MySQL多实例配置

实验环境：RHEL6.4为最小化安装，mysql安装包为通用二进制安装包，版本为mysql-5.6.26

1. 创建mysql用户

   #useradd –M –s /sbin/nologin mysql

   #yum –y install ncurses-devel libaio-devel

   #安装mysql的依赖包，否则下面无法初始化成功

2. 软件包解压缩

   # tar xf mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

   # mv /usr/local/mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql

3. 创建目录

   # mkdir /data/{3306,3307}/data –pv

   # mkdir /data/{3306,3307}/log –pv

   # tree /data/ #查看目录树

4. /data/3306中新建my.cnf

# cd /data/3306/

# vim my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port=3306

socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock

pid-file = /data/3306/data/mysql.pid

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/3306/data

server-id=1

#log-bin=mysql-bin

#log-bin-index= mysql-bin.index

# LOGGING

log_error=/data/3306/log/mysql-error.log

slow_query_log_file=/data/3306/log/mysql-slow.log

slow_query_log=1

5. /data/3307中新建my.cnf

# cd ../3307/

# vim my.cnf

[client]

port = 3307

socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port=3307

socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock

pid-file = /data/3307/data/mysql.pid

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/3307/data

server-id=2

#log-bin=mysql-bin

#log-bin-index= mysql-bin.index

# LOGGING

log_error=/data/3307/log/mysql-error.log

slow_query_log_file=/data/3307/log/mysql-slow.log

slow_query_log=1

6.
在/data/3306中新建mysql启动文件

# cd /data/3306/

# vim mysql

#!/bin/sh

[ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] && . /etc/init.d/functions

port=3306

mysql_user="root"

mysql_pwd=""

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

CmdPath="/usr/local/mysql/bin"

#startup function

usage(){

printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"

}

function_start_mysql()

{

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

/bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

action "Starting MySQL..." /bin/true

else

printf "MySQL is running...\n"

exit

fi

}

#stop function

function_stop_mysql()

{

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

exit

else

action "Stoping MySQL..." /bin/true

${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown

fi

}

#restart function

function_restart_mysql()

{

function_stop_mysql &>/dev/null

sleep 2

function_start_mysql &>/dev/null

action "Restarting MySQL..." /bin/true

}

if [ $# -ne 1 ];then

usage

fi

case $1 in

start)

function_start_mysql

;;

stop)

function_stop_mysql

;;

restart)

function_restart_mysql

;;

*)

usage

esac

#chmod +x mysql

、在/data/3307中新建mysql启动文件

# cd /data/3307/

# vim mysql

#!/bin/bash

[ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] && . /etc/init.d/functions

port=3307

mysql_user="root"

mysql_pwd=""

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

CmdPath="/usr/local/mysql/bin"

usage(){

printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"

}

#startup function

function_start_mysql()

{

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

/bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

action "Starting MySQL..." /bin/true

else

printf "MySQL is running...\n"

exit

fi

}

#stop function

function_stop_mysql()

{

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

exit

else

action "Stoping MySQL..." /bin/true

${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown

fi

}

#restart function

function_restart_mysql()

{

function_stop_mysql &>/dev/null

sleep 2

function_start_mysql &>/dev/null

action "Restarting MySQL..." /bin/true

}

case $1 in

start)

function_start_mysql

;;

stop)

function_stop_mysql

;;

restart)

function_restart_mysql

;;

*)

usage

esac

#chmod +x mysql

8. 修改文件拥有者和权限

#chown -R mysql:mysql /data

9. 添加mysql启动路径 

#echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >>/etc/profile
   #source /etc/profile

10. 初始化数据库 

# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/

#./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data

#./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data

11. 启动mysql

#/data/3306/mysql start
#/data/3307/mysql start
#netstat -lntp | grep 330    #查看是否启动进程

12. 登陆mysql

①# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock #刚安装完的mysql是没有登陆密码的

#如果不成功，检查/data/3306/log目录下的mysql-error.log日志，逐一排除错误

如果登陆成功，下面就修改登录密码

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password("123456") where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

不建议在shell环境下修改密码，否则别人只要查看命令历史就能看到密码。当然你也可以是shell下进行，但是记得要清楚历史命令记录。

的登陆密码
# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password("123456") where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

③要把上面更改后的密码写回到mysql的启动文件中（否则每次启动、关闭、重启mysql都要输入密码）

# sed -i 's/mysql_pwd=\"\"/mysql_pwd=\"123456\"/g' /data/3306/mysql
#sed -i 's/mysql_pwd=\"\"/mysql_pwd=\"123456\"/g' /data/3307/mysql

也可以手动进行修改

#vim /data/3306/mysql

# vim /data/3307/mysql

13. 重启mysql

#/data/3306/mysql restart

#/data/3307/mysql restart
    #netstat -lntp | grep 330

14.知识点

进入mysql时，要记得加-S 指定mysql套接字的路径

# mysql –u root –p -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

下面的命令可以平滑关闭mysql

# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown