使用MyEclipse开发第一个Web程序

MyEclipse环境配置

　　首先，安装一个MyEclipse，然后进行一些相关的环境配置（Window->Preferences）：

　　比如字体、Formatter等。

　　也可以从Eclipse中导出配置，然后在MyEclipse中导入。

　　这里需要特别注意的是两个配置：

　　1.JSP的打开方式：

　　选为用编辑器打开：

　　Window->Preferences->General->File Associations

　　然后在右边窗口选jsp，下面选择MyEclipse JSP Editor，在右边按下Default按钮将其选为默认。

　　2.编码格式的选择

　　因为默认的格式不支持中文，所以需要将默认的格式改为UTF-8，这样就不用为了支持中文每次修改。

　　在Window->Preferences中搜索JSP，在左边点JSP，找到编码设置，设置为UTF-8：

新建程序

　　新建一个Web程序，File->New->Web Project.

　　起一个名叫HelloWeb，然后选6.0，点Finish：

　　之后项目就建成了：

　　打开index.jsp，可以修改里面的正文.

　　比如我的 index.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

    <!--

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

    -->

  </head>

  <body>

    This is my JSP page. —— 圣骑士Wind <br>

  </body>

</html>

通过Tomcat服务器访问

　　想通过浏览器访问这个页面，需要在Tomcat中配置相关路径：

　　找到Tomcat的conf目录，有一个叫server.xml的文件。

　　用编辑器打开这个文件，拉到最后，在Host标签结束前加上这么一行：

 <Context path="/HelloWeb" docBase="E:\MDD\MyEclipseWorkspace\HelloWeb\WebRoot" reloadable="true"/>

　　注意Context首字母大写。

　　path属性值为访问页面时需要的，服务器端口号之后的第一个路径名，这里用的是\加项目名（用别的名称也行）。斜杠不能少。

　　这里起的名要和之后浏览器中访问的地址对应（见下文端口号8080后的那个路径名）。

　　docBase属性值项目的WebRoot路径。

　　完整的server.xml看起来像这样：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!--

  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with

  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License.

-->

<!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not

     define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

     Documentation at /docs/config/server.html

 -->

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

  <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />

  -->

  <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />

  <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />

  <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

  <!-- Global JNDI resources

       Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html

  -->

  <GlobalNamingResources>

    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by

         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users

    -->

    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"

              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"

              description="User database that can be updated and saved"

              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"

              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />

  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share

       a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",

       so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

       Documentation at /docs/config/service.html

   -->

  <Service name="Catalina">

    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->

    <!--

    <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"

        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>

    -->

    <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received

         and responses are returned. Documentation at :

         Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)

         Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html

         APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html

         Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080

    -->

    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

               connectionTimeout="20000"

               redirectPort="8443" />

    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->

    <!--

    <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"

               port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

               connectionTimeout="20000"

               redirectPort="8443" />

    -->

    <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443

         This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the

         connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration

         described in the APR documentation -->

    <!--

    <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"

               maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"

               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />

    -->

    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->

    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

    <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes

         every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone

         analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them

         on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).

         Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

    <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :

    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">

    -->

    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:

          /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)

          /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->

      <!--

      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>

      -->

      <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords

           via a brute-force attack -->

      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">

        <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI

             resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits

             that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately

             available for use by the Realm.  -->

        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"

               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>

      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"

            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications

             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->

        <!--

        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />

        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.

             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html

             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->

        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

               <Context path="/HelloWeb" docBase="E:\MDD\MyEclipseWorkspace\HelloWeb\WebRoot" reloadable="true"/>

      </Host>

    </Engine>

  </Service>

</Server>

　　保存之后，运行Tomcat的bin目录下的startup.bat批处理程序，启动服务器。

　　服务器启动后，在浏览器的地址栏输入：http://localhost:8080/HelloWeb/index.jsp

　　即可看到自己的页面，如下：