（三）Spring 之AOP 详解
第一节：AOP 简介
AOP 简介：百度百科；
面向切面编程(也叫面向方面编程)：Aspect Oriented Programming(AOP)，是软件开发中的一个热点，也是Spring框架中的一个重要内容。利用AOP 可以对业务逻辑的各个部分进行隔离，从而使得业务逻辑各部分之间的耦合度降低，提高程序的可重用性，同时提高了开发的效率。
主要的功能是：日志记录，性能统计，安全控制，事务处理，异常处理等等。
--------
这里我先开头讲一个例子代码程序：
T.java：
package com.wishwzp.test; import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService; public class T { private ApplicationContext ac; @Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
} @Test
public void test1() {
StudentService studentService=(StudentService)ac.getBean("studentService");
studentService.addStudent("张三");
} }
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="studentService" class="com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean> </beans>
StudentServiceImpl.java:
package com.wishwzp.service.impl;
import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
@Override
public void addStudent(String name) {
System.out.println("开始添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("完成学生"+name+"的添加");
}
}
StudentService.java:
package com.wishwzp.service;
public interface StudentService {
public void addStudent(String name);
}
运行结果显示：
开始添加学生张三
添加学生张三
完成学生张三的添加
--------------
第二节：Spring AOP 实例
1，前置通知；
2，后置通知；
3，环绕通知；
4，返回通知；
5，异常通知；
1，前置通知；
T.java:
package com.wishwzp.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService; public class T { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
StudentService studentService=(StudentService)ac.getBean("studentService");
studentService.addStudent("张三"); }
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceAspect -->
<bean id="studentServiceAspect" class="com.wishwzp.advice.StudentServiceAspect"></bean> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceImpl -->
<bean id="studentService" class="com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean> <!-- 配置AOP -->
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="studentServiceAspect" ref="studentServiceAspect">
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.wishwzp.service.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>
<aop:before method="doBefore" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
StudentServiceAspect.java:
package com.wishwzp.advice; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; public class StudentServiceAspect { public void doBefore(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("开始添加学生："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} }
StudentServiceImpl.java:
package com.wishwzp.service.impl;
import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
@Override
public void addStudent(String name) {
// System.out.println("开始添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("添加学生"+name);
// System.out.println("完成学生"+name+"的添加");
}
}
StudentService.java:
package com.wishwzp.service;
public interface StudentService {
public void addStudent(String name);
}
运行结果显示：
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
开始添加学生：张三
添加学生张三
2，后置通知；
T.java:
package com.wishwzp.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService; public class T { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
StudentService studentService=(StudentService)ac.getBean("studentService");
studentService.addStudent("张三"); }
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceAspect -->
<bean id="studentServiceAspect" class="com.wishwzp.advice.StudentServiceAspect"></bean> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceImpl -->
<bean id="studentService" class="com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean> <!-- 配置AOP -->
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="studentServiceAspect" ref="studentServiceAspect">
<!-- 配置执行切点路径和id -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.wishwzp.service.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>
<!-- 前置通知 -->
<aop:before method="doBefore" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 后置通知 -->
<aop:after method="doAfter" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
StudentServiceAspect.java:
package com.wishwzp.advice; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; public class StudentServiceAspect { //前置通知
public void doBefore(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("开始添加学生："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //后置通知
public void doAfter(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("学生添加完成："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
}
}
StudentServiceImpl.java:
package com.wishwzp.service.impl;
import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
@Override
public void addStudent(String name) {
// System.out.println("开始添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("添加学生"+name);
// System.out.println("完成学生"+name+"的添加");
}
}
StudentService.java:
package com.wishwzp.service;
public interface StudentService {
public void addStudent(String name);
}
运行结果显示：
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
开始添加学生：张三
添加学生张三
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
学生添加完成：张三
3，环绕通知；
T.java:
package com.wishwzp.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService; public class T { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
StudentService studentService=(StudentService)ac.getBean("studentService");
studentService.addStudent("张三"); }
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceAspect -->
<bean id="studentServiceAspect" class="com.wishwzp.advice.StudentServiceAspect"></bean> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceImpl -->
<bean id="studentService" class="com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean> <!-- 配置AOP -->
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="studentServiceAspect" ref="studentServiceAspect">
<!-- 配置执行切点路径和id -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.wishwzp.service.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>
<!-- 前置通知 -->
<aop:before method="doBefore" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 后置通知 -->
<aop:after method="doAfter" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 环绕通知 -->
<aop:around method="doAround" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
StudentServiceAspect.java:
package com.wishwzp.advice; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; public class StudentServiceAspect { //前置通知
public void doBefore(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("开始添加学生："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //后置通知
