MySQL 数据同步至 S3file，并接入 Hive 访问：SeaTunnel 实践指南

作者 | 番兄

如何借助 Apache SeaTunnel 将 MySQL 数据高效同步至 S3file？本文详述的步骤已全部通过测试验证，适用于构建基于对象存储的数据中台场景，具备部署灵活、扩展性强等优势，对有 MySQL 到 S3 数据集成需求的用户具有较高的参考价值，点赞、收藏学习吧！

第一步：创建Hive表

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE ods_ekp.`ods_sys_notify_todo_bak` (
  `fd_id` STRING,
  `fd_app_name` STRING,
  `fd_model_name` STRING,
  `fd_model_id` STRING,
  `fd_key` STRING,
  `fd_parameter1` STRING,
  `fd_parameter2` STRING,
  `fd_create_time` TIMESTAMP,
  `fd_subject` STRING,
  `fd_type` INT,
  `fd_link` STRING,
  `fd_mobile_link` STRING,
  `fd_pad_link` STRING,
  `fd_bundle` STRING,
  `fd_replace_text` STRING,
  `fd_md5` STRING,
  `fd_del_flag` STRING,
  `fd_level` INT,
  `doc_creator_id` STRING,
  `fd_extend_content` STRING,
  `fd_lang` STRING,
  `fd_cate_name` STRING,
  `fd_cate_id` STRING,
  `fd_template_name` STRING,
  `fd_template_id` STRING,
  `fd_hierarchy_id` STRING
)
COMMENT 'sys_notify_todo_bak data'
PARTITIONED BY (
  `dctime` STRING COMMENT '分区年月日'
)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\001'
STORED AS PARQUET
LOCATION 's3a://seatunnel/doris/warehouse/ods_ekp/ods_sys_notify_todo_bak'
TBLPROPERTIES (
  'parquet.compression'='ZSTD'
);

注意：

1. ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\001' 这个分隔符设置需要在后面SeaTunnel里面配置一样的，不然格式错误;
2. 'parquet.compression'='ZSTD' 压缩算法也是需要在后面SeaTunnel里面配置一样的;
3. STORED AS PARQUET parquet文件格式，也是需要在后面SeaTunnel里面配置一样的.

是用之前把注释删除

env {
  job.mode = "BATCH"
  parallelism = 2
}

source {
    Jdbc {
        url = "jdbc:mysql://[服务器ip]:3306/[数据库]?serverTimezone=GMT%2b8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true"
		driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"
		user = "[账户]"
		password = "[密码]",
        # dctime要转换成字符串，因为hive建表的时候，这个字段是字符串；分区字段也要加到查询里面，后面SeaTunnel sink的时候会自动处理
		query = "select fd_id, fd_app_name, fd_model_name, fd_model_id, fd_key, fd_parameter1, fd_parameter2, fd_create_time, fd_subject, fd_type, fd_link, fd_mobile_link, fd_pad_link, fd_bundle, fd_replace_text, fd_md5, fd_del_flag, fd_level, doc_creator_id, fd_extend_content, fd_lang, fd_cate_name, fd_cate_id, fd_template_name, fd_template_id, fd_hierarchy_id, cast(date_format(fd_create_time, '%Y-%m-%d') as char) as dctime from sys_notify_todo_bak
	  }
}

transform {
}

sink {
    S3File {
      bucket = "s3a://seatunnel"
      fs.s3a.endpoint = "[minio服务器域名/ip]:9000"
      access_key = "[账户]"
      secret_key = "[密码]"
      fs.s3a.aws.credentials.provider="org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.SimpleAWSCredentialsProvider"
      # 目录地址
      path = "/doris/warehouse/ods_ekp/ods_sys_notify_todo_bak"
      tmp_path = "/data/tmp/seatunnel"
      # 必须填写的不然会出现问题，因为本人的minio没有做ssl处理，所以要这么设置
      hadoop_s3_properties {
        "fs.s3a.connection.ssl.enabled" = "false"
        "fs.s3a.path.style.access" = "true"
      }
      # parquet文件格式
      file_format_type = "parquet"
      # 必须用\\代表\
      field_delimiter = "\\001"
      # parquet格式必须要加，否则会出问题
      parquet_avro_write_timestamp_as_int96 = true
      # 压缩算法
      compress_codec = "zstd"
      have_partition = true
      partition_by = ["dctime"]
      partition_dir_expression = "${k0}=${v0}"
      is_partition_field_write_in_file = false
      schema_save_mode = "CREATE_SCHEMA_WHEN_NOT_EXIST"
      data_save_mode="APPEND_DATA"
      custom_filename = true
      file_name_expression = "${transactionId}_${now}"
      filename_time_format = "yyyy.MM.dd"
  }
}

第二步：执行SeaTunnel同步，并在Hive查询里执行下列操作

-- 刷新物理目录分析
MSCK REPAIR TABLE ods_ekp.ods_sys_notify_todo_bak;

-- 查询hive表确认是否有数据
SELECT * from ods_ekp.ods_sys_notify_todo_bak limit 100;

第三步：创建Doris Hive catalog外部库

CREATE CATALOG hive PROPERTIES (
    'type'='hms',
    'hive.metastore.uris' = 'thrift://[hive metastore server的ip]:9083',
    "s3.endpoint" = "http://[minio服务器域名/ip]:9000",
    "s3.region" = "us-east-1",
    "s3.access_key" = "[账户]",
    "s3.secret_key" = "[密码]",
    "s3.connection.ssl.enabled" = "false",
    "use_path_style" = "true",
    "hive.version" = '2.1.1'
);

REFRESH CATALOG hive;

show databases from hive;

SELECT * from hive.ods_ekp.ods_sys_notify_todo_bak limit 100

说明：

1. 因为本人用的CDH6.3.2版本，Hive是2.1.1版本，所以建立catalog的时候，需要指定"hive.version" = '2.1.1'。
2. 因为本人设置的minio没有ssl，所以配置的时候需要加上"s3.connection.ssl.enabled" = "false"。
3. Minio用的是path风格，所以需要配置"use_path_style" = "true"。
4. SeaTunnel版本： 2.3.11
5. Doris版本：2.0.15