 创建管道 —— 专用于接收客户端上下线信息
printf("mkfifo over!\n");
fd_listen = open(path_name, O_RDONLY);
if(fd_listen == -)
{
printf("open server_fifo fail!\n");
exit();
}
客户端：
//打开上下线管道
int fd_server ;
char path_name[]="";
char fifo_name[] ;
char msg[] ="" ;
char fifo1[], fifo2[] ;
int fd_recv, fd_send ;
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, PIPE_NAME); fd_server = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);
if(fd_server == -)
{
printf("open fail!\n");
exit() ;
}
2、客户端建立读写管道
// 建造读写管道 pid_r.fifo pid_w.fifo
//
memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); strcpy(fifo1, path_name);
if(- == mkfifo(path_name, ) )
{
printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name);
exit() ;
} printf("%s open\n", path_name); memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); strcpy(fifo2, path_name);
if(mkfifo(path_name, ) == - )
{ printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name);
exit() ;
}
printf("%s open\n", path_name); printf("mkfifo over!\n");
3、上线处理
客户端发送上线信息：
//发送上线信息
sprintf(msg, "%u on\n", getpid());
printf("msg: %s\n", msg);
write(fd_server, msg, strlen(msg));
服务器监听到后处理：
// 读写是针对客户端而言的： pid_r.fifo(c_r - s_w) pid_w.fifo(c_w - s_r)
printf("client: %d on\n", client_pid);
//pid_r.fifo s_w
//构建管道名字符串
memset(fifo_name, , ) ;
sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_r.fifo", client_pid);
memset(path_name, , ) ;
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); //新增链表节点
pnew = (pCLIENT)calloc(, sizeof(CLIENT));
pnew ->m_id = client_pid ;
printf("pid_r.fifo: %s\n", path_name);
pnew ->m_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);
printf("send_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_send); //打开“W”管道 pid_w.fifo s_r
memset(fifo_name, , ) ;
sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_w.fifo", client_pid);
memset(path_name, , ) ;
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); printf("pid_w.fifo: %s\n", path_name);
pnew ->m_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY);
printf("recv_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_recv);
printf("open client fifo: %d, %d\n", pnew ->m_send, pnew ->m_recv); FD_SET(pnew ->m_recv, &rd_sets);//把pid_w.fifo 句柄 加到读集合中去 主要：更新的是读集合，而不是副本集合 pnew ->m_next = plist ; //插入链表
plist = pnew ;
客户端也打开管道：
memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); fd_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY); memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); fd_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY); printf("fifo open %d %d\n", fd_send, fd_recv);
4、客户端、服务器对通信信息处理
客户端监听到键盘的输入信息，则转发给服务器：
if(FD_ISSET(, &rd_sets))
{
memset(msg, , sizeof(msg)) ;
sprintf(msg, "from %u: ", getpid());
write(fd_send, msg, strlen(msg)); }
客户端监听服务器发来的信息，并打印：
if(FD_ISSET(fd_recv, &rd_sets))
{
memset(msg, , sizeof(msg)) ;
read(fd_recv, msg, );
write(, msg, strlen(msg));
}
服务器监听到客户端发来的信息，根据链表内客户端的信息，进行转发：
//2、遍历链表，监听其他的管道文件（用于服务器和客户端通信）句柄
pcur = plist ;
while(pcur)
{
if(FD_ISSET(pcur ->m_recv, &bak_sets))// translate
{
memset(msg, , );
read(pcur -> m_recv, msg, ); dispatch_msg(plist,pcur, msg);
}
pcur = pcur ->m_next ;
}
void dispatch_msg(pCLIENT phead,pCLIENT pcur, char* msg)
{
while(phead)
{
if(phead!=pcur)
write(phead ->m_send, msg, strlen(msg));
phead = phead ->m_next ;
}
}
完整代码
server：
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<sys/select.h>
#include<sys/time.h>
#define PIPE_PATH "/home/soso/Desktop/2-17/FIFO"
#define PIPE_NAME "server.fifo"
typedef struct tag
{
int m_id ;
int m_send;
int m_recv;
struct tag* m_next ;
}CLIENT, *pCLIENT; void dispatch_msg(pCLIENT phead,pCLIENT pcur, char* msg)
{
while(phead)
{
if(phead!=pcur)
write(phead ->m_send, msg, strlen(msg));
phead = phead ->m_next ;
}
} int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int fd_listen ; //文件句柄
char path_name[] = "" ;
char fifo_name[] ;
char msg[]; char client_stat[] = "";//客户端状态
int client_pid ; // 客户端进程ID
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, PIPE_NAME);//路径名 = 路径/管道名 mkfifo(path_name, );// 创建管道 —— 专用于接收客户端上下线信息 printf("mkfifo over!\n"); fd_listen = open(path_name, O_RDONLY);
if(fd_listen == -)
{
printf("open server_fifo fail!\n");
exit();
} pCLIENT plist = NULL, pcur, pnew, ppre ; fd_set rd_sets, bak_sets; //读集合 和 备份读集合
FD_ZERO(&rd_sets);//初始化清空
FD_ZERO(&bak_sets);
FD_SET(fd_listen, &rd_sets); //将fd_listen句柄 加入到 读集合
while()
{
bak_sets = rd_sets ;//每次循环更新副本集合
printf("selecting...\n");
select(, &bak_sets, NULL, NULL, NULL);//监听集合 //1、监听fd_listen 管道文件句柄（专用于服务器接收客户端上下线信息）
