python之上下文管理、redis的发布订阅、rabbitmq

使用with打开文件的方式，是调用了上下文管理的功能

 #打开文件的两种方法：

 f = open('a.txt','r')

 with open('a.txt','r') as f 

 实现使用with关闭socket
 import contextlib
 import socket

 @contextlib.contextmanage
 def Sock(ip,port):
     socket = socket.socket()
     socket.bind((ip,port))
     socket.listen(5)
     try:
         yield socket
     finally:
         socket.close()

 #执行Sock函数传入参数，执行到yield socket返回值给s，执行with语句体，执行finally后面的语句
 with Sock('127.0.0.1',8000) as s:
     print(s)

redis的发布订阅

class RedisHelper:

    def __init__(self):
        #调用类时自动连接redis
        self.__conn = redis.Redis(host='192.168.1.100')

    def public(self, msg, chan):
        self.__conn.publish(chan, msg)
        return True

    def subscribe(self, chan):
        pub = self.__conn.pubsub()
        pub.subscribe(chan)
        pub.parse_response()
        return pub

#订阅者
import s3

obj = s3.RedisHelper()
data = obj.subscribe('fm111.7')
print(data.parse_response())

#发布者
import s3

obj = s3.RedisHelper()
obj.public('alex db', 'fm111.7')

RabbitMQ

 #消费者
 import pika

 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='127.0.0.1'))
 channel = connection.channel()#创建对象

 channel.queue_declare(queue = 'wocao')
 def callback(ch,method,properties,body):
     print("[x] Received %r"%body)

 channel.basic_consume(callback,queue = 'wocao',no_ack = True)
 print('[*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
 channel.start_consuming()

 #生产者
 import pika
 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='127.0.0.1'))
 channel = connection.channel()
 channel.queue_declare(queue = 'wocao')#指定一个队列，不存在此队列则创建
 channel.basic_publish(exchange = '',routing_key = 'wocao',body = 'hello world!')
 print("[x] Sent 'hello world!")
 connection.close()

exchange type类型

#生产者
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
        host='192.168.11.87'))
channel = connection.channel()
#fanout类型，对绑定该exchange的队列实行广播
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs_fanout',
                         type='fanout')

# 随机创建队列
result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
# 绑定exchange
channel.queue_bind(exchange='logs_fanout',
                   queue=queue_name)

print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] %r" % body)

channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue=queue_name,
                      no_ack=True)

channel.start_consuming()
#消费者
import pika

#发送方
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
        host='192.168.11.87'))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs_fanout',
                         type='fanout')

message = "what's the fuck"
#设置exchange的名
channel.basic_publish(exchange='logs_fanout',
                      routing_key='',
                      body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
connection.close()

 #根据关键字发送指定队列
 #生产者（发布者）
 import pika
 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
                                      host = '127.0.0.1'))
 channel = connection.channel()

 channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs_1',
                          type='direct')  # 关键字发送到队列
 #对error关键字队列发送指令
 severity = 'error'
 message = ''
 channel.basic_publish(exchange = 'direct_logs_1',
                        routing_key = severity,
                        body = message)
 print('[x] Sent %r:%r'%(severity,message))
 connection.close()
 #消费者（订阅者）
 import pika
 #消费者
 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
                                      host = '127.0.0.1'))
 channel = connection.channel()
 channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs_1',
                          type = 'direct')#关键字发送到队列

 result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
 queue_name = result.method.queue
 serverities = ['error','info','warning']
 for severity in serverities:
     channel.queue_bind(exchange='direct_logs_1',
                        queue = queue_name,
                        routing_key = severity)
 def callback(ch,method,properties,body):
     print('[x] %r:%r'%(method.routing_key,body))

 channel.basic_consume(callback,
                       queue = queue_name,
                       no_ack = True)
 channel.start_consuming()

 #实现消息不丢失接收方
 import pika
 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host = '10.211.55.4'))
 channel = connection.channel()
 channel.queue_declare(queue = 'hello')

 def callback(ch,method,properties,body):
     print('redeived %s'%body)
     import time
     time.sleep(10)
     print('ok')
     ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag= method.delivery_tag)
 #no_ack = False接收方接受完请求后发送给对方一个接受成功的信号，如果没收到mq会重新将任务放到队列
 channel.basic_consume(callback,queue = 'hello',no_ack=False)
 print(' Waiting for messages.To exit press CTRL+C')
 channel.start_consuming()

 #发送方
 #实现消息不丢失
 import pika
 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host = '10.211.55.4'))
 channel = connection.channel()
 channel.queue_declare(queue = 'hello',durable = True)
 channel.basic_publish(exchange = '',routing_key = 'hello world',
                       properties = pika.BasicProperties(
                           delivery_mode=2,
                       ))#发送方不丢失，发送方保持持久化
 print(' Waiting for messages.To exit press CTRL+C')
 channel.start_consuming()

 #接收方
 import pika

 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='192.168.11.100'))
 channel = connection.channel()

 channel.queue_declare(queue='hello', durable=True)
 def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
     print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
     import time
     time.sleep(10)
     print 'ok'
     ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag = method.delivery_tag)
 channel.basic_consume(callback,
                       queue='hello',
                       no_ack=False)
 channel.start_consuming()

RabbitMQ队列中默认情况下，接收方从队列中获取消息是顺序的，例如：接收方1只从队列中获取奇数的任务，接收方2只从队列中获取偶数任务

import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='192.168.11.100'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
    import time
    time.sleep(10)
    print 'ok'
    ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag = method.delivery_tag)
#表示队列不分奇偶分配，谁来取任务就给谁
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue='hello',
                      no_ack=False)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()

RabbitMQ会重新将该任务添加到队列中