Flask CURD(增删改查)

1.创建flask项目

2.修改配置文件：

'''

config.py 保存项目配置

'''

导入Flask模块

from flask import Flask

额外安装: 数据库操作模块

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

额外导入, csrf防护

from flask_wtf import CSRFProtect

数据库对象

db = SQLAlchemy()

配置类定义Flask项目配置

class Config(object):

'''项目配置信息'''

DEBUG=True # 开启调试模式

# 数据库

SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql://root:123@127.0.0.1:3306/books'

SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS= True

SQLALCHEMY_ECHO= True

SECRET_KEY = "sdfdfdfdxfddesfdgb^$" # 加密字符串 csrf需要用session也需要用

def create_app():

'''创建app对象'''

app =Flask(name)

# 2. 使用csrf保护应用程序

CSRFProtect(app)

app.config.from_object(Config) # 通过配置类加载配置信息

# 初始化数据库配置

db.init_app(app)

#导入蓝图
from apps.users import users
from apps.book import book
app.register_blueprint(users, url_prefix="/") #用户蓝图/模块
app.register_blueprint(book, url_prefix="/book")# 书籍模块
return app

3.修改启动文件：

from config import create_app,db #配置文件中

from flask_script import Manager # 扩展db指令

from flask_migrate import Migrate,MigrateCommand # 数据库迁移库

app = create_app()

manager = Manager(app) # 命令管理类

migrate = Migrate(app,db=db) #创建迁移对象

manager.add_command('db',MigrateCommand) #扩展新的数据库操作指令db

if name == 'main':

manager.run() #启动

4. 创建数据库：

'''

如果是团队开发：

最快方案： 项目经理把models写完！个人按照自己需求微调！！！

'''

from config import db # 导入数据库对象

from datetime import datetime

用户模型(id,name,pwd,phone,email,addr,创建时间)

class Users(db.Model):

__tablename="users"

id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)

name = db.Column(db.String(50),nullable=False,index=True,unique=True) #不为空,索引加快访问速度,名字唯一

pwd = db.Column(db.String(20),nullable=False)

email = db.Column(db.String(20))

phone = db.Column(db.String(20))

addr = db.Column(db.String(20)) #地址

create_time = db.Column(db.DATE,default=datetime.now()) # 时间默认为系统当前日期

def __str__(self):
    return f'名字:{self.name},电话:{self.phone}'

作者

class Author(db.Model):

__tablename = "author"

id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)

name = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False, index=True, unique=True) # 不为空,索引加快访问速度,名字唯一

# 1方配置关系,配置反向引用的名字
books = db.relationship('Books',backref='author')

书籍(id,名字,价格,作者id,出版日期)

class Books(db.Model):

__tablename = "books"

id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)

name = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False, index=True, unique=True) # 不为空,索引加快访问速度,名字唯一

price = db.Column(db.String(50))

create_time = db.Column(db.DATE,default=datetime.now())

# 多方外键:  书籍.author.作者名字
author_id = db.Column(db.Integer,db.ForeignKey('author.id'))#或Author.id

5：用户蓝图（登陆注册）：

from flask import Blueprint,render_template,request,session,redirect,url_for # redirect ,url_for重定向跳转

users = Blueprint('users',name) #模块名/蓝图名叫users

from .models import Users,db

@users.route('/') # 路由定义!

def index():

return render_template('/index.html') # 跳转到模板!

@users.route('/register',methods=["GET",'POST'])

def register():

if request.method == 'GET':

return render_template('register.html')

else:

username = request.form.get('username')

password = request.form.get('password')

email = request.form.get('email')

phone = request.form.get('phone')

addr = request.form.get('addr')

create_time = request.form.get('create_time')

user = Users(name=username,pwd=password,email=email,phone=phone,addr=addr,create_time=create_time)

db.session.add(user)

db.session.commit()

return render_template('login.html')

@users.route('/login',methods=['GET','POST'])

def login():

if request.method == 'GET':

return render_template('login.html')

else:

username = request.form.get('username')

password = request.form.get('password')

user = Users.query.filter_by(name=username).first()

if user is not None:

print('用户名存在')

if user.pwd == password:

print('登录成功')

return redirect('/book/readerall')

else:

print('密码不正确')

return redirect('/login')

else:

print('用户名不存在')

return redirect('/login')

7书籍列表蓝图：

from flask import Blueprint,render_template,request,session,redirect,url_for # redirect ,url_for重定向跳转

book = Blueprint('book',name) #模块名/蓝图名叫users

from .models import Books,Users,db,Author

@book.route('/add',methods=["GET",'POST'])

def add():

if request.method == 'GET':

authors = Author.query.all()

return render_template('add.html',authors=authors)

else:

name = request.form.get('name')

price = request.form.get('price')

create_time = request.form.get('create_time')

author_id = request.form.get('author_id')

print(name)

book1 = Books(name=name,price=price,create_time=create_time,author_id=author_id)

db.session.add(book1)

db.session.commit()

# books = Books.query.all()

# return render_template('books.html', books=books)

return redirect('/book/readerall')

@book.route('/delete/int:id')

def delete(id):

book1 = Books.query.get(id)

db.session.delete(book1)

db.session.commit()

# books = Books.query.all()

# return render_template('books.html', books=books)

return redirect('/book/readerall')

@book.route('/update/int:id',methods=["GET","POST"])

def update(id):

if request.method == 'GET':

book1 = Books.query.get(id)

authors = Author.query.all()

return render_template('update.html',authors=authors,book1=book1)

else:

book1 = Books.query.get(id)

name = request.form.get('name')

price = request.form.get('price')

create_time = request.form.get('create_time')

author_id = request.form.get('author_id')

book1.name = name

book1.price = price

book1.create_time = create_time

book1.author_id = author_id

db.session.commit()

# books = Books.query.all()

# return render_template('books.html', books=books)

return redirect('/book/readerall')

@book.route('/readerall',methods=['GET','POST'])

def reader_all():

if request.method == 'GET':

paginate = Books.query.paginate(1, 2) # 默认显示第1页 # 获取页数

page = int(request.args.get('page',1))

if page <= 0:

page = 1

if page >= paginate.pages: # 共3页, 输入30-->显示最大页3

page = paginate.pages #最大页数

paginate = Books.query.paginate(page, 2)# 重新查询

books = paginate.items # 当前页数据(默认是第1页数据)

return render_template('books.html',books=books,paginate=paginate)

else:

name = request.form.get('name')

print(Books.query.filter(Books.name.contains(name)))

paginate = Books.query.filter(Books.name.contains(name)).paginate(1,2)

books = paginate.items

return render_template('books.html',books=books,paginate=paginate)

迁移数据库：

初始化数据库：python manage.py db init

数据库迁移:python manage.py db migrate

生成数据库: python manage.py db upgrade

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