ruby URI类

一. URI

require 'uri'

uri = URI("http://foo.com/posts?id=30&limit=5#time=1305298413")
#=> #<URI::HTTP:0x00000000b14880
      URL:http://foo.com/posts?id=30&limit=5#time=1305298413>
uri.scheme
#=> "http"
uri.host
#=> "foo.com"
uri.path
#=> "/posts"
uri.query
#=> "id=30&limit=5"
uri.fragment
#=> "time=1305298413"

uri.to_s
#=> "http://foo.com/posts?id=30&limit=5#time=1305298413"

二. 常用方法

• encode_www_form(enum, enc=nil)

URI.encode_www_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])
#=> "q=ruby&lang=en"
URI.encode_www_form("q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en")
#=> "q=ruby&lang=en"
URI.encode_www_form("q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en")
#=> "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
URI.encode_www_form([["q", "ruby"], ["q", "perl"], ["lang", "en"]])
#=> "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"

• decode_www_form(str, enc=Encoding::UTF_8, separator: '&', use__charset_: false, isindex: false)

ary = URI.decode_www_form("a=1&a=2&b=3")
p ary                  #=> [['a', '1'], ['a', '2'], ['b', '3']]
p ary.assoc('a').last  #=> '1'
p ary.assoc('b').last  #=> '3'
p ary.rassoc('a').last #=> '2'
p Hash[ary]            # => {"a"=>"2", "b"=>"3"}

相当于对请求字符串进行编解码

• URI.encode(str[, unsafe])
  URI.escape(str[, unsafe])

require 'uri'
p URI.encode('http://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/man-1.6/?cmd=view;name=Ruby参考手册')
#=> http://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/man-1.6/?cmd=view;name=Ruby%B2%CE%BF%BC%CA%D6%B2%E1

编码为URI字符串后返回结果

• URI.unescape(str)
  URI.decode(str)

require 'uri'
p URI.unescape('http://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/man-1.6/?cmd=view;name=Ruby%B2%CE%BF%BC%CA%D6%B2%E1')
#=> http://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/man-1.6/?cmd=view;name=Ruby参考手册

解码URI字符串后返回结果