网络编程基础【day09】：堡垒机前戏（十一）

本节内容

1、堡垒机前戏

2、SSHClient

3、SFTPClient

一、堡垒机前戏

　　开发堡垒机之前，先来学习Python的paramiko模块，该模块机遇SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作。

　　paramiko模块存在的作用：作批量管理用的。

二、SSHClient

SSHClient 作用：用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

2.1、基于用户名密码连接

2.1.1、正常创建用户名密码连接的sshclient

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='c1.salt.com', port=22, username='shuaigaogao', password='0808')

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read() #输出的结果是bytes类型的

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()

注：

stdin => 标准输入，就是你输入的那个命令
stdout => 标准输出，你输入命令后执行的结果
stderr => 标准错误，名利执行的过程中，如果出错了，就把这个错误打到这里

2.1.2、SSHClient 封装 Transport

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))

transport.connect(username='luoahong', password='123')

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

print stdout.read()

transport.close()

2.2、基于公钥密钥连接

2.2.1、正常创建公钥密钥连接的sshclient

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa') #私钥文件的路径

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.128.13', port=22, username='luoahong', pkey=private_key)

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()

2.2.2、SSHClient 封装 Transport

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))

transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

transport.close()

2.2.3、基于私钥字符串进行连接

 1 import paramiko

 2 from io import StringIO

 3

 4 key_str = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

 5 MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEAq7gLsqYArAFco02/55IgNg0r7NXOtEM3qXpb/dabJ5Uyky/8

 6 NEHhFiQ7deHIRIuTW5Zb0kD6h6EBbVlUMBmwJrC2oSzySLU1w+ZNfH0PE6W6fans

 7 H80whhuc/YgP+fjiO+VR/gFcqib8Rll5UfYzf5H8uuOnDeIXGCVgyHQSmt8if1+e

 8 7hn1MVO1Lrm9Fco8ABI7dyv8/ZEwoSfh2C9rGYgA58LT1FkBRkOePbHD43xNfAYC

 9 tfLvz6LErMnwdOW4sNMEWWAWv1fsTB35PAm5CazfKzmam9n5IQXhmUNcNvmaZtvP

10 c4f4g59mdsaWNtNaY96UjOfx83Om86gmdkKcnwIDAQABAoIBAQCnDBGFJuv8aA7A

11 ZkBLe+GN815JtOyye7lIS1n2I7En3oImoUWNaJEYwwJ8+LmjxMwDCtAkR0XwbvY+

12 c+nsKPEtkjb3sAu6I148RmwWsGncSRqUaJrljOypaW9dS+GO4Ujjz3/lw1lrxSUh

13 IqVc0E7kyRW8kP3QCaNBwArYteHreZFFp6XmtKMtXaEA3saJYILxaaXlYkoRi4k8

14 S2/K8aw3ZMR4tDCOfB4o47JaeiA/e185RK3A+mLn9xTDhTdZqTQpv17/YRPcgmwz

15 zu30fhVXQT/SuI0sO+bzCO4YGoEwoBX718AWhdLJFoFq1B7k2ZEzXTAtjEXQEWm6

16 01ndU/jhAasdfasdasdfasdfa3eraszxqwefasdfadasdffsFIfAsjQb4HdkmHuC

17 OeJrJOd+CYvdEeqJJNnF6AbHyYHIECkj0Qq1kEfLOEsqzd5nDbtkKBte6M1trbjl

18 HtJ2Yb8w6o/q/6Sbj7wf/cW3LIYEdeVCjScozVcQ9R83ea05J+QOAr4nAoGBAMaq

19 UzLJfLNWZ5Qosmir2oHStFlZpxspax/ln7DlWLW4wPB4YJalSVovF2Buo8hr8X65

20 lnPiE41M+G0Z7icEXiFyDBFDCtzx0x/RmaBokLathrFtI81UCx4gQPLaSVNMlvQA

21 539GsubSrO4LpHRNGg/weZ6EqQOXvHvkUkm2bDDJAoGATytFNxen6GtC0ZT3SRQM

22 WYfasdf3xbtuykmnluiofasd2sfmjnljkt7khghmghdasSDFGQfgaFoKfaawoYeH

23 C2XasVUsVviBn8kPSLSVBPX4JUfQmA6h8HsajeVahxN1U9e0nYJ0sYDQFUMTS2t8

24 RT57+WK/0ONwTWHdu+KnaJECgYEAid/ta8LQC3p82iNAZkpWlGDSD2yb/8rH8NQg

25 9tjEryFwrbMtfX9qn+8srx06B796U3OjifstjJQNmVI0qNlsJpQK8fPwVxRxbJS/

26 pMbNICrf3sUa4sZgDOFfkeuSlgACh4cVIozDXlR59Z8Y3CoiW0uObEgvMDIfenAj

27 98pl3ZkCgYEAj/UCSni0dwX4pnKNPm6LUgiS7QvIgM3H9piyt8aipQuzBi5LUKWw

28 DlQC4Zb73nHgdREtQYYXTu7p27Bl0Gizz1sW2eSgxFU8eTh+ucfVwOXKAXKU5SeI

29 +MbuBfUYQ4if2N/BXn47+/ecf3A4KgB37Le5SbLDddwCNxGlBzbpBa0=

30 -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""

31

32 private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key_str))

33 transport = paramiko.Transport(('10.0.1.40', 22))

34 transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key)

35

36 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

37 ssh._transport = transport

38

39 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

40 result = stdout.read()

41

42 transport.close()

43

44 print(result)

三、SFTPClient

SFTPClient作用：用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

3.1、基于用户名密码上传下载

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname',22))

transport.connect(username='luoahong',password='123')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py

sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path

sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

3.2、基于公钥密钥上传下载

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa') #私钥文件路径

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))

transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key )

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py

sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path

sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()