Git学习-->关于Jenkins编译时候，如何获取Git分支的当前分支名？

一、背景

因为代码都迁移到了Gitlab，所以Jenkins编译的时候我们都需要将之前的SVN信息换成现在的Git信息。最近编译一个Lib库的时候，因为团队规定上传Release版本的AAR到Maven的话，必须需要在Jenkins上编译而且Git Branch 必须是master分支才能够上传到Maven。

因此我们就需要在Gradle脚本中，获取Git Branch ,Git Commit等相关信息。但是在获取Git Branch的时候出现了问题，在本地Android Studio编译的时候能够获取到Git Branch的名字，但是使用Jenkins编译的时候，一直获取不到信息。

下面是我写的一份gradle文件，用于获取Git和Jenkins的相关信息

/**
 * 获取Git 分支名
 */
def getGitBranch() {
    return 'git symbolic-ref --short -q HEAD'.execute().text.trim()
}

/**
 * 获取Git 版本号
 */
def getGitSHA() {
    return 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.execute().text.trim()
}

/**
 * 获取Git Tag
 */
def getGitTag() {
    return 'git describe --tags'.execute([], project.rootDir).text.trim()
}

/**
 * 获取Git 提交次数
 */
def getGitCommitCount() {
    return 100 + Interger.parse('git rev-list --count HEAD'.execute([], project.rootDir).text.trim())
}

/**
 * 判断是否有jenkins
 */
boolean isInJenkins() {
    Map<String, String> map = System.getenv()
    if (map == null) {
        return false
    }
    String str = map.get("Path")
    if (str != null) {
        //it's windows
        return false
    } else {
        str = ""
        Iterator it = map.iterator()
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            str += it.next()
        }
        return str.contains("jenkins")
    }
}
/**
 * 获取jenkins任务名
 */
def getJenkinsName() {
    boolean flag = isInJenkins()
    if (flag) {
        ext.env = System.getenv()
        ext.name = env.JOB_URL
        String[] stringArray = ext.name.split("/")
        if (stringArray.length > 0) {
            return stringArray[stringArray.length - 1]
        } else {
            return "Local"
        }
    } else {
        return "Local"
    }
}

/**
 * 获取Jenkins Build 号
 * @return
 */
def getJenkinsBuildCode() {
    boolean flag = isInJenkins()
    if (flag) {
        ext.env = System.getenv()
        ext.buildNumber = env.BUILD_NUMBER?.toInteger()
        return "$buildNumber"
    } else {
        return 0
    }
}

/**
 * 定义几个变量，在build.gradle里面引用
 */
ext {
    gitTag = getGitTag()
    gitBranch = getGitBranch()
    gitSHA = getGitSHA()
    jenkinsRevision = getJenkinsBuildCode()
    jenkinsName = getJenkinsName()
}

其中的方法，getGitBranch方法在Android Studio编译的时候，能够正常获取到Git分支名。

    println "pom_version_type = " + pom_version_type
    println "jenkinsName = " + jenkinsName
    println "gitBranch = " + gitBranch

我在进行编译的时候，是会通过如上代码打印出Git Branch的信息。

在Android Studio 本地编译的时候，是可以打印出相关的信息的。

但是在Jenkins编译的时候，是不能够上传的，如下所示：

二、解决方法

后来我尝试找了很多种方法去获取Git Branch的名字，在Android Studio本地都可以获取到，如下所示：

参考链接：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6245570/how-to-get-the-current-branch-name-in-git

方法1、git symbolic-ref --short -q HEAD

D:\GitLab Source\XTCLint>git symbolic-ref --short -q HEAD
master

D:\GitLab Source\XTCLint>

方法2、git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD

D:\GitLab Source\XTCLint>git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD
master

方法3、git branch | grep \* | cut -d ' ' -f2

D:\GitLab Source\XTCLint>git branch | grep \* | cut -d ' ' -f2
master

方法4、git symbolic-ref HEAD | sed -e "s/^refs\/heads\///"

D:\GitLab Source\XTCLint>git symbolic-ref HEAD | sed -e "s/^refs\/heads\///"
master

以上所有的方法，仅仅在Android Studio的终端或者本地gradle代码中有效，然而在Jenkins服务器编译的时候都是获取为空。

后来我查看了Jenkins的Git插件上的介绍，参考链接：https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Git+Plugin

如上所示，在上面的链接中有介绍，有几个Environment variables环境变量可以使用。

Environment variables

The git plugin sets several environment variables you can use in your scripts:

