windows下捕获dump

     一般要捕获异常只需要两个函数：SetUnhandledExceptionFilter截获异常；MiniDumpWriteDump写dump文件。但是由于CRT函数可能会在内部调用SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(NULL)，解除我们程序设置的异常处理，这导致我们的程序无法完整捕获崩溃。另外，还有一部分非异常的CRT错误，不属于SEH异常捕获的范畴，需要通过_set_invalid_parameter_handler、_set_purecall_handler拦截，否则会弹出很丑陋的Runtime Error提示框。为保证所有异常都能由我们捕获，需要把SetUnhandledExceptionFilter函数Hook掉，不让“其他人”去设置自己的Exception处理，有Exception我们自己搞定；还有，对CRT错误做拦截，避免弹出错误窗口：_set_invalid_parameter_handler、_set_purecall_handler。

     chromium的breakpad当前只是使用了上边提到的_set_invalid_parameter_handler、_set_purecall_handler函数，并没有屏蔽“其他人”的SetUnhandledExceptionFilter行为，可能导致了部分Crash无法捕获，为什么不这么做呢？有待考察。（stackoverflow也有人提到这个问题：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11350801/why-does-google-breakpad-not-handle-all-crashes-how-can-i-debug-these-cases）。

     进程内捕获dump示例代码：

.h

 namespace CatchDumpFile
 {

     void simple_log(const std::wstring& log_msg);

     class CDumpCatch
     {
     public:
         CDumpCatch();
         ~CDumpCatch();
     private:

         static LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER WINAPI TempSetUnhandledExceptionFilter(LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER lpTopLevelExceptionFilter);
         static BOOL ReleaseDumpFile(const std::wstring& strPath, EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException);
         static LONG WINAPI UnhandledExceptionFilterEx(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException);
         static void MyPureCallHandler(void);
         static void MyInvalidParameterHandler(const wchar_t* expression, const wchar_t* function, const wchar_t* file, unsigned int line, uintptr_t pReserved);

         BOOL AddExceptionHandle();
         BOOL RemoveExceptionHandle();
         BOOL PreventSetUnhandledExceptionFilter();
         void SetInvalidHandle();
         void UnSetInvalidHandle();
     private:
         LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER m_preFilter;
         _invalid_parameter_handler m_preIph;
         _purecall_handler m_prePch;
     };
 };

.cc

 namespace CatchDumpFile
 {
     void simple_log(const std::wstring& log_msg)
     {
         std::wstring strLogWnd = L"cswuyg_simple_debug_log";
         HWND hSend = ::FindWindow(NULL, strLogWnd.c_str());
         COPYDATASTRUCT copydate;
         copydate.cbData = (DWORD)(log_msg.length() + ) * sizeof(wchar_t);
         copydate.lpData = (PVOID)log_msg.c_str();
         ::SendMessage(hSend, WM_COPYDATA, , (LPARAM)&copydate);
     }

     void CDumpCatch::MyPureCallHandler(void)
     {
        //simple_log(L"MyPureCallHandler");
         throw std::invalid_argument("");
     }

     void CDumpCatch::MyInvalidParameterHandler(const wchar_t* expression, const wchar_t* function, const wchar_t* file, unsigned int line, uintptr_t pReserved)
     {
         //simple_log(L"MyPureCallHandler");
         //The parameters all have the value NULL unless a debug version of the CRT library is used.
         throw std::invalid_argument("");
     }

     void CDumpCatch::SetInvalidHandle()
     {
 #if _MSC_VER >= 1400  // MSVC 2005/8
         m_preIph = _set_invalid_parameter_handler(MyInvalidParameterHandler);
 #endif  // _MSC_VER >= 1400
         m_prePch = _set_purecall_handler(MyPureCallHandler);   //At application, this call can stop show the error message box.
     }
     void CDumpCatch::UnSetInvalidHandle()
     {
 #if _MSC_VER >= 1400  // MSVC 2005/8
         _set_invalid_parameter_handler(m_preIph);
 #endif  // _MSC_VER >= 1400
         _set_purecall_handler(m_prePch); //At application this can stop show the error message box.
     }

     LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER WINAPI CDumpCatch::TempSetUnhandledExceptionFilter( LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER lpTopLevelExceptionFilter )
     {
         return NULL;
     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::AddExceptionHandle()
     {
         m_preFilter = ::SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(UnhandledExceptionFilterEx);
         PreventSetUnhandledExceptionFilter();
         return TRUE;
     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::RemoveExceptionHandle()
     {
         if(m_preFilter != NULL)
         {
             ::SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(m_preFilter);
             m_preFilter = NULL;
         }
         return TRUE;
     }

     CDumpCatch::CDumpCatch()
     {
         SetInvalidHandle();
         AddExceptionHandle();
     }

