C# 操作XML学习笔记

1. Customers.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <cust:customers xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Customers.xsd"
            xmlns:cust="http://asn.test.xsd/customers">
     <cust:customer customerid="1">
         <cust:firstname>John</cust:firstname>
         <cust:lastname>Cranston</cust:lastname>
         <cust:homephone>(445) 269-9857</cust:homephone>
         <cust:notes><![CDATA[He registed as our member since 1990. John has nice credity. He is a member of Custom International.]]></cust:notes>
     </cust:customer>
     <cust:customer customerid="2">
         <cust:firstname>Annie</cust:firstname>
         <cust:lastname>Loskar</cust:lastname>
         <cust:homephone>(445) 269-9482</cust:homephone>
         <cust:notes><![CDATA[Annie registed as our member since 1984. He became our VIP customer in 1996.]]></cust:notes>
     </cust:customer>
     <cust:customer customerid="3">
         <cust:firstname>Bernie</cust:firstname>
         <cust:lastname>Christo</cust:lastname>
         <cust:homephone>(445) 269-3412</cust:homephone>
         <cust:notes><![CDATA[Bernie registed as our member since June 2010. He is a new member.]]></cust:notes>
     </cust:customer>
     <cust:customer customerid="4">
         <cust:firstname>Ernestine</cust:firstname>
         <cust:lastname>Borrison</cust:lastname>
         <cust:homephone>(445) 269-7742</cust:homephone>
         <cust:notes><![CDATA[Ernestine registed as our member since Junl 2010. She is a new member.]]></cust:notes>
     </cust:customer>
     <cust:customer customerid="5">
         <cust:firstname>asn</cust:firstname>
         <cust:lastname>asn</cust:lastname>
         <cust:homephone>(445) 269-9857</cust:homephone>
         <cust:notes><![CDATA[He registed as our member since 1990. John has nice credity. He is a member of Custom International.]]></cust:notes>
     </cust:customer>
 </cust:customers>

2. 操作类

     class Books
     {

         private static string booksXsdPath = getProjectPath() + "files\\books.xsd";
         private static string booksXmlPath = getProjectPath() + "files\\booksSchemaFail.xml";

         private static void GenCustomerXSD()
         {

             XmlSchema _schema = new XmlSchema();
             //定义简单类型 NameSimpleType
             XmlSchemaSimpleType _nameType = new XmlSchemaSimpleType();

             XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction _nameTypeRes = new XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction();
             _nameTypeRes.BaseTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("string", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
             XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet _nameFacet1 = new XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet();
             _nameFacet1.Value = "";
             XmlSchemaMinLengthFacet _nameFacet2 = new XmlSchemaMinLengthFacet();
             _nameFacet2.Value = "";
             _nameTypeRes.Facets.Add(_nameFacet1);
             _nameTypeRes.Facets.Add(_nameFacet2);

             _nameType.Content = _nameTypeRes;

             //定义简单类型 PhoneSimpleType
             XmlSchemaSimpleType _phoneType = new XmlSchemaSimpleType();

             XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction _phoneTypeRes = new XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction();
             _phoneTypeRes.BaseTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("string", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
             XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet _phoneFacet1 = new XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet();
             _phoneFacet1.Value = "";
             _phoneTypeRes.Facets.Add(_phoneFacet1);

             _phoneType.Content = _phoneTypeRes;

             // 定义简单类型 NotesSimpleType
             XmlSchemaSimpleType _notesType = new XmlSchemaSimpleType();

             XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction _notesTypeRes = new XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction();
             _notesTypeRes.BaseTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("string", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");

             XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet _notesFacet1 = new XmlSchemaMaxLengthFacet();
             _notesFacet1.Value = "";

             _notesTypeRes.Facets.Add(_notesFacet1);
             _notesType.Content = _notesTypeRes;

             // 定义CustomerType复杂类型
             XmlSchemaComplexType _customerType = new XmlSchemaComplexType();

             XmlSchemaSequence _sequence = new XmlSchemaSequence();

             XmlSchemaElement _firstName = new XmlSchemaElement();
             _firstName.Name = "firstName";
             _firstName.SchemaType = _nameType;

             XmlSchemaElement _lastName = new XmlSchemaElement();
             _lastName.Name = "lastName";
             _lastName.SchemaType = _nameType;

             XmlSchemaElement _homePhone = new XmlSchemaElement();
             _homePhone.Name = "homePhone";
             _homePhone.SchemaType = _phoneType;

             XmlSchemaElement _notes = new XmlSchemaElement();
             _notes.Name = "notes";
             _notes.SchemaType = _notesType;

             _sequence.Items.Add(_firstName);
             _sequence.Items.Add(_lastName);
             _sequence.Items.Add(_homePhone);
             _sequence.Items.Add(_notes);

             _customerType.Particle = _sequence;

             // 定义属性customerId
             XmlSchemaAttribute _customerId = new XmlSchemaAttribute();
             _customerId.Name = "customerId";
             _customerId.SchemaTypeName = new XmlQualifiedName("int", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
             _customerId.Use = XmlSchemaUse.Required;
             _customerType.Attributes.Add(_customerId);