• GIT_COMMIT - SHA of the current
• GIT_BRANCH - Name of the remote repository (defaults to origin), followed by name of the branch currently being used, e.g. “origin/master” or “origin/foo”
• GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH - Name of the branch on Jenkins. When the “checkout to specific local branch” behavior is configured, the variable is published. If the behavior is configured as null or **, the property will contain the resulting local branch name sans the remote name.
• GIT_PREVIOUS_COMMIT - SHA of the previous built commit from the same branch (the current SHA on first build in branch)
• GIT_PREVIOUS_SUCCESSFUL_COMMIT - SHA of the previous successfully built commit from the same branch.
• GIT_URL - Repository remote URL
• GIT_URL_N - Repository remote URLs when there are more than 1 remotes, e.g. GIT_URL_1, GIT_URL_2
• GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and GIT_COMMITTER_NAME - The name entered if the “Custom user name/e-mail address” behaviour is enabled; falls back to the value entered in the Jenkins system config under “Global Config user.name Value” (if any)
• GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL - The email entered if the “Custom user name/e-mail address” behaviour is enabled; falls back to the value entered in the Jenkins system config under “Global Config user.email Value” (if any)

然后我将这几个变量，在一个app的Jenkins任务中，编译完成后的邮件内容中添加了这几个变量的内容，如下所示：

在构建后的操作中，Editable Email Notification的邮件通知中，将邮件内容改为如下所示的代码。

$DEFAULT_CONTENT

<br />
<font color="#0B610B">单元测试</font>
  <li>Launcher单元测试报告&nbsp;：<a href="${BUILD_URL}testReport">点击查看测试报告</a></li>
  <li>Launcher代码覆盖率&nbsp;：<a href="${BUILD_URL}jacoco">点击查看代码覆盖率</a></li>
  <li>Launcher Android Lint&nbsp;：<a href="${BUILD_URL}androidLintResult">点击查看Android Lint</a></li>

<br />
 <li>GIT_COMMIT&nbsp;：${GIT_COMMIT}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_BRANCH&nbsp;：${GIT_BRANCH}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH&nbsp;：${GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_PREVIOUS_COMMIT&nbsp;：${GIT_PREVIOUS_COMMIT}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_PREVIOUS_SUCCESSFUL_COMMIT&nbsp;：${GIT_PREVIOUS_SUCCESSFUL_COMMIT}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_URL&nbsp;：${GIT_URL}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_URL_N&nbsp;：${GIT_URL_N}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_AUTHOR_NAME&nbsp;：${GIT_AUTHOR_NAME}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_COMMITTER_NAME&nbsp;：${GIT_COMMITTER_NAME}</a></li>
 <li>GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL&nbsp;：${GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL}</a></li>
 <li> GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL&nbsp;：${ GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL}</a></li>

这样编译完后，收到的邮件内容如下：

如上所示，收到的邮件内容包含了Git的相关信息：

GIT_COMMIT ：118fa74e6a09c8c5ae713523692add256bfa6afb
GIT_BRANCH ：origin/feature/UseByAnonymousDBMigrateAndApiChange
GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH ：${GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH}
GIT_PREVIOUS_COMMIT ：118fa74e6a09c8c5ae713523692add256bfa6afb
GIT_PREVIOUS_SUCCESSFUL_COMMIT ：118fa74e6a09c8c5ae713523692add256bfa6afb
GIT_URL ：git@172.28.1.116:Android/WatchApp/Third/NetEaseCloudMusic.git
GIT_URL_N ：${GIT_URL_N}
GIT_AUTHOR_NAME ：${GIT_AUTHOR_NAME}
GIT_COMMITTER_NAME ：${GIT_COMMITTER_NAME}
GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL ：${GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL}
GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL ：${ GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL}

其中，GIT_BRANCH这个环境变量的值为origin/feature/UseByAnonymousDBMigrateAndApiChange，代表Jenkins上/UseByAnonymousDBMigrateAndApiChange分支远程Gitlab上该分支映射的远程分支。因此我们可以对GIT_BRANCH这个环境变量做做文章。

将之前gradle脚本中的getGitBranch方法，做如下修改，区分编译环境是Jenkins还是本地。环境不同，运行不同的脚本获取Git Branch的名字。当处于Jenkins环境的时候，先通过GIT_BRANCH这个环境变量获取到Jenkins拉下来的分支对应的远程分支，然后通过字符串分离，获取到分支名。

/**
 * 获取Git 分支名
 *
 *参考Jenkins git 创建文档： https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Git+Plugin
 *   Environment variables

 The git plugin sets several environment variables you can use in your scripts:

 GIT_COMMIT - SHA of the current
 GIT_BRANCH - Name of the remote repository (defaults to origin), followed by name of the branch currently being used, e.g. "origin/master" or "origin/foo"
 GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH - Name of the branch on Jenkins. When the "checkout to specific local branch" behavior is configured, the variable is published.  If the behavior is configured as null or **, the property will contain the resulting local branch name sans the remote name.
 GIT_PREVIOUS_COMMIT - SHA of the previous built commit from the same branch (the current SHA on first build in branch)
 GIT_PREVIOUS_SUCCESSFUL_COMMIT - SHA of the previous successfully built commit from the same branch.
 GIT_URL - Repository remote URL
 GIT_URL_N - Repository remote URLs when there are more than 1 remotes, e.g. GIT_URL_1, GIT_URL_2
 GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and GIT_COMMITTER_NAME - The name entered if the "Custom user name/e-mail address" behaviour is enabled; falls back to the value entered in the Jenkins system config under "Global Config user.name Value" (if any)
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL - The email entered if the "Custom user name/e-mail address" behaviour is enabled; falls back to the value entered in the Jenkins system config under "Global Config user.email Value" (if any)
 *
 *
 */
def getGitBranch() {
    //判断是否处于Jenkins编译环境
    boolean flag = isInJenkins()
    if (flag) {
        ext.env = System.getenv()
        ext.gitBranch = env.GIT_BRANCH
        String[] stringArray = ext.gitBranch.split("/")
        if (stringArray.length > 0) {
            return stringArray[stringArray.length - 1]
        } else {
            return "UnKnown Branch"
        }
    } else {
        return 'git symbolic-ref --short -q HEAD'.execute().text.trim()
    }
}

完整代码如下所示：

/**
 * 获取Git 分支名
 *
 *参考Jenkins git 创建文档： https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Git+Plugin
 *   Environment variables

 The git plugin sets several environment variables you can use in your scripts:

 GIT_COMMIT - SHA of the current
 GIT_BRANCH - Name of the remote repository (defaults to origin), followed by name of the branch currently being used, e.g. "origin/master" or "origin/foo"
 GIT_LOCAL_BRANCH - Name of the branch on Jenkins. When the "checkout to specific local branch" behavior is configured, the variable is published.  If the behavior is configured as null or **, the property will contain the resulting local branch name sans the remote name.
 GIT_PREVIOUS_COMMIT - SHA of the previous built commit from the same branch (the current SHA on first build in branch)
 GIT_PREVIOUS_SUCCESSFUL_COMMIT - SHA of the previous successfully built commit from the same branch.
 GIT_URL - Repository remote URL
 GIT_URL_N - Repository remote URLs when there are more than 1 remotes, e.g. GIT_URL_1, GIT_URL_2
 GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and GIT_COMMITTER_NAME - The name entered if the "Custom user name/e-mail address" behaviour is enabled; falls back to the value entered in the Jenkins system config under "Global Config user.name Value" (if any)
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL - The email entered if the "Custom user name/e-mail address" behaviour is enabled; falls back to the value entered in the Jenkins system config under "Global Config user.email Value" (if any)
 *
 *
 */
def getGitBranch() {
    //判断是否处于Jenkins编译环境
    boolean flag = isInJenkins()
    if (flag) {
        ext.env = System.getenv()
        ext.gitBranch = env.GIT_BRANCH
        String[] stringArray = ext.gitBranch.split("/")
        if (stringArray.length > 0) {
            return stringArray[stringArray.length - 1]
        } else {
            return "UnKnown Branch"
        }
    } else {
        return 'git symbolic-ref --short -q HEAD'.execute().text.trim()
    }
}

/**
 * 获取Git 版本号
 */
def getGitSHA() {
    return 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.execute().text.trim()
}

/**
 * 获取Git Tag
 */
def getGitTag() {
    return 'git describe --tags'.execute([], project.rootDir).text.trim()
}

/**
 * 获取Git 提交次数
 */
def getGitCommitCount() {
    return 100 + Interger.parse('git rev-list --count HEAD'.execute([], project.rootDir).text.trim())
}

/**
 * 判断是否有jenkins
 */
boolean isInJenkins() {
    Map<String, String> map = System.getenv()
    if (map == null) {
        return false
    }
    String str = map.get("Path")
    if (str != null) {
        //it's windows
        return false
    } else {
        str = ""
        Iterator it = map.iterator()
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            str += it.next()
        }
        return str.contains("jenkins")
    }
}
/**
 * 获取jenkins任务名
 */
def getJenkinsName() {
    boolean flag = isInJenkins()
    if (flag) {
        ext.env = System.getenv()
        ext.name = env.JOB_URL
        String[] stringArray = ext.name.split("/")
        if (stringArray.length > 0) {
            return stringArray[stringArray.length - 1]
        } else {
            return "Local"
        }
    } else {
        return "Local"
    }
}

/**
 * 获取Jenkins Build 号
 * @return
 */
def getJenkinsBuildCode() {
    boolean flag = isInJenkins()
    if (flag) {
        ext.env = System.getenv()
        ext.buildNumber = env.BUILD_NUMBER?.toInteger()
        return "$buildNumber"
    } else {
        return 0
    }
}

/**
 * 定义几个变量，在build.gradle里面引用
 */
ext {
    gitTag = getGitTag()
    gitBranch = getGitBranch()
    gitSHA = getGitSHA()
    jenkinsRevision = getJenkinsBuildCode()
    jenkinsName = getJenkinsName()
}

现在测试下Jenkins编译是否正常，可以看到一切都正常了。

参考链接

• https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Git+Plugin
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6245570/how-to-get-the-current-branch-name-in-git

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作者：欧阳鹏 欢迎转载，与人分享是进步的源泉！

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