linux大于2T的磁盘格式化

fdisk默认只能格式小于2T的磁盘，我们经常会碰到大于2T的磁盘，我们不能fdisk 格式化。

我们得用parted 来的格式化

parted 命令可能没有，yum install -y parted

真实例子：

[root@ES-TY01 ~]# lsblk
NAME                        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb                           :      .1T   disk
└─sdb1                        :      .1T   part
sdc                           :      .1T   disk
└─sdc1                        :      .1T   part
sdf                           :      .1T   disk
└─sdf1                        :      .1T   part
sde                           :      .1T   disk
└─sde1                        :      .1T   part
sdg                           :      .1T   disk
└─sdg1                        :      .1T   part
sda                           :     .6G   disk
├─sda1                        :       700M   part /boot/efi
├─sda2                        :       100M   part
├─sda3                        :         2G   part
├─sda4                        :       500M   part /boot
└─sda5                        :     .4G   part
  ├─VolGroup-lv_root (dm-) :        50G   lvm  /
  ├─VolGroup-lv_swap (dm-) :         4G   lvm  [SWAP]
  └─VolGroup-lv_home (dm-) :     .4G   lvm  /home
sdh                           :     .1T   disk
└─sdh1                        :     .1T   part
sdd                           :      .1T   disk
sdi                           :     .1T   disk
└─sdi1                        :     .1T   part
sdj                           :     .1T   disk
└─sdj1                        :     .1T   part
sdk                           :     .1T   disk
└─sdk1                        :     .1T   part
sdl                           :     .1T   disk
└─sdl1                        :     .1T   part
sdm                           :     .1T   disk
└─sdm1                        :     .1T   part 

我们看到sdd还没格式化：

[root@ES-TY01 ~]# parted /dev/sdd
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdd
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: DELL PERC H730P Mini (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdd: 10.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags

(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? sdd1
File system type?  [ext2]? ext4
Start?
End? .0TB
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
(parted) p
Model: DELL PERC H730P Mini (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdd: .0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
       .4kB  .0TB  .0TB               sdd1

(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.  

[root@ES-TY02 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sde1
mke2fs 1.41. (-May-)
/dev/sde1 alignment is offset by  bytes.
This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested.
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size= (log=)
Fragment size= (log=)
Stride= blocks, Stripe width= blocks
 inodes,  blocks
 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=
Maximum filesystem blocks=
 block groups
 blocks per group,  fragments per group
 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        , , , , , , , , ,
        , , , , , , ,
        , , , , , 

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal ( blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every  mounts or
 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

一个10T的磁盘，最终大小的SIZE 大约是9T,Avail SIZE 是8.5T,所以相当于损失1.5T，可用率是85%。

[root@hdp08 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem           Type   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                     ext4    50G  .5G   41G  % /
tmpfs                tmpfs  127G   36K  127G   % /dev/shm
/dev/sda4            ext4   477M   40M  413M   % /boot
/dev/sda1            vfat   696M  304K  696M   % /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
                     ext4   384G   67M  364G   % /home
/dev/sdb1            ext4   9.0T   29G  8.5T   % /cloud/data01
/dev/sdc1            ext4   .0T   29G  .5T   % /cloud/data02
/dev/sdd1            ext4   .0T   30G  .5T   % /cloud/data03
/dev/sde1            ext4   .0T   28G  .5T   % /cloud/data04
/dev/sdf1            ext4   .0T   32G  .5T   % /cloud/data05
/dev/sdg1            ext4   .0T   32G  .5T   % /cloud/data06
/dev/sdh1            ext4   .0T   32G  .5T   % /cloud/data07
/dev/sdi1            ext4   .0T   32G  .5T   % /cloud/data08
/dev/sdj1            ext4   .0T   33G  .5T   % /cloud/data09
/dev/sdk1            ext4   .0T   30G  .5T   % /cloud/data10
/dev/sdl1            ext4   .0T   26G  .5T   % /cloud/data11
/dev/sdm1            ext4   .0T   28G  .5T   % /cloud/data12