centos7 源码编译安装 nginx

安装步骤

1. 下载 nginx 源码包 官网

   $ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
   

2. 解压 nginx 压缩包

   $ tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
   

3. 创建 www 用户 (已存在可以跳过)

   $ groupadd www
   $ useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -M www
   

4. 运行 configure 文件检测程序

   $ cd nginx-1.16.0 
   
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   
   checking for OS 
   
   + Linux 3.10.0-957.12.2.el7.x86_64 x86_64 
   
   checking for C compiler ... not found 
   
   ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
   # 此处是因为没有 gcc 和 gcc-c++ 依赖包,由于我是 centos 可以直接通过yum进行安装
   $ yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
   ... 此处省略安装步奏
   # 再次执行上面的 configure 步骤
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   ... 此处省略一部分
   ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
   You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
   option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
   statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
   # 这次根据提示是因为没有 PCRE 库 ,执行 yum 安装 pcre-devel即可
   $ yum -y install pcre-devel
   ... 此处省略一部分
   Running transaction
     正在安装    : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64                               1/1
     验证中      : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64                               1/1
   
   已安装:
     pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7
   
   完毕！
   # 再次执行 configure 步骤
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   ... 此处省略一部分
   ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
   You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
   option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
   statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
   # 这此根据提示是因为没有 zlib 库 ，执行 yum 安装 zlib 和 zlib-devel 即可
   $ yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
   ... 此处省略一部分
   Running transaction
     正在安装    : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64                          1/1
     验证中      : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64                              1/1
   
   已安装:
     zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7
   
   完毕！
   # 再次执行 configure 步骤
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   ... 此处省略一部分
   Configuration summary
     + using system PCRE library
     + OpenSSL library is not used
     + using system zlib library
   
     nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
     nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
     nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
     nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
     nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
     nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
     nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
     nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
     nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
     nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
     nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
     nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
     nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
   # 总算通过了下面进行编译和安装
   $ make && make install
   # 检测是否安装成功
   $ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
   nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
   nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
   # 辛苦总算没有白费，成功了.
   

5. 启动 nginx 服务

   $ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   # 启动了一个nginx服务,然我测试下是否启动成功
   $ lsof -i:80
   COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
   nginx   17440   root    6u  IPv4  35217      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
   nginx   17441 nobody    6u  IPv4  35217      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
   # 完成。
   # PS：如果 lsof 没有这个操作可以使用 yum -y install lsof 安装
   

6. 配置防火墙80端口

   $ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
   $ systemctl restart firewalld
   

安装总结

# 下载、解压 源码包
$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz 

# 创建 www 用户 (已存在可以跳过)
$ groupadd www
$ useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -M www

# 安装 前置服务
$ yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel

# 检测安装环境
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www

# 编译 和 安装
$ make && make install

# 启动服务
$ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

# 打开防火墙
$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
$ systemctl restart firewalld

操作命令

# 停止
[1]
$ pkill -9 nginx
[2]
$ nginx -s stop
# 检查配置是否正确
$ nginx -t
# 重启
$ nginx -s reload

配置开机自启

由于我是 centos 7 ，我打算用 systemctl 作为我的管理工具,下面是我的操作步骤。

还有一个原因是因为我配置 nginx 启动脚本总是报错，我懒得去弄官网给的那个脚本了。

$ vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
# 输入以下代码，并且保存
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target 

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx quit
PrivateTmp=true 

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
$ systemctl start nginx.service
Failed to execute operation: Access denied
# 这里报了一个错误，提示我没有权限
$ setenforce 0 # 临时关闭 selinux ,如果想长久关闭请自行搜索
$ systemctl start nginx
# 没有报错，测试一下
$ lsof -i:80
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx   1398 root    6u  IPv4  19609      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   1399  www    6u  IPv4  19609      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
# 成功，设置为开机自动启动
$ systemctl enable nginx.service