操作文件和目录【TLCL】

• cp – Copy files and directories

• mv – Move/rename files and directories

• mkdir – Create directories

• rm – Remove files and directories

• ln – Create hard and symbolic links

通配符

Wildcard	Meaning
*	Matches any characters
?	Matches any single character
[characters]	Matches any character that is a member of the set characters
[!characters]	Matches any character that is not a member of the set characters
[[:class:]]	Matches any character that is a member of the specified class

字符类

Character Class	Meaning
[:alnum:]	Matches any alphanumeric character
[:alpha:]	Matches any alphabetic character
[:digit:]	Matches any numeral
[:lower:]	Matches any lowercase letter
[:upper:]	Matches any uppercase letter

• mkdir directory...

• cp item1 item2

• cp item... directory

Option	Meaning
-a, --archive	Copy the files and directories and all of their attributes, including ownerships and permissions. Normally, copies take on the default attributes of the user performing the copy
-i, --interactive	Before overwriting an existing file, prompt the user for confirmation. If this option is not specified, cp will silently overwrite files.
-r, --recursive	Recursively copy directories and their contents. This option (or the -a option) is required when copying directories.
-u, --update	When copying files from one directory to another, only copy files that either don't exist, or are newer than the existing corresponding files, in the destination directory.
-v, --verbose	Display informative messages as the copy is performed.

• mv item1 item2
• mv item... directory

• rm item...

先用 ls 命令来测试通配符

• ln file link      硬链接

• ln -s item link    符号链接

硬链接不能关联文件系统之外的文件，不能关联目录