【POJ3461】Olipo

Description

The French author Georges Perec (1936–1982) once wrote a book, La disparition, without the letter 'e'. He was a member of the Oulipo group. A quote from the book:

Tout avait Pair normal, mais tout s’affirmait faux. Tout avait Fair normal, d’abord, puis surgissait l’inhumain, l’affolant. Il aurait voulu savoir où s’articulait l’association qui l’unissait au roman : stir son tapis, assaillant à tout instant son imagination, l’intuition d’un tabou, la vision d’un mal obscur, d’un quoi vacant, d’un non-dit : la vision, l’avision d’un oubli commandant tout, où s’abolissait la raison : tout avait l’air normal mais…

Perec would probably have scored high (or rather, low) in the following contest. People are asked to write a perhaps even meaningful text on some subject with as few occurrences of a given “word” as possible. Our task is to provide the jury with a program that counts these occurrences, in order to obtain a ranking of the competitors. These competitors often write very long texts with nonsense meaning; a sequence of 500,000 consecutive 'T's is not unusual. And they never use spaces.

So we want to quickly find out how often a word, i.e., a given string, occurs in a text. More formally: given the alphabet {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'} and two finite strings over that alphabet, a word W and a text T, count the number of occurrences of W in T. All the consecutive characters of W must exactly match consecutive characters of T. Occurrences may overlap.

Input

The first line of the input file contains a single number: the number of test cases to follow. Each test case has the following format:

• One line with the word W, a string over {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'}, with 1 ≤ |W| ≤ 10,000 (here |W| denotes the length of the string W).
• One line with the text T, a string over {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'}, with |W| ≤ |T| ≤ 1,000,000.

Output

For every test case in the input file, the output should contain a single number, on a single line: the number of occurrences of the word W in the text T.

Sample Input

3
BAPC
BAPC
AZA
AZAZAZA
VERDI
AVERDXIVYERDIAN

Sample Output

1
3
0

Source

BAPC 2006 Qualification

题意：看样例。

KMP模板，程序模拟+手动模拟大概是明白了一些。

 #include <iostream>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstring>

 using namespace std;

 char A[+],B[+];
 int T[+];
 int n,ans;

 void calc_T()//找到失配函数
 {
     T[]=-;
     int j,lenA=strlen(A);
     for (int i=;i<lenA;i++)
     {
         j=T[i];
         while (j!=- && A[j]!=A[i])    j=T[j];
         T[i+]=++j;
     }
 }

 void kmp(int lenA)
 {
     calc_T();
     int j=,k=,lenB=strlen(B);
     while (k<lenB && j<lenA)
     {
         if (k==- || A[j]==B[k])    j++,k++;
         else    k=T[k];
         if (k==lenB)    ans++,k=T[k];
     }
     //return ans;
 }

 int main()
 {
     while (~scanf("%d",&n))
     {
         for (int i=;i<=n;i++)
         {
             ans=;
             scanf("%s%s",B,A);
             kmp(strlen(A));
             printf("%d\n",ans);
         }
     }
 }

Code