k8s 中 nfs作为存储的三种方式

1、安装nfs服务。直接给命令

yum install nfs-utils

vim /etc/exports
/data/k8s/ 172.16.1.0/24(sync,rw,no_root_squash)

systemctl start nfs;  systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl enable nfs

测试：
yum install nfs-utils
showmount -e 172.16.1.131

2、nfs 可以直接作为存储卷使用，下面是一个生产环境部署的YAML配置文件。在此示例中，redis在容器中的持久化数据保存在/data目录下；存储卷使用nfs，nfs的服务地址为：192.168.8.150，存储路径为：/k8s-nfs/redis/data。容器通过volumeMounts.name的值确定所使用的存储卷。生产中一般挂载日志以及一些永久存储的文件使用

apiVersion: apps/v1 # for versions before 1.9.0 use apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: redis
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: redis
  revisionHistoryLimit: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: redis
    spec:
      containers:

# 应用的镜像
      - image: redis
        name: redis
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

# 应用的内部端口
        ports:
        - containerPort: 6379
          name: redis6379
        env:
        - name: ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
          value: "yes"
        - name: REDIS_PASSWORD
          value: "redis"
# 持久化挂接位置，在docker中
        volumeMounts:
        - name: redis-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /data
      volumes:
# 宿主机上的目录
      - name: redis-persistent-storage
        nfs:
          path: /data/k8s
          server: 172.16.1.131

3、nfs作为在Kubernetes当前版本的中，可以创建类型为nfs的持久化存储卷，用于为PersistentVolumClaim提供存储卷。在下面的PersistenVolume YAML配置文件中，定义了一个名为nfs-pv的持久化存储卷，此存储卷提供了5G的存储空间，只能由一个PersistentVolumClaim进行可读可写操作。此持久化存储卷使用的nfs服务器地址为192.168.5.150，存储的路径为/tmp。

这里简单提供下使用方法。具体可以查看我的博客中动态pv和静态PV的区别和使用

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# cat mypv.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv001
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  nfs:
    path: /data/k8s
    server: 172.19.0.14

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# cat mypvc.yaml   ###会根据大小和类型自动匹配到上面的PV
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  namespace: kube-system
  name: prometheus-claim
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi

[root@VM_0_48_centos prometheus]# kubectl  get pv,pvc -n kube-system
NAME                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM                          STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
persistentvolume/pv001   10Gi       RWX            Retain           Bound    kube-system/prometheus-claim                           17m

NAME                                     STATUS   VOLUME   CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
persistentvolumeclaim/prometheus-claim   Bound    pv001    10Gi       RWX  

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: StatefulSet

metadata:

  name: prometheus

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: prometheus

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

    version: v2.2.1

spec:

  serviceName: "prometheus"

  replicas: 1

  podManagementPolicy: "Parallel"

  updateStrategy:

   type: "RollingUpdate"

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      k8s-app: prometheus

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: prometheus

      annotations:

        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''

    spec:

      priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical

      serviceAccountName: prometheus

      initContainers:

      - name: "init-chown-data"

        image: "busybox:latest"

        imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"

        command: ["chown", "-R", "65534:65534", "/data"]

        volumeMounts:

        - name: prometheus-data

          mountPath: /data

          subPath: ""

      containers:

        - name: prometheus-server-configmap-reload

          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.1"

          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"

          args:

            - --volume-dir=/etc/config

            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9090/-/reload

          volumeMounts:

            - name: config-volume

              mountPath: /etc/config

              readOnly: true

          resources:

            limits:

              cpu: 10m

              memory: 10Mi

            requests:

              cpu: 10m

              memory: 10Mi

 

        - name: prometheus-server

          image: "prom/prometheus:v2.2.1"

          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"

          args:

            - --config.file=/etc/config/prometheus.yml

            - --storage.tsdb.path=/data

            - --web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries

            - --web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles

            - --web.enable-lifecycle

          ports:

            - containerPort: 9090

          readinessProbe:

            httpGet:

              path: /-/ready

              port: 9090

            initialDelaySeconds: 30

            timeoutSeconds: 30

          livenessProbe:

            httpGet:

              path: /-/healthy

              port: 9090

            initialDelaySeconds: 30

            timeoutSeconds: 30

          # based on 10 running nodes with 30 pods each

          resources:

            limits:

              cpu: 200m

              memory: 1000Mi

            requests:

              cpu: 200m

              memory: 1000Mi

 

          volumeMounts:

            - name: config-volume

              mountPath: /etc/config

            - name: prometheus-data

              mountPath: /data

              subPath: ""

      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300

      volumes:

        - name: config-volume

          configMap:

            name: prometheus-config

        - name: prometheus-data

          persistentVolumeClaim:   #申明使用静态PVC永久化存储

            claimName: prometheus-claim