2022-11-11：设计一个最大栈数据结构，既支持栈操作，又支持查找栈中最大元素。 实现 MaxStack 类： MaxStack() 初始化栈对象 void push(int x) 将元素 x 压

2022-11-11：设计一个最大栈数据结构，既支持栈操作，又支持查找栈中最大元素。
实现 MaxStack 类：
MaxStack() 初始化栈对象
void push(int x) 将元素 x 压入栈中。
int pop() 移除栈顶元素并返回这个元素。
int top() 返回栈顶元素，无需移除。
int peekMax() 检索并返回栈中最大元素，无需移除。
int popMax() 检索并返回栈中最大元素，并将其移除。
如果有多个最大元素，只要移除 最靠近栈顶 的那个。

答案2022-11-11：

加强堆+双向链表。
代码没时间写，将就一下吧。

代码用java编写。代码如下：

public class Code03_MaxStack {

	class MaxStack {

		public int cnt;

		public HeapGreater<Node> heap;

		public Node top;

		public MaxStack() {
			cnt = 0;
			heap = new HeapGreater<>(new NodeComparator());
			top = null;
		}

		public void push(int x) {
			Node cur = new Node(x, ++cnt);
			heap.push(cur);
			if (top == null) {
				top = cur;
			} else {
				top.last = cur;
				cur.next = top;
				top = cur;
			}
		}

		public int pop() {
			Node ans = top;
			if (top.next == null) {
				top = null;
			} else {
				top = top.next;
				top.last = null;
			}
			heap.remove(ans);
			return ans.val;
		}

		public int top() {
			return top.val;
		}

		public int peekMax() {
			return heap.peek().val;
		}

		public int popMax() {
			Node ans = heap.pop();
			if (ans == top) {
				if (top.next == null) {
					top = null;
				} else {
					top = top.next;
					top.last = null;
				}
			} else {
				if (ans.next != null) {
					ans.next.last = ans.last;
				}
				if (ans.last != null) {
					ans.last.next = ans.next;
				}
			}
			return ans.val;
		}

		class Node {
			public int val;
			public int cnt;
			public Node next;
			public Node last;

			public Node(int v, int c) {
				val = v;
				cnt = c;
			}
		}

		class NodeComparator implements Comparator<Node> {

			@Override
			public int compare(Node o1, Node o2) {
				return o1.val != o2.val ? (o2.val - o1.val) : (o2.cnt - o1.cnt);
			}

		}

		class HeapGreater<T> {

			private ArrayList<T> heap;
			private HashMap<T, Integer> indexMap;
			private int heapSize;
			private Comparator<? super T> comp;

			public HeapGreater(Comparator<? super T> c) {
				heap = new ArrayList<>();
				indexMap = new HashMap<>();
				heapSize = 0;
				comp = c;
			}

			public T peek() {
				return heap.get(0);
			}

			public void push(T obj) {
				heap.add(obj);
				indexMap.put(obj, heapSize);
				heapInsert(heapSize++);
			}

			public T pop() {
				T ans = heap.get(0);
				swap(0, heapSize - 1);
				indexMap.remove(ans);
				heap.remove(--heapSize);
				heapify(0);
				return ans;
			}

			public void remove(T obj) {
				T replace = heap.get(heapSize - 1);
				int index = indexMap.get(obj);
				indexMap.remove(obj);
				heap.remove(--heapSize);
				if (obj != replace) {
					heap.set(index, replace);
					indexMap.put(replace, index);
					resign(replace);
				}
			}

			private void resign(T obj) {
				heapInsert(indexMap.get(obj));
				heapify(indexMap.get(obj));
			}

			private void heapInsert(int index) {
				while (comp.compare(heap.get(index), heap.get((index - 1) / 2)) < 0) {
					swap(index, (index - 1) / 2);
					index = (index - 1) / 2;
				}
			}

			private void heapify(int index) {
				int left = index * 2 + 1;
				while (left < heapSize) {
					int best = left + 1 < heapSize && comp.compare(heap.get(left + 1), heap.get(left)) < 0 ? (left + 1)
							: left;
					best = comp.compare(heap.get(best), heap.get(index)) < 0 ? best : index;
					if (best == index) {
						break;
					}
					swap(best, index);
					index = best;
					left = index * 2 + 1;
				}
			}

			private void swap(int i, int j) {
				T o1 = heap.get(i);
				T o2 = heap.get(j);
				heap.set(i, o2);
				heap.set(j, o1);
				indexMap.put(o2, i);
				indexMap.put(o1, j);
			}

		}

	}

}

左神java代码