1 forms组件与modelform组件

forms组件：

https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/9036474.html
modelForm组件：
https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/8034442.html
增删改查----增改涉及form表单

https://www.kancloud.cn/cyyspring/django/619212

Form组件的功能： 1. 校验字段，2. 渲染页面，3.显示错误信息.

一、原生form 的表单增删改查.

1 .modules 文件

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Book(models.Model):

    title =models.CharField(max_length=32)

    price =models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2)

    pub_date =models.DateField()

    publishzd =models.ForeignKey('Publish')

    authors =models.ManyToManyField('Author')

class Publish(models.Model):

    name =models.CharField(max_length=32)

class Author(models.Model):

    name =models.CharField(max_length=32)

view文件

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def books(request):

    book_list =models.Book.objects.all()

    return render(request,'book_list.html',{'book_list':book_list})

##添加页面

def addbook(request):

    if request.method=='POST':

        title =request.POST.get('title')

        price =request.POST.get('price')

        publishzd_id =request.POST.get('publish')

        pub_date =request.POST.get('pub_date')

        authors_pk_list =request.POST.getlist('authors')

        book=models.Book.objects.create(title =title ,price=price ,pub_date = pub_date,publishzd_id=publishzd_id)

        book.authors.set(authors_pk_list)

        models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).update(title=title, price=price, pub_date=pub_date, publishzd_id=publishzd_id)

        book =models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()

        book.authors.set(authors_pk_list)

        return  redirect('/books/')

    publish_list =models.Publish.objects.all()

    author_list =models.Author.objects.all()

    return render(request,'addbook.html',locals())

def changebook(request,id):

    if request.method=='POST':

        title =request.POST.get('title')

        price =request.POST.get('price')

        publishzd_id =request.POST.get('publish')

        pub_date =request.POST.get('pub_date')

        authors_pk_list =request.POST.getlist('authors')

        return redirect('/books/')

    publish_list =models.Publish.objects.all()

    author_list =models.Author.objects.all()

    book_edit =models.Book.objects.get(pk =id)

    return render(request,'changebook.html',locals())

def deletebook(request,id):

    models.Book.objects.get(pk=id).delete()

    return redirect(('/books/'))

url 路由

"""day85 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    . Add an import:  from my_app import views

    . Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    . Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    . Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    . Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include

    . Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^books/$', views.books),

    url(r'^books/add/$', views.addbook),

    url(r'^books/(\d+)/change/$', views.changebook),

    url(r'^books/(\d+)/delete/$', views.deletebook),

]

html list页面

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

<a href="/books/add/">添加书籍</a>

<ul>

    {% for book in book_list %}

    <li>{{ book.title }}===={{ book.price }}====={{ book.publishzd.name }}

        <a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/change">编辑</a>

        <a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/delete">删除</a>

    </li>

    {% endfor %}

</ul>

</body>

</html>

add book 页面

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>addbook</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>添加页面</h1>

<form action=""method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

    <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title"></p>

    <p>价格<input type="text" name="price"></p>

    <p>出版日期<input type="date" name="pub_date"></p>

    <p>

        <select name="publish" id="">

            {% for publish in publish_list %}

                <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>

            {% endfor %}

        </select>

    </p>

    <p>

        <select name="authors" id="" multiple>

            {% for author in author_list %}

                <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>

            {% endfor %}

        </select>

    </p>

    <input type="submit">

</form>

</body>

</html>

change 页面

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>changebook</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>编辑页面</h1>

<form action="" method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

    <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ book_edit.title }}"></p>

    <p>价格<input type="text" name="price" value="{{ book_edit.price }}"></p>

    <p>出版日期<input type="date" name="pub_date" value="{{ book_edit.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d' }}"></p>

    <p>

        <select name="publish" id="">

            {% for publish in publish_list %}

                {% if book_edit.publishzd == publish %}

                    <option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>

                {% else %}

                    <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>

                {% endif %}

            {% endfor %}

        </select>

    </p>

    <p>

        <select name="authors" id="" multiple>

            {% for author in author_list %}

                {% if author in book_edit.authors.all %} }}

                    <option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>

                {% else %}

                     <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>

                {% endif %}

            {% endfor %}

        </select>

    </p>

    <input type="submit" value="提交表单">

</form>

</body>

</html>

二、modelform组件功能

1. 校验字段数据

    forms组件

   （）校验字段数据  

         from django import forms

         class UserForm(forms.Form):

            name = forms.CharField(max_length=)

            age= forms.IntegerField()

            email = forms.EmailField()

        form=UserForm({"names":"alex","email":"123@qq.com","age":})

        form=UserForm({"name":"alex"})

        form=UserForm({"name":"alex","email":"123@qq.com","age":,"a":})

