skywalking学习之路---skywalking环境从零搭建部署

介绍

SkyWalking项目是由华为大牛吴晟开源的个人项目，目前已经加入Apache孵化器。SkyWalking项目的核心目标是针对微服务、Cloud Native、容器化架构提供应用性能监控和分布式调用链追踪功能，目前链路追踪和监控应用支持的组件包括主流框架和容器，如dubbo、motan、spring boot、spring cloud等。

整体架构如下图示：

整体主要分为三个部分:

1.skywalking-collector：链路数据归集器，数据可以保存在H2或ElasticSearch

2.skywalking-web：web的可视化管理后台，可以查看归集的数据

3.skywalking-agent：探针，用来收集和推送数据到归集器

环境搭建

接下来就从零开始搭建一套skywalking环境

第一步：安装Elasticsearch

1.下载Elasticsearch

curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.6.10.tar.gz

2.解压压缩包

tar -vxf elasticsearch-5.6.10.tar.gz

3.配置elasticsearch参数

cd /elasticsearch-5.6.10/config

vim elasticsearch.yml

设置参数：

cluster.name: CollectorDBCluster

node.name: CollectorDBCluster

network.host: 127.0.0.1

4.启动ElasticSearch

./bin/elasticsearch

发现启动失败，提示报错

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)
#
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# An error report file with more information is saved as:
# /home/elasticsearch-5.6.10/hs_err_pid1738.log

查询资料发现是jvm内存设置问题，继续修改参数配置。

cd config

vim jvm.options

设置参数 -Xms4g 和 -Xmx4g  将-Xms2g和-Xmx2g注释 如下图示

再重新启动elasticsearch，发现再次启动失败，错误信息为：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: don't run elasticsearch as root.
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:93)
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:144)
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:285)
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:35)
        Refer to the log for complete error details.

原因是Elasticsearch是不允许使用root账户启动，所以需要切换到其他用户再启动，最终elasticsearch启动成功。

[2019-03-26T23:40:37,583][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [] initializing ...
[2019-03-26T23:40:37,677][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [5DFSDCK] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (/dev/disk1s1)]], net usable_space [187.5gb], net total_space [233.4gb], spins? [unknown], types [apfs]
[2019-03-26T23:40:37,678][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [5DFSDCK] heap size [1.9gb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2019-03-26T23:40:37,679][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] node name [5DFSDCK] derived from node ID [5DFSDCK_QhibMsJg734Ysg]; set [node.name] to override
[2019-03-26T23:40:37,679][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] version[5.6.10], pid[22167], build[b727a60/2018-06-06T15:48:34.860Z], OS[Mac OS X/10.13.6/x86_64], JVM[Oracle Corporation/Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM/1.8.0_191/25.191-b12]
[2019-03-26T23:40:37,679][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] JVM arguments [-Xms2g, -Xmx2g, -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75, -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly, -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch, -Xss1m, -Djava.awt.headless=true, -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, -Djna.nosys=true, -Djdk.io.permissionsUseCanonicalPath=true, -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true, -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true, -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0, -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false, -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true, -Dlog4j.skipJansi=true, -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, -Des.path.home=/Users/xingwuxu/tools/elasticsearch-5.6.10]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [aggs-matrix-stats]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [ingest-common]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [lang-expression]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [lang-groovy]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [lang-mustache]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [lang-painless]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [parent-join]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [percolator]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [reindex]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,317][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [transport-netty3]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,318][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] loaded module [transport-netty4]
[2019-03-26T23:40:38,318][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [5DFSDCK] no plugins loaded
[2019-03-26T23:40:39,595][INFO ][o.e.d.DiscoveryModule    ] [5DFSDCK] using discovery type [zen]
[2019-03-26T23:40:39,976][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] initialized
[2019-03-26T23:40:39,976][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [5DFSDCK] starting ...
[2019-03-26T23:40:40,167][INFO ][o.e.t.TransportService   ] [5DFSDCK] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9300}, bound_addresses {[::1]:9300}, {127.0.0.1:9300}
[2019-03-26T23:40:43,226][INFO ][o.e.c.s.ClusterService   ] [5DFSDCK] new_master {5DFSDCK}{5DFSDCK_QhibMsJg734Ysg}{PFrWZNI9RHWNAneytiifdA}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300}, reason: zen-disco-elected-as-master ([0] nodes joined)[, ]
[2019-03-26T23:40:43,242][INFO ][o.e.h.n.Netty4HttpServerTransport] [5DFSDCK] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9200}, bound_addresses {[::1]:9200}, {127.0.0.1:9200}
[2019-03-26T23:40:43,243][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [5DFSDCK] started
[2019-03-26T23:40:43,248][INFO ][o.e.g.GatewayService     ] [5DFSDCK] recovered [0] indices into cluster_state

ElasticSearch启动成功，监听9200端口，此时在浏览器打开127.0.0.1:9200即可看到ElasticSearch的基本信息

第二步：安装skywalking

第一步：下载skywalking

curl -L -O https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/incubator/skywalking/6.0.0-GA/apache-skywalking-apm-incubating-6.0.0-GA.tar.gz

第二步：解压压缩包

tar -vxf -vxf

第三步：修改配置文件,将数据存储h2配置注射，并取消es的注释

storage:
#  h2:
#    driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}
#    url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}
#    user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}
  elasticsearch:
    # nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:9200}
    indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:2}
    indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:0}

第四步：启动skywalking，执行bin目录下的start.sh命令

./start.sh

日志打印：

SkyWalking OAP started successfully!
SkyWalking Web Application started successfully!

skywalking启动成功，打开浏览器，在浏览器中输入地址localhost:8080会显示如下界面

skywalking后台默认登陆用户密码为：admin/admin,登陆之后界面为：

至此skywalking的基本环境搭建已完成，接下来就在实践中看看skywalking具体都有哪些功能及具体该怎么用？