     CDumpCatch::~CDumpCatch()
     {
         UnSetInvalidHandle();
         RemoveExceptionHandle();
     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::ReleaseDumpFile(const std::wstring& strPath, EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException)
     {
         HANDLE hDumpFile = ::CreateFile(strPath.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, , NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
         if (hDumpFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
         {
             return FALSE;
         }
         MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION dumpInfo;
         dumpInfo.ExceptionPointers = pException;
         dumpInfo.ThreadId = ::GetCurrentThreadId();
         dumpInfo.ClientPointers = TRUE;
     //    ::MiniDumpWriteDump(::GetCurrentProcess(), ::GetCurrentProcessId(), hDumpFile, MiniDumpNormal, &dumpInfo, NULL, NULL);
         BOOL bRet = ::MiniDumpWriteDump(::GetCurrentProcess(), ::GetCurrentProcessId(), hDumpFile, MiniDumpWithFullMemory, &dumpInfo, NULL, NULL);
         ::CloseHandle(hDumpFile);
         return bRet;
     }

     LONG WINAPI CDumpCatch::UnhandledExceptionFilterEx( struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException )
     {
         //simple_log(L"UnhandledExceptionFilterEx");
         wchar_t szPath[MAX_PATH] = {  };
         ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, MAX_PATH);
         ::PathRemoveFileSpec(szPath);
         std::wstring strPath = szPath;
         strPath += L"\\CrashDumpFile.dmp";
         BOOL bRelease = ReleaseDumpFile(strPath.c_str(), pException);
         //::FatalAppExit(0,  L"Error");
         if (bRelease)
         {
             return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
         }
         return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::PreventSetUnhandledExceptionFilter()
     {
         HMODULE hKernel32 = LoadLibrary(L"kernel32.dll");
         if (hKernel32 ==   NULL)
         {
             return FALSE;
         }
         void *pOrgEntry = ::GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "SetUnhandledExceptionFilter");
         if(pOrgEntry == NULL)
         {
             return FALSE;
         }

         unsigned char newJump[];
         DWORD dwOrgEntryAddr = (DWORD)pOrgEntry;
         dwOrgEntryAddr += ; //jump instruction has 5 byte space.

         void *pNewFunc = &TempSetUnhandledExceptionFilter;
         DWORD dwNewEntryAddr = (DWORD)pNewFunc;
         DWORD dwRelativeAddr = dwNewEntryAddr - dwOrgEntryAddr;

         newJump[] = 0xE9;  //jump
         memcpy(&newJump[], &dwRelativeAddr, sizeof(DWORD));
         SIZE_T bytesWritten;
         DWORD dwOldFlag, dwTempFlag;
         ::VirtualProtect(pOrgEntry, , PAGE_READWRITE, &dwOldFlag);
         BOOL bRet = ::WriteProcessMemory(::GetCurrentProcess(), pOrgEntry, newJump, , &bytesWritten);
         ::VirtualProtect(pOrgEntry, , dwOldFlag, &dwTempFlag);
         return bRet;
     }

 }

  　能引发pure function called 错误的代码：

class IPureCall
{
public:
    virtual ~IPureCall(){};
    IPureCall()
    {
        //indirect call the virtual function, the compiler would not treat as "static binding", it is "dynamic binding".
        //At this time, the CPureCall class hasn't been constructed, the virtual table didn't has the pure_call function's point, so it cause "pure virtual function called exception".
        call_by_constructor();
    };
    virtual void pure_call() = ;
    void call_by_constructor()
    {
        pure_call();
    }
};

class CPureCall : public IPureCall
{
public:
    CPureCall()
    {
    }
    void pure_call()
    {
    }
};

　　pure virtual function called在之前的文章里介绍过（http://www.cnblogs.com/cswuyg/archive/2012/08/22/2650610.html）。

　　

　　进程外捕获崩溃的做法是使用进程间通信（IPC，内存映射文件或者管道都行），把EXCEPTION_POINTERS指针数据等信息通知捕获进程，让捕获进程去写dump（windows下捕获dump之Google breakpad_client的理解）。进程外捕获dump是比较推荐的做法，chromium的breakpad文档解释说，“一般认为在崩溃进程内部写minidump是不安全的：关键的进程数据结构可能会被破坏掉，或者异常处理程序获取到的堆栈可能是被覆盖了的”（原文：http://code.google.com/p/google-breakpad/wiki/GettingStartedWithBreakpad）。

 

     可复用源码分享：https://github.com/cswuyg/simple_win/tree/master/dump_catch/dump_catch

 

     多模块dump处理相关补充：

1、如果CRT是/MD，那么CRT错误捕获EXE、DLL共用；dump捕获多EXE、DLL共用，只需要在EXE里加上处理就ok；

2、如果CRT是/MT，那么CRT错误捕获各PE文件独立，EXE、DLL必须有自己的处理；dump捕获多EXE、DLL共用。

这方面的知识MSDN也稍有提及：

http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/t296ys27(v=vs.71)

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680634(v=vs.85).aspx

 

 

不错的编程资料：

http://www.cppblog.com/woaidongmao/archive/2009/10/21/99129.html

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/154686/SetUnhandledExceptionFilter-and-the-C-C-Runtime-Li

http://www.cnblogs.com/FCoding/archive/2012/07/05/2578543.html

 

不错的抓dump工具介绍：

http://wintellect.com/blogs/jrobbins/how-to-capture-a-minidump-let-me-count-the-ways

 

breakpad相关代码：

https://code.google.com/p/chromium/codesearch#chromium/src/breakpad/src/client/windows/handler/exception_handler.h