ansible使用3-playbook

playbook是ansible用于配置部署的语言。使用YAML格式。

示例

---
- hosts: webservers
  vars:
    http_port: 80
    max_clients: 200
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: ensure apache is at the latest version
    yum: pkg=httpd state=latest
  - name: write the apache config file
    template: src=/srv/httpd.j2 dest=/etc/httpd.conf
    notify:
    - restart apache
  - name: ensure apache is running
    service: name=httpd state=started
  handlers:
    - name: restart apache
      service: name=httpd state=restarted

主机&用户(hosts)

hosts可以指定一个或者多个主机或者主机组，用冒号分隔

---
- hosts: webservers
  remote_user: root

task中定义remote_user

---
- hosts: webservers
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: test connection
      ping:
      remote_user: yourname

使用sudo

---
- hosts: webservers
  remote_user: yourname
  sudo: yes

task中使用sudo

---
- hosts: webservers
  remote_user: yourname
  tasks:
    - service: name=nginx state=started
      sudo: yes

sudo到不同用户

---
- hosts: webservers
  remote_user: yourname
  sudo: yes
  sudo_user: postgres

任务(tasks)

service模块使用key=value参数

tasks:
  - name: make sure apache is running
    service: name=httpd state=running

command&shell模块不使用key=value参数

tasks:
  - name: disable selinux
    command: /sbin/setenforce 0

tasks:
  - name: run this command and ignore the result
    shell: /usr/bin/somecommand || /bin/true

tasks:
  - name: run this command and ignore the result
    shell: /usr/bin/somecommand
    ignore_errors: True

命令行过长允许折行

tasks:
  - name: Copy ansible inventory file to client
    copy: src=/etc/ansible/hosts dest=/etc/ansible/hosts
            owner=root group=root mode=0644

使用变量

tasks:
  - name: create a virtual host file for {{ vhost }}
    template: src=somefile.j2 dest=/etc/httpd/conf.d/{{ vhost }}

处理(Handlers)

当foo.conf文件内容改变时，触发服务重启

- name: template configuration file
  template: src=template.j2 dest=/etc/foo.conf
  notify:
     - restart memcached
     - restart apache

handlers最好用于重启服务和重启主机

handlers:
    - name: restart memcached
      service: name=memcached state=restarted
    - name: restart apache
      service: name=apache state=restarted

运行playbook

ansible-playbook playbook.yml -f 10