public void doAfter(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("学生添加完成："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //环绕通知,这里添加了返回值
public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
System.out.println("添加学生前");
Object retVal=pjp.proceed();
System.out.println(retVal);
System.out.println("添加学生后");
return retVal;
}
}
StudentServiceImpl.java:
package com.wishwzp.service.impl;
import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
@Override
public String addStudent(String name) {
// System.out.println("开始添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("添加学生"+name);
// System.out.println("完成学生"+name+"的添加");
return name;
}
}
StudentService.java:
package com.wishwzp.service;
public interface StudentService {
public String addStudent(String name);
}
运行结果显示：
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
开始添加学生：张三
添加学生前
添加学生张三
张三
添加学生后
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
学生添加完成：张三
4，返回通知；
T.java:
package com.wishwzp.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService; public class T { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
StudentService studentService=(StudentService)ac.getBean("studentService");
studentService.addStudent("张三"); }
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceAspect -->
<bean id="studentServiceAspect" class="com.wishwzp.advice.StudentServiceAspect"></bean> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceImpl -->
<bean id="studentService" class="com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean> <!-- 配置AOP -->
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="studentServiceAspect" ref="studentServiceAspect">
<!-- 配置执行切点路径和id -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.wishwzp.service.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>
<!-- 前置通知 -->
<aop:before method="doBefore" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 后置通知 -->
<aop:after method="doAfter" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 环绕通知 -->
<aop:around method="doAround" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 返回通知 -->
<aop:after-returning method="doAfterReturning" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
StudentServiceAspect.java:
package com.wishwzp.advice; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; public class StudentServiceAspect { //前置通知
public void doBefore(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("开始添加学生："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //后置通知
public void doAfter(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("学生添加完成："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //环绕通知,这里添加了返回值
public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
System.out.println("添加学生前");
Object retVal=pjp.proceed();
System.out.println(retVal);
System.out.println("添加学生后");
return retVal;
} //返回通知
public void doAfterReturning(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("返回通知");
}
}
StudentServiceImpl.java:
package com.wishwzp.service.impl;
import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
@Override
public String addStudent(String name) {
// System.out.println("开始添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("添加学生"+name);
// System.out.println("完成学生"+name+"的添加");
return name;
}
}
StudentService.java:
package com.wishwzp.service;
public interface StudentService {
public String addStudent(String name);
}
运行结果显示：
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
开始添加学生：张三
添加学生前
添加学生张三
返回通知
张三
添加学生后
类名:com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl
方法名：addStudent
学生添加完成：张三
5，异常通知；
T.java:
package com.wishwzp.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService; public class T { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
StudentService studentService=(StudentService)ac.getBean("studentService");
studentService.addStudent("张三"); }
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceAspect -->
<bean id="studentServiceAspect" class="com.wishwzp.advice.StudentServiceAspect"></bean> <!-- 注入bean，StudentServiceImpl -->
<bean id="studentService" class="com.wishwzp.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean> <!-- 配置AOP -->
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="studentServiceAspect" ref="studentServiceAspect">
<!-- 配置执行切点路径和id -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.wishwzp.service.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>
<!-- 前置通知 -->
<aop:before method="doBefore" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 后置通知 -->
<aop:after method="doAfter" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 环绕通知 -->
<aop:around method="doAround" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 返回通知 -->
<aop:after-returning method="doAfterReturning" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<!-- 异常通知 -->
<aop:after-throwing method="doAfterThrowing" pointcut-ref="businessService" throwing="ex"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
StudentServiceAspect.java:
package com.wishwzp.advice; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; public class StudentServiceAspect { //前置通知
public void doBefore(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("开始添加学生："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //后置通知
public void doAfter(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("类名:"+jp.getTarget().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("方法名："+jp.getSignature().getName());
System.out.println("学生添加完成："+jp.getArgs()[0]);
} //环绕通知,这里添加了返回值
public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
System.out.println("添加学生前");
Object retVal=pjp.proceed();
System.out.println(retVal);
System.out.println("添加学生后");
return retVal;
} //返回通知
public void doAfterReturning(JoinPoint jp){
System.out.println("返回通知");
} //异常通知
public void doAfterThrowing(JoinPoint jp,Throwable ex){
System.out.println("异常通知");
System.out.println("异常信息："+ex.getMessage());
}
}
StudentServiceImpl.java:
package com.wishwzp.service.impl;
import com.wishwzp.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
@Override
public String addStudent(String name) {
// System.out.println("开始添加学生"+name);
System.out.println("添加学生"+name);
System.out.println(1/0);
// System.out.println("完成学生"+name+"的添加");
return name;
}
}
StudentService.java:
package com.wishwzp.service;
public interface StudentService {
public String addStudent(String name);
}
运行结果显示：
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