使用Docker安装Mysql

最近使用阿里云服务器，学习一下Docker，今天学着使用Docker安装MySQL。

首先，从阿里云的Docker Hub 上pull一个MySQL的image.

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from acs-sample/mysql
d4bce7fd68df: Pull complete
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete
01588229585e: Pull complete
ada32b818a1a: Pull complete
ac7528e308ac: Pull complete
44e3fb8779c7: Pull complete
bfcca86efc6a: Pull complete
32da415dff2e: Pull complete
aae6d9712a36: Pull complete
3148136ce9cc: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:32ff2f404c3bd199aaec2e6d19d91d59673e40d7394732124f91dd72a2e1ed97
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7

查看下载镜像，就会看到已经有了

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker images
REPOSITORY                                           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
test/ubuntu                                          v1.                523e7db0e264         minutes ago      .3MB
ubuntu                                               latest              dd6f76d9cc90         days ago          122MB
hello-world                                          latest              725dcfab7d63         days ago          .84kB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql   5.7                 ec7e75e5260c         months ago       360MB

名字太长，修改为短的tag

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7 mysql:5.7
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker images
REPOSITORY                                           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
test/ubuntu                                          v1.                523e7db0e264         minutes ago      .3MB
ubuntu                                               latest              dd6f76d9cc90         days ago          122MB
hello-world                                          latest              725dcfab7d63         days ago          .84kB
mysql                                                5.7                 ec7e75e5260c         months ago       360MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql   5.7                 ec7e75e5260c         months ago       360MB

根据镜像创建容器

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker create -it mysql:5.7
62c975b37ad25b03914eb61e05088019f37ff9cb049a682ac02f20fac1761a4d

启动MySQL容器

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p :  mysql:5.7
2a7a85124400be6fd47e0d97cf5d602456b1db1a11c6331747fe662481eea537
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
2a7a85124400        mysql:5.7           "/entrypoint.sh my..."    seconds ago       Up  seconds        0.0.0.0:->/tcp   mysqlserver
188099665d1e        ubuntu:latest       "/bin/bash"               hours ago        Up  hours                                  angry_spence

进入MySQL终端

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker exec -it  2a7a85124400  /bin/bash
root@2a7a85124400:/# mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7. MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

3.访问Mysql数据库
由于我们在上面使用了-p参数映射了容器的3306端口到宿主机的3306端口，此时我们可以直接访问宿主机的3306端口来访问Docker中的mysql服务
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p 

其中，mysql 报错，我就在本机重新安装mysql，参照阿里云教程。

但是启动mysql时报错

[root@loovelj support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [FAILED]cal/mysql/data/liujun.pid).

经过查询，发现已经有一个运行的mysql。关闭后再重启

[root@liujun support-files]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root          : pts/    :: grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@liujun support-files]# kill -
bash: kill: () - No such process
[root@liujun support-files]# kill -
Killed
[root@liujun mysql]#  /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. 

再执行mysql时，发现还是报错，查询原因是启动项不在/usr/bin下面。

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin　做个链接即可

后来发现环境变量修改了，但是好像没有保存好，mysqladmin 命令还是不能用，所以又重新保存环境变量

[centos@liujun ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile

#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin
#添加以下列
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
#:wq 保存退出
[centos@liujun ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile

再次运行（第二天再次尝试的，上次的容器已经退出了）docker run

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p :  mysql:5.7
0cc2009d1d367903a0d4e47a6e69af1bc41e409e194a231b6dd1193cc27bf716
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysqlserver (4e7ecdbc87918be626ac8920214ed76386784c83b572f5cd5d3ff0d46d453bb6): Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:: bind: address already in use.

发现已经存在这个容器，只好删除了重新建立容器

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker rm mysqlserver
mysqlserver
[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p :  mysql:5.7
9455dbd9c9128e51eee84c29d356fb5dff8d31762179ec2585c563ead08ad413

按照教程，通过mysql 远程连接就好了，但是说端口已经占有，估计是自己的mysql打开了，关闭本机的mysql

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p :  mysql:5.7
0cc2009d1d367903a0d4e47a6e69af1bc41e409e194a231b6dd1193cc27bf716
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysqlserver 
(4e7ecdbc87918be626ac8920214ed76386784c83b572f5cd5d3ff0d46d453bb6): Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:: bind: address already in use.

[centos@liujun ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
[sudo] password for centos:
sudo: /etc/init.d/mysql: command not found
[centos@liujun ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL..                                      [  OK  ]

最后再执行连接

[centos@liujun ~]$ mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7. MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

成功！

参考：

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7f2ac7b70102vpyl.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/xiohao/p/5377609.html

https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/50774.html

关于IP的设置

https://severalnines.com/blog/mysql-docker-containers-understanding-basics