             // 定义 CustomersType 复杂类型
             XmlSchemaComplexType _customersType = new XmlSchemaComplexType();
             XmlSchemaSequence _sq = new XmlSchemaSequence();
             XmlSchemaElement _customer = new XmlSchemaElement();
             _customer.Name = "customer";
             _customer.SchemaType = _customerType;
             _customer.MinOccurs = ;
             _customer.MaxOccursString = "unbounded";
             _sq.Items.Add(_customer);
             _customersType.Particle = _sq;

             // 定义 customers 元素
             XmlSchemaElement _customers = new XmlSchemaElement();
             _customers.Name = "customers";
             _customers.SchemaType = _customersType;

             // 把 customers 元素， 添加到模式_schema下
             _schema.Items.Add(_customers);

             try
             {
                 XmlSchemaSet _set = new XmlSchemaSet();
                 _set.Add(_schema);
                 _set.Compile();
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 Console.WriteLine("模式编译失败：" + ex.Message);
             }

             XmlTextWriter _write = new XmlTextWriter(getProjectPath() + "files\\customers.xsd", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
             _schema.Write(_write);
             _write.Close();

         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 通过 XmlReader 在加载XML文档时同时加载XSD进行校验
         /// </summary>
         private static void BooksValidationByXmlReader()
         {
             XmlSchemaSet schemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet();
             schemaSet.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", booksXsdPath);

             XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
             settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
             settings.Schemas = schemaSet;
             settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);

             // 在加载XML文档时同时，加载XSD，进行校验
             XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(booksXmlPath, settings);

             while (reader.Read()) ;
             /*
              * Validation Error: The element 'book' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'
              * has invalid child element 'author' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'.
              *
              * List of possible elements expected: 'title' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'.
              *
              * Validation Error: The element 'author' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'
              * has invalid child element'name' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'.
              *
              * List of possible elements expected: 'first-name' in namespace 'urn:bookstore-schema'.
              *
              * */
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 通过XmlDocument类的 Validate() 方法，验证XML数据是否符合指定的XSD模式文件
         /// </summary>
         private static void BooksValidationByXmlDocument()
         {
             XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

             /*
              * doc.LoadXml() 从指定的xml string 字符串中解析XML DOM
              * */
             doc.Load(booksXmlPath);
             doc.Schemas.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", booksXsdPath);
             doc.Validate(ValidationCallBack);

         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 使用XPathDocument遍历XML文档
         /// </summary>
         private static void XPathNavigatorTravel()
         {
             XPathDocument _doc = new XPathDocument(getProjectPath() + "files\\Customers.xml");
             XPathNavigator _navigator = _doc.CreateNavigator();

             _navigator.MoveToRoot(); // 移到文档的根（文档根下有： XML声明， XML处理指令， XML根元素customers ）
             _navigator.MoveToFirstChild(); // 移到XML根元素customers

             if (_navigator.HasChildren)
             {
                 _navigator.MoveToFirstChild(); // 移到根元素customers的customer子元素

                 do
                 {
                     string _id = _navigator.GetAttribute("customerid", "http://asn.test.xsd/customers");
                     Console.WriteLine("Customer ID: " + _id);

                     _navigator.MoveToFirstChild();  // 移动到customer元素的firstname子元素

                     do
                     {
                         Console.WriteLine("  " + _navigator.Name + ": " + _navigator.Value);
                     } while(_navigator.MoveToNext());

                     _navigator.MoveToParent();
                 }
                 while (_navigator.MoveToNext());
             }

         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 使用 XPathNavigator 类的 Select()方法， 选择XML文档节点
         /// </summary>
         private static void XPathNavigatorSelect()
         {
             XPathDocument _doc = new XPathDocument(getProjectPath() + "files\\Customers.xml");
             XPathNavigator _navigator = _doc.CreateNavigator();
             XmlNamespaceManager _manager = new XmlNamespaceManager(_navigator.NameTable);
             _manager.AddNamespace("cust", "http://asn.test.xsd/customers");

             XPathNodeIterator _iterator = _navigator.Select("//cust:customer[@customerid=2]", _manager);

             Console.WriteLine("选中的节点个数：" + _iterator.Count);

             StringBuilder resultsb = new StringBuilder();
             int number = ;
             if (_iterator.Count > )
             {
                 while (_iterator.MoveNext())
                 {
                     resultsb.Append("第" + (number++) + "个customer节点：" + _iterator.Current.OuterXml);
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 resultsb.Append("无匹配的节点");
             }

             Console.WriteLine(resultsb.ToString());

         }

         static void Main(string[] args)
         {

             //BooksValidationByXmlDocument();

             //GenCustomerXSD();

             XPathNavigatorSelect();

         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 校验出错时的回调方法
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         public static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e)
         {
             Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message);
         }

         public static string getProjectPath()
         {
             string basePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;   //  \\XmlTest\\bin\\Debug\\
             string projectPath = basePath.Substring(, basePath.IndexOf("bin"));
             return projectPath;
         }
     }