hdu4135-Co-prime & Codeforces 547C Mike and Foam （容斥原理）

hdu4135

求[L,R]范围内与N互质的数的个数。

分别求[1,L]和[1,R]和n互质的个数，求差。

利用容斥原理求解。

二进制枚举每一种质数的组合，奇加偶减。

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

const int N = ;

int fac[N], cnt;

void factor(int n) {
    cnt = ;
    int limit = sqrt(n);

    for (int i = ; i <= limit; ++i) {
        if (n % i == ) fac[cnt++] = i;
        while (n % i == ) n /= i;
    }
    if (n > ) fac[cnt++] = n;
}

ll solve(ll x, int n) { //1~x中与n互质的数
    ll ans = ;
    ll val;
    int num;
    //printf("cnt=%d\n", cnt);

    int st = <<cnt;
    for (int i = ; i < st; ++i) {// 枚举所有情况，奇加偶减
        val = ;
        num = ;
        for (int j = ; j < cnt; ++j) {
            if (i & (<<j)) {
                val *= fac[j];
                num++;
            }
        }
        //printf(">>%d %lld %d\n", i, val, num);
        if (num & ) ans += x/val;
        else ans -= x/val;
    }
    return x - ans;
}

int main()
{
    ll x, y;
    int n;
    int t, cas=; cin >> t;
    while (t--) {
        cin >> x >> y >> n;
        cout << "Case #" << ++cas << ": ";
        factor(n);
        cout << solve(y,n) - solve(x-,n) << endl;
    }

    return ;
}

Codeforces 547C Mike and Foam

差不多啦

求新加入的数和已经存在的数有多少是不互质的。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

const int N = ;
int a[N], vis[N], fac[N], tfac[N];
int n, m, q, tot;

void getfactor(int x, int fac[], int &cnt) {
    int limit = sqrt(x);
    cnt = ;
    for (int i = ; i <= limit; ++i) {
        if (x % i == ) {
            fac[cnt++] = i;
            while (x % i == ) x /= i;
        }
    }
    if (x > ) fac[cnt++] = x;
}

int add(int x, int d) {
    int cnt;
    getfactor(x, tfac, cnt);
    int st = <<cnt;
    int ans = ;
    for (int i = ; i < st; ++i) {
        int num = ;
        int tmp = ;
        for (int j = ; j < cnt; ++j) {
            if (i & (<<j)) {
                num++;
                tmp *= tfac[j];
            }
        }
        if (d == -) fac[tmp]--;
        if (num & ) ans += fac[tmp];
        else ans -= fac[tmp];
        if (d == ) fac[tmp]++;
    }
    if (d == -) return -tot+ans;
    else return tot--ans;
}

int main()
{
    while (~scanf("%d%d", &n, &m)) {
        memset(vis, , sizeof vis);
        tot = ;
        for (int i = ; i <= n; ++i) scanf("%d", &a[i]);
        long long ans =  ,tmp;
        while (m--) {
            scanf("%d", &q);
            if (vis[q]) vis[q] = , tot--, tmp = add(a[q], -);
            else vis[q] = , tot++, tmp = add(a[q], );
            ans += tmp;
            printf("%lld\n", ans);
        }
    }
    return ;
}