通过Instant Client包来使用SQL*PLUS

1.首先下载两个程序包：

Instant Client Package - Basic（或Instant Client Package - Basic Lite）包

Instant Client Package - SQL*Plus包

下载地址：

http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/software/tech/oci/instantclient/index.html

2.将Instant Client Package – Basic和Instant Client Package - SQL*Plus解压，

例将其中的文件放在目录C:\Instantclient10_2下

3.设置环境变量：

  1)在环境变量PATH中开头增加C:\Instantclient10_2;

  2)增加用户环境变量SQLPATH，值为C:\Instantclient10_2

  3)增加用户环境变量NLS_LANG，值为AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8（中文可能乱码，可改用AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK）

4.到此已经可以用SQL*Plus连接远程数据库，但书写方式必须如下例：

Sqlplus SYS/SYS@//192.168.0.2:1521/VMORCL

如果想要使用配置于TNSnames.ora中的连接字符串来连接，

增加环境变量TNS_ADMIN，

   值为tnsnames.ora所在的目录，例： C:\Instantclient10_2\network\admin(建立

C:\Instantclient10_2\network\admin目录，将TNSnames.ora放在此目录下)，

并编辑TNSnames.ora

如：

LORCL=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS =

(PROTOCOL = TCP)

(Host = 192.168.159.128)

(Port = 1521)

)

)

(CONNECT_DATA = (SID = LORCL)

)

)

此时连接数据库，例：

Sqlplus sys/sys@vmorcl as sysdba

或sqlplus sys@vmorcl as sysdba

另：使用PL/SQL Developer的话，直接在preference中将oracle home 设置为C:\instantclient10_2,oci library

       设为C:\instantclient\oci.dll

------------------------------------------------------------设置结束----------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

附：

一个网友按照上面步骤做了之后说还是不可以用，报错，

Initialization error

Could not load “C:\Instantclient10_2\oci.dll”

OCIDLL forced to C:\Instantclient10_2\oci.dll

LoadLibrary(C:\Instantclient10_2\oci.dll) returned 0

折腾很久没找到原因，后来他告诉我说他的目录不是C:\Instantclient10_2，而是C:\Instantclient11_XX，无语..

把自己Developer的Oracle Home的目录改成一个不存在的目录，测试，果然出现他所说的错误，如下

 

而且登陆框是下面这个样子

明显没有应用到那个InstantClient中的组件…

正常的时候应该像如下：

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附：SQL*Plus? User's Guide and Reference Release 10.2中详细说明

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14357/ape.htm#sthref3926

Oracle Call Interface Programmer's Guide for more information on the OCI Instant Client.

To Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide, and NLS_LANG Environment Variable for more information about NLS settings.

http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/oci/instantclient/instantclient.html

. Both packages must be from the same version such as 10.2.0.1.

2.     Use rpm -i for the initial install of the RPM packages, or rpm -u to upgrade to a newer version of the packages.

3.     Configure SQL*Plus Instant Client. See Configuring SQL*Plus Instant Client.

http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/oci/instantclient/instantclient.html

. Both packages must be from the same version such as 10.2.0.1.

2.     Create a new directory, for example, /home/instantclient10_2 on UNIX or c:\instantclient10_2 on Windows.

3.     Unzip the two packages into the new directory.

4.     Configure SQL*Plus Instant Client. See Configuring SQL*Plus Instant Client.

Installing SQL*Plus Instant Client on UNIX or Linux or Installing SQL*Plus Instant Client on Windows for a list of the files to copy.

4.     Configure SQL*Plus Instant Client. See Configuring SQL*Plus Instant Client.

Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for more information.

For example:

NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

export NLS_LANG

Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for more information.

For example:

NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

export NLS_LANG

Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for more information. For example, to set NLS_LANG for a Japanese environment, create a user environment variable NLS_LANG set to JAPANESE_JAPAN.JA16EUC.

If you have installed the lightweight Instant Client, see Lightweight Instant Client for information about supported NLS_LANG settings.

Oracle Database Net Services Reference for more information.

If you want to use Net Service Names configured in a local Oracle Net tnsnames.ora file, then set the environment variable TNS_ADMIN to the directory containing the tnsnames.ora file. For example, on UNIX, if your tnsnames.ora file is in /home/user1 and it defines the Net Service Name MYDB2:

TNS_ADMIN=/home/user1

export TNS_ADMIN

sqlplus hr@MYDB2

If TNS_ADMIN is not set, then an operating system dependent set of directories is examined to find tnsnames.ora. This search path includes looking in the directory specified by the ORACLE_HOME environment variable for network/admin/tnsnames.ora. This is the only reason to set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable for SQL*Plus Instant Client. If ORACLE_HOME is set when running Instant Client applications, it must be set to a directory that exists.

This example assumes the ORACLE_HOME environment variable is set, and the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora or %ORACLE_HOME%\network\admin\tnsnames.ora file defines the Net Service Name MYDB3:

sqlplus hr@MYDB3

The TWO_TASK (on UNIX) or LOCAL (on Windows) environment variable can be set to a connection identifier. This removes the need to explicitly enter the connection identifier whenever a connection is made in SQL*Plus or SQL*Plus Instant Client. This UNIX example connects to the database known as MYDB4:

TNS_ADMIN=/home/user1

export TNS_ADMIN

TWO_TASK=MYDB4

export TWO_TASK

sqlplus hr

On Windows, TNS_ADMIN and LOCAL may be set in the System Properties. SeeConfiguring SQL*Plus Instant Client on Windows.

Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for information on Oracle password files.

Installing SQL*Plus Instant Client from the 10g Client Release Media for a list of the files you copied to the directory.

2.     Reset environment variables such as PATH, SQLPATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH and TNS_ADMIN.

3.     Remove tnsnames.ora if necessary.