配置文件放在view里面了

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def books(request):

    book_list =models.Book.objects.all()

    return render(request,'book_list.html',{'book_list':book_list})

from django.forms import ModelForm

#将model 和from建立关系

#Modelform 将一个个的model转换成一个form组件

class BookModelForm(ModelForm):

    class Meta:

        model =models.Book

        fields='__all__' #转换所有的模型表（ Book表）

        fields=['title','price','pub_date']#也可以指定校验字段

def addbook(request):

    if request.method=="POST":

        form = BookModelForm(request.POST)

        if form.is_valid():

            form.save()  #等同于 create方法

            return redirect('/books/')

        else:

            return render(request, 'addbook2.html', locals())

    form = BookModelForm()

    return render(request, 'addbook2.html', locals())

def changebook(request,id):

    if request.method=='POST':

        book_edit=models.Book.objects.get(pk=id)

        form =BookModelForm(request.POST,instance=book_edit)

        if form.is_valid():

            form.save()#update方法，edit_book.update()

            return redirect('/books/')

        else:

            return render(request,'addbook2.html',locals())

    book_edit =models.Book.objects.get(pk =id)

    form = BookModelForm(instance=book_edit)

    return render(request,'changebook2.html',locals())

model 文件

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Book(models.Model):

    title =models.CharField(max_length=)

    price =models.DecimalField(max_digits=,decimal_places=)

    pub_date =models.DateField()

    publishzd =models.ForeignKey('Publish')

    authors =models.ManyToManyField('Author')

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

class Publish(models.Model):

    name =models.CharField(max_length=)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):

    name =models.CharField(max_length=)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

addbook html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>addbook</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>添加页面</h1>

<form action=""method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

   {{ form.as_p}}

    <input type="submit">

</form>

</body>

</html>

changebook html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>changebook</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>编辑页面</h1>

<form action="" method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

   {{ form.as_p }}

    <input type="submit" value="提交表单">

</form>

</body>

</html>

1. 创建 modelform类

2. 创建增add 和改 change

三、ModelForm的参数

#Modelform 将一个个的model转换成一个form组件

class BookModelForm(ModelForm):

    class Meta:

        model =models.Book

        fields='__all__' #转换所有的模型表（ Book表）

        # fields=['title','price','pub_date']#也可以指定校验字段

        labels ={'title':'书名','price':'价格'}

        error_messages={

            'title':{'require:'"书籍名称不能为空"}

              },

        widgets={

            'pub_date':wid.TextInput(attrs={'type':'date'})

        }

    def clean_title(self):

        return self.cleaned_data.get('title ')

整理的代码：

1. app01/xadmin.py

from Xadmin.service.Xadmin import site,ModelXadmin

from app01.models import *

from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe

class BookConfig(ModelXadmin):

    def edit(self,obj =None,is_header=False):

        if is_header:

            return "操作"

        #反向解析

        return mark_safe("<a herf ='%s/change'>编辑</a>"%obj.pk)

        #return mark_safe("<a href='%s/change'>编辑</a>" % obj.pk)

    def check(self,obj=None,is_header=False):

        if is_header:

            return "选择"

        return mark_safe("<input type ='checkbox'>")

    def delete(self, obj=None, is_header=False):

        if is_header:

            return "删除"

        return mark_safe('a href =''>删除 </a>')

    def display_authors(self,obj =None,is_header =False):

        if is_header:

            return '作者'

        # s =[]

        # # for author in obj.authors.all():

        # #     s.append(author.name)

        #

        # return mark_safe(','.join(s))

    # list_display = [check,'nid','title','publish','price',edit,delete]

    # list_display = [check,'nid','title','publish','price',display_authors,edit,delete]  #多对多的时候用函数的模式display_authors

    list_display = [check,'nid','title','publish','price','authors',edit,delete]

site.register(Book,BookConfig)

site.register(Publish)

site.register(Author)

site.register(AuthorDetail)

2. Xadmin/service/Xadmin.py

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse,render,redirect

class ModelXadmin(object):

    list_display=["__str__",]

    print('list_display:',list_display)

    def __init__(self,model,site):

        self.model =model

        self.site =site

    def list_view(self,request):

        print("self.model:",self.model) #用户访问哪张表，self.model就是谁。

        model_name =self.model._meta.model_name

        data_list = self.model.objects.all()

        print("list_display",self.list_display)##['title','price]

        print('datalist',data_list)

