smarty -- foreach用法

{foreach},{foreachelse}

用于像访问序数数组一样访问关联数组

{foreach},{foreachelse}

{foreach} is used to loop over an associative array as well a numerically-indexed array, unlike {section} which is for looping over numerically-indexed arrays only. The syntax for {foreach} is much easier than {section}, but as a tradeoff it can only be used for a single array. Every {foreach} tag must be paired with a closing {/foreach} tag.

{foreach} 用于像循环访问一个数字索引数组一样循环访问一个关联数组，与仅能访问数字索引数组的{section}不同，{foreach}的语法比 {section}的语法简单得多，但是作为一个折衷方案也仅能用于单个数组。每个{foreach}标记必须与关闭标记{/foreach}成对出现。

Attribute Name 属性名称	Type 类型	Required 必要	Default 默认值	Description 描述
from	array	Yes必要	n/a	The array you are looping through 循环访问的数组
item	string	Yes必要	n/a	The name of the variable that is the current element 当前元素的变量名
key	string	No可选	n/a	The name of the variable that is the current key 当前键名的变量名
name	string	No可选	n/a	The name of the foreach loop for accessing foreach properties 用于访问foreach属性的foreach循环的名称

• Required attributes are from and item.

• from和item是必要属性

• The name of the {foreach} loop can be anything you like, made up of letters, numbers and underscores, like PHP variables.

• {foreach}循环的name可以是任何字母，数组，下划线的组合，参考PHP变量。

• {foreach} loops can be nested, and the nested {foreach} names must be unique from each other.

• {foreach}循环可以嵌套，嵌套的{foreach}的名称应当互不相同。

• The from attribute, usually an array of values, determines the number of times {foreach} will loop.

• from属性通常是值数组，被用于判断{foreach}的循环次数。

• {foreachelse} is executed when there are no values in the from variable.

• 在from变量中没有值时，将执行{foreachelse}。

• {foreach} loops also have their own variables that handle properties. These are accessed with: {$smarty.foreach.name.property} with "name" being the nameattribute.

• {foreach}循环也有自身属性的变量，可以通过{$smarty.foreach.name.property}访问，其中"name"是name属性。

  Note: The name attribute is only required when you want to access a {foreach} property, unlike {section}. Accessing a {foreach} property with nameundefined does not throw an error, but leads to unpredictable results instead.

• 注意：name属性仅在需要访问{foreach}属性时有效，与{section}不同。访问未定义name的{foreach}属性不会抛出一个错误，但将导致不可预知的结果。

• {foreach} properties are index, iteration, first, last, show, total.

• {foreach}属性有index, iteration, first, last, show, total.

1. Example 7-7. {foreach} with associative item attribute
2. 例 7-7. {foreach}的item属性是关联数组
3. <?php
4. $items_list = array(
5. 23 => array('no' => 2456, 'label' => 'Salad'),
6. 96 => array('no' => 4889, 'label' => 'Cream')
7. );
8. $smarty->assign('items', $items_list);
9. ?>
10. Template to output $items with $myId in the url
11. 模板中，url通过$myId输出$items
12. <ul>
13. {foreach from=$items key=myId item=i}
14. <li><a href="http://blog.163.com/lgh_2002/blog/item.php?id={$myId}">{$i.no}: {$i.label}</li>
15. {/foreach}
16. </ul>
17. The above example will output:
18. 上例将输出：
19. <ul>
20. <li><a href="http://blog.163.com/lgh_2002/blog/item.php?id=23">2456: Salad</li>
21. <li><a href="http://blog.163.com/lgh_2002/blog/item.php?id=96">4889: Cream</li>
22. </ul>

1. Example 7-8. {foreach} with nested item and key
2. 例 7-8. {foreach}使用嵌套的item和key
3. Assign an array to Smarty, the key contains the key for each looped value.
4. 向Smarty设置一个数组，对于每个键名对应的每个循环值都包括键。
5. <?php
6. $smarty->assign('contacts', array(
7. array('phone' => '1',
8. 'fax' => '2',
9. 'cell' => '3'),
10. array('phone' => '555-4444',
11. 'fax' => '555-3333',
12. 'cell' => '760-1234')
13. ));
14. ?>
15. The template to output $contact.
16. 用于输出$contact的模板。
17. <foreach name=outer item=contact from=$contacts}
18. <hr />
19. {foreach key=key item=item from=$contact}
20. {$key}: {$item}<br />
21. {/foreach}
22. {/foreach}
23. The above example will output:
24. 上例将输出：
25. <hr />
26. phone: 1<br />
27. fax: 2<br />
28. cell: 3<br />
29. <hr />
30. phone: 555-4444<br />
31. fax: 555-3333<br />
32. cell: 760-1234<br />

.index

index contains the current array index, starting with zero.

.index包含当前数组索引，从零开始。

1. {* 每五行输出一次头部区块 *}
2. <table>
3. {foreach from=$items key=myId item=i name=foo}
4. {if $smarty.foreach.foo.index % 5 == 0}
5. <tr><th>Title</th></tr>
6. {/if}
7. <tr><td>{$i.label}</td></tr>
8. {/foreach}
9. </table>

.iteration

iteration contains the current loop iteration and always starts at one, unlike index. It is incremented by one on each iteration.

iteration包含当前循环次数，与index不同，从1开始，每次循环增长1。

1. {* 该例将输出0|1, 1|2, 2|3, ... 等等 *}
2. {foreach from=$myArray item=i name=foo}
3. {$smarty.foreach.foo.index}|{$smarty.foreach.foo.iteration},
4. {/foreach}

.first

first is TRUE if the current {foreach} iteration is the initial one.

first在当前{foreach}循环处于初始位置时值为TRUE。

1. {* 对于第一个条目显示LATEST而不是id *}
2. <table>
3. {foreach from=$items key=myId item=i name=foo}
4. <tr>
5. <td>{if $smarty.foreach.foo.first}LATEST{else}{$myId}{/if}</td>
6. <td>{$i.label}</td>
7. </tr>
8. {/foreach}
9. </table>

.last

last is set to TRUE if the current {foreach} iteration is the final one.

last在当前{foreach}循环处于最终位置是值为TRUE。

1. {* 在列表结束时增加一个水平标记 *})
2. {foreach from=$items key=part_id item=prod name=products}
3. <a href="http://blog.163.com/lgh_2002/blog/#{$part_id}">{$prod}</a>{if $smarty.foreach.products.last}<hr>{else},{/if}
4. {foreachelse}
5. ... content ...
6. {/foreach}

.show

show is used as a parameter to {foreach}. show is a boolean value. If FALSE, the {foreach} will not be displayed. If there is a {foreachelse} present, that will be alternately displayed.

show是{foreach}的参数. show是一个布尔值。如果值为FALSE，{foreach}将不被显示。如果有对应的{foreachelse}，将被显示。

.total

total contains the number of iterations that this {foreach} will loop. This can be used inside or after the {foreach}.

total包括{foreach}将循环的次数，既可以在{foreach}中使用，也可以在之后使用。

1. {* 在结束位置显示行数 *}
2. {foreach from=$items key=part_id item=prod name=foo}
3. {$prod.name><hr/>
4. {if $smarty.foreach.foo.last}
5. <div id="total">{$smarty.foreach.foo.total} items</div>
6. {/if}
7. {foreachelse}
8. ... something else ...
9. {/foreach}

See also {section} and $smarty.foreach.