Cobbler自动化工具实践

1.Cobbler Install

安装前准备  /*注：Cobbler需安装在CentOS7机器上面，建议安装Cobbler机器的CentOS7 everything版本*/

关闭SELinux

cat /etc/redhat-release
setenforce 0 
getenforce  //得到的结果需要是：Permissive

如果不是，执行两步：

sed -i "s#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce
reboot

关闭防火墙：

systemctl stop firewalld

开机不启用防火墙：

systemctl disable firewalld

安装wget

yum -y install wget

添加一个epel源：

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart httpd dhcp tftp xinetd

启动：

systemctl start httpd
systemctl start cobblerd

设置cobbler和httpd为开机自启动：

systemctl enable httpd
systemctl enable cobblerd

查看cobblerd的启动状态：

netstat -lntup //查看已经启动的端口

检查：

cobbler check

对报错进行修复：

vim /etc/cobbler/settings

修改 【384行 server: 127.0.0.1为384 server: 本机的ip地址】【272行 next_server: 127.0.0.1为272 next_server: 本机的ip地址】

对应的修改命令为：

sed -i "s#server: 127.0.0.1#server: `ip addr|grep inet|grep brd|awk '{ print $2 }'|awk -F/ '{ print $1 }'`#g" /etc/cobbler/settings

　

2.编辑/etc/xinetd.d/tftp

vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

 

修改“    disable                 = yes"为"    disable                 = no" 用sed工具修改：

sed -i '14s/^.*$/    disable            = no/'  /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

 

3.执行一条命令：

cobbler get-loaders

4.启动rsyncd服务并添加为开机启动项：

systemctl start rsyncd.service
systemctl enable rsyncd.service

查看启动状态：

systemctl status rsyncd.service
systemctl restart xinetd
systemctl enable xinetd

5.设置密码：

openssl passwd - -salt 'cobbler' 'cobbler'

执行结果：$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6.

 

复制此结果到： /etc/cobbler/settings 中

 

 

vim /etc/cobbler/settings：

101行 替换

default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."

为

default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6."

 

sed实现：

sed -i 's#default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."#default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6."#g' /etc/cobbler/settings

安装其它两个模块：

yum -y install fence-agents debmirror

6.重启cobbler服务：

systemctl restart cobblerd

7.用cobbler sync同步一下

cobbler sync

 

 

 

 

再次执行：

cobbler check

 

vim /etc/debmirror.conf

 

修改@dists="sid";为#@dists="sid"; //*其实就是注释掉这一行

修改@arches="i386";为#@arches="i386";//*其实就是注释掉这一行

sed -i 's/@dists=\"sid\";/#@dists=\"sid\";/g' /etc/debmirror.conf
sed -i 's/@arches=\"i386\";/#@arches=\"i386\";/g' /etc/debmirror.conf

reboot

systemctl restart cobblerd

systemctl restart httpd

cobbler check

 

管理dhcp服务：

vim /etc/cobbler/settings

 

修改：242 manage_dhcp: 0为242manage_dhcp: 1

sed -i 's#manage_dhcp: 0#manage_dhcp: 1#g' /etc/cobbler/settings

 

cobbler自带dhcp配置文件：

/etc/cobbler/modules.conf

 

查看dhcp的模板文件：

vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

 

修改部分：

subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

     option routers             192.168.2.1;

     option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;

     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.2.100 192.168.2.254;

     default-lease-time         ;

     max-lease-time             ;

     next-server                $next_server;

 

systemctl restart cobblerd

 

cobbler sync

到此为止：cobbler装完了也配置好了；

 

distro发行版：centos6/7

1.挂载CentOS7系统ISO光盘

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

 

2.import导入系统镜像

cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS--x86- --arch=x86_64

 

--path 镜像路径

--name 安装源定义名称

--arch 制动操作系统平台是32/64位

镜像存放目录，cobbler会将所有的安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirrors

 