        #处理表头

        header_list=[]

        #[check,'nid','title','publish','price',edit,delete]

        for field in self.list_display:# model类的字段

            if isinstance(field,str):

                if field =='__str__':

                    print("field",field)

                    val =self.model._meta.model_name.upper()

                    print('val',val)

                else:

                    field_obj =self.model._meta.get_field(field)

                    print('11111111111',field_obj)

                    val =field_obj.verbose_name

                    print(val)

            else:

                val = field(self,is_header=True) #获取表头，传is_header=True

            header_list.append(val)

        #处理表单数据

        new_data_list=[]

        for obj in data_list:# data_list [book_obj,book_obj2...]         data_list = self.model.objects.all()

            print('obj:',obj) #obj Book object 打印的为对象.

            temp =[]

            for field in self.list_display:  #list-display 为在app01下定义的字段. list_display = [check,'nid','title','publish','price'

                if isinstance(field,str):

                    from django.db.models.fields.related import ManyToManyField  # 44行到 53行代码为manytomany多对多字段作者显示的。

                    field_obj = self.model._meta.get_field(field)

                    if isinstance(field_obj, ManyToManyField):

                        t = []

                        for i in getattr(obj,field).all():

                            t.append(str(i))

                        val = ','.join(t)

                        print('manytomany',val)

                    else:

                        val = getattr(obj,field)  #将属性字符串进行getattr操作 比如：getattr(book_obj,title) 结果为linux ,或者

                else:

                    val =field(self,obj)  #执行app01下 的方法.

                temp.append(val)

            new_data_list.append(temp)

        print('data-list:',data_list)  # data-list: <QuerySet [<Book: linux>, <Book: go>, <Book: python>, <Book: c>]>

        print('8888',new_data_list) #8888 [["<input type ='checkbox'>", 1, 'linux', <Publish: 五道口出版社>, Decimal('111.00'), '', "<a herf ='1/change'>编辑</a>", 'a href =>删除 </a>'], ["<input type ='checkbox'>", 2, 'go', <Publish: 上地出版社>, Decimal('222.00'), '哪吒,苑浩', "<a herf ='2/change'>编辑</a>", 'a href =>删除 </a>'], ["<input type ='checkbox'>", 3, 'python', <Publish: 五道口出版社>, Decimal('333.00'), '苑浩,哪吒', "<a herf ='3/change'>编辑</a>", 'a href =>删除 </a>'], ["<input type ='checkbox'>", 4, 'c', <Publish: 清华出版社>, Decimal('444.00'), '', "<a herf ='4/change'>编辑</a>", 'a href =>删除 </a>']]

        return render(request, 'list_view.html', {"new_data_list": new_data_list,"model_name":model_name,"header_list":header_list})

    def add_view(self,request):

        return render(request,'add_view.html')

    def change_view(self,request,id):

        return render(request,'change_view.html')

    def delete_view(self,request,id):

        return render(request,'delete_view.html')

    def get_urls2(self):

        temp =[]

        temp.append(url(r"^$",self.list_view))

        temp.append(url('r^add/$',self.add_view))

        temp.append(url('r^(\d+)/change/$',self.add_view))

        temp.append(url('r^(\d+)/delete/$',self.delete_view))

        return temp

    @property

    def urls2(self):

        print('url2')

        return self.get_urls2(),None,None

class  XadminSite(object):

    def __init__(self,name ='admin'):

        self._registry ={}

    def get_urls(self):

        print(self._registry)# {Book:modelAdmin(Book),.....}

        temp = []

        for model, admin_class_obj in self._registry.items():

            #获取当前循环的model的字符串与所在的app字符串

            app_name = model._meta.app_label # 'app01'

            model_name = model._meta.model_name  #'book'

            temp.append(url(r'^{0}/{1}/'.format(app_name,model_name),admin_class_obj.urls2),)

            return temp

    @property

    def urls(self):

        print('urls')

        return self.get_urls(),None,None

    def register(self ,model,admin_class =None,**options):

        if not admin_class:

            admin_class =ModelXadmin

        self._registry[model]= admin_class(model,self) #{ BOOK：ModelAdmin(Book),Publish:ModelAdmin(Publish)}

site =XadminSite()

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day85 ModuleForm Form组件

Form组件的功能 ： 1. 校验字段 ，2. 渲染页面 ，3.显示错误信息.

一 、原生form 的表单增删改查.