if(FD_ISSET(fd_listen, &bak_sets)) //若监听到 fd_listen
{
memset(msg,, );
if( read(fd_listen, msg, ) == ) //读取管道信息；但没有客户端 write的时候，read的返回值是0
{
printf("no clients!\n");
continue ;
} memset(client_stat, , sizeof(client_stat));
sscanf(msg, "%d%s", &client_pid, client_stat);//信息格式：“client_pid client_stat\n”
if(strncmp("on", client_stat, ) == )//client on"pid on\n"
{// 读写是针对客户端而言的： pid_r.fifo(c_r - s_w) pid_w.fifo(c_w - s_r)
printf("client: %d on\n", client_pid);
//pid_r.fifo s_w
//构建管道名字符串
memset(fifo_name, , ) ;
sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_r.fifo", client_pid);
memset(path_name, , ) ;
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); //新增链表节点
pnew = (pCLIENT)calloc(, sizeof(CLIENT));
pnew ->m_id = client_pid ;
printf("pid_r.fifo: %s\n", path_name);
pnew ->m_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);
printf("send_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_send); //pid_w.fifo s_r
memset(fifo_name, , ) ;
sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_w.fifo", client_pid);
memset(path_name, , ) ;
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); printf("pid_w.fifo: %s\n", path_name);
pnew ->m_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY);
printf("recv_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_recv);
printf("open client fifo: %d, %d\n", pnew ->m_send, pnew ->m_recv); FD_SET(pnew ->m_recv, &rd_sets);//把pid_w.fifo 句柄 加到读集合中去 主要：更新的是读集合，而不是副本集合 pnew ->m_next = plist ; //插入链表
plist = pnew ; }else//client off "pid off\n"
{
printf("client: %d off\n", client_pid);
ppre = NULL ;//前驱指针
pcur = plist ;
while(pcur && pcur ->m_id != client_pid) //遍历到该客户端PID
{
ppre = pcur ;
pcur = pcur ->m_next ;
} if(pcur == NULL)
{
printf("not exist!\n");
continue ;
}else
{
//删除节点
if(ppre == NULL)
{
plist = pcur ->m_next ;
}else
{
ppre ->m_next = pcur ->m_next ;
} //关闭文件
close(pcur ->m_send) ;
close(pcur ->m_recv) ; //把 pcur ->m_recv 从读集合中删除
FD_CLR(pcur ->m_recv, &rd_sets); free(pcur); //释放内存
printf("clear ok !\n"); }
}
} //2、遍历链表，监听其他的管道文件（用于服务器和客户端通信）句柄
pcur = plist ;
while(pcur)
{
if(FD_ISSET(pcur ->m_recv, &bak_sets))// translate
{
memset(msg, , );
read(pcur -> m_recv, msg, ); dispatch_msg(plist,pcur, msg);
}
pcur = pcur ->m_next ;
}
}
return ;
}
client：
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<sys/select.h>
#include<sys/time.h>
#define PIPE_PATH "/home/soso/Desktop/2-17/FIFO"
#define PIPE_NAME "server.fifo"
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//1、向服务器通知上线下线信息 //打开上下线管道
int fd_server ;
char path_name[]="";
char fifo_name[] ;
char msg[] ="" ;
char fifo1[], fifo2[] ;
int fd_recv, fd_send ;
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, PIPE_NAME); fd_server = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);
if(fd_server == -)
{
printf("open fail!\n");
exit() ;
} // 建造读写管道 pid_r.fifo pid_w.fifo
//
memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); strcpy(fifo1, path_name);
if(- == mkfifo(path_name, ) )
{
printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name);
exit() ;
} printf("%s open\n", path_name); memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); strcpy(fifo2, path_name);
if(mkfifo(path_name, ) == - )
{ printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name);
exit() ;
}
printf("%s open\n", path_name); printf("mkfifo over!\n"); //发送上线信息
sprintf(msg, "%u on\n", getpid());
printf("msg: %s\n", msg); write(fd_server, msg, strlen(msg)); //
memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); fd_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY); memset(fifo_name, , );
sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid());
memset(path_name, , sizeof(path_name));
sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); fd_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY); printf("fifo open %d %d\n", fd_send, fd_recv); fd_set rd_sets ;
FD_ZERO(&rd_sets);
while()
{
FD_SET(, &rd_sets);
FD_SET(fd_recv, &rd_sets); select(, &rd_sets, NULL, NULL, NULL); if(FD_ISSET(, &rd_sets))
{
memset(msg, , sizeof(msg)) ;
sprintf(msg, "from %u: ", getpid());
if(read(, msg + strlen(msg), - strlen(msg) ) == )
{
printf("off!\n");
memset(msg, , sizeof(msg));
sprintf(msg, "%d off\n", getpid());
write(fd_server, msg, strlen(msg)); close(fd_send);
close(fd_recv); unlink(fifo1);
unlink(fifo2);
break ;
}
write(fd_send, msg, strlen(msg)); }
if(FD_ISSET(fd_recv, &rd_sets))
{
memset(msg, , sizeof(msg)) ;
read(fd_recv, msg, );
write(, msg, strlen(msg));
}
}
}
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