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

 

vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-.cfg

 

lang en_US
keyboard us
timezone Asia/Shanghai
rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted
text
install
url --url=$tree
bootloader --location=mbr
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype xfs --size  --ondisk sda
part swap --size  --ondisk sda
part / --fstype xfs --size  --grow  --ondisk sda
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
$SNIPPET('network_config')
reboot
firewall --disabled
selinux --disabled
skipx

%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%end

%packages
@base
@core
sysstat
iptraf
ntp
lrzsz
ncurses-devel
openssl-devel
zlib-devel
OpenIPMI-tools
tree
nmap
screen
%end

%post
systemctl disable postfix.service
%end

 

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS---x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-.cfg

cobbler profile report

 

挂上配置文件

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS---x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-.cfg

 

再挂载一块Centos6的ISO映像文件

先解除CentOS7的挂载：

umount /dev/cdrom

挂载Centos6镜像文件

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

 

import导入系统镜像

cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS--x86_64 --arch=x86_64

vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6-x86_64.cfg

 

auth --useshadow --enablemd5
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype ext4 --size  --ondisk sda
part swap --size  --grow --ondisk sda
part / --fstype ext4 --size  --grow --ondisk sda
text
firewall --disable
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
url --url=$tree
$yum_repo_stanza
$SNIPPET('network_config')
reboot
rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted
selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai
install

zerombr
%packages
@base
@compat-libraries
@debugging
@development
tree
nmap
sysstat
lrzsz
dos2unix
telnet
%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%post
%end

 

先查看：

cobbler profile list

 查看到的结果

CentOS---x86_64
CentOS---x86_64

所以下面的--name=后面应该写入CentOS-6-64-x86_64

 

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS---x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6-x86_64.cfg

systemctl restart dhcpd
systemctl enable dhcpd

添加epel源：

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
yum makecache

Cobbler自定义重装

yum -y install koan

指定重装的系统[先在cobbler服务端用Cobbler profile list查看一下]

koan --server=192.168.2.13 --profile=CentOS---x86_64 --display
koan --server=192.168.2.13 --profile=CentOS---x86_64 --r //koan写入，只有写入后重启才会生效

 

Cobbler自定义仓库：

 

1.添加repo：

cobbler repo add --name=zabbix3. --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum
cobbler repo add --name=openstack-n-centos7 --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.5.1804/cloud/x86_64/openstack-ocata/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum

2.同步repo：

cobbler reposync

[删除repo源]

cobbler repo remove --name=zabbix3.
cobbler repo list

[更改repo名称]

cobbler repo rename --name=openstack-n --newname=openstack-n-centos7

3.添加repo到对应的profile：

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS---x86_64 --repos=openstack-n-centos7

查看是否添加成功：

cobbler profile report --name=CentOS---x86_64

修改配置文件内容：

vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-.cfg

在systemctl disable postfix.service和%end中间添加一条：

$yum_config_stanza

添加定时任务，定期同步repo：

echo "00 3 * * * /usr/bin/cobbler reposync --tries=3 --no-fail" >> /var/spool/cron/root

或者

echo "00 3 * * * /usr/bin/cobbler reposync --tries=3 --no-fail >> /soft/scripts/log/cobbler_rsync.log">> /var/spool/cron/root

 

替换系统选择界面：

vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template

修改第三行：

MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/i[修改为你自己想要的内容]

 

 

同步一下：

cobbler sync

Cobbler自定义安装：

唯一身份标识符：身份证

服务器标识符：MAC地址

 

MAC地址标识符-->固定IP地址 掩码 网关 dns 主机名

 

 

查看系统里面的profile：

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile list

  CentOS-6-64-x86_64

  CentOS-7-64-x86_64

 

 

自定义安装命令：

cobbler system add --name=linux-node2.com --mac=:0C:::: --profile=CentOS---x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.2.110 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.2.1 --interface=eth0 --static= --hostname=linux-node2.com --name-servers="8.8.8.8"

同步：

cobbler sync

查看创建情况：

cobbler system report