oradebug工具使用（转载）

在之前的HangAnalyze 中有使用oradebug命令，在这篇文章里，我们主要是重点看一下这个oradebug命令：

Oracle HANGANALYZE 功能诊断 DB hanging

http://www.cndba.cn/Dave/article/1562

一.  Oradebug 命令 帮助文档

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug help

Command	Arguments	Description
HELP	[command]	Describe one or all commands
SETMYPID		Debug current process
SETOSPID	<ospid>	Set OS pid of process to debug
SETORAPID	<orapid> ['force']	Set Oracle pid of process to debug
DUMP	<dump_name> <lvl> [addr]	Invoke named dump
DUMPSGA	[bytes]	Dump fixed SGA
DUMPLIST		Print a list of available dumps
EVENT	<text>	Set trace event in process
SESSION_EVENT	<text>	Set trace event in session
DUMPVAR	<p|s|uga> <name> [level]	Print/dump a fixed PGA/SGA/UGA variable
SETVAR	<p|s|uga> <name> <value>	Modify a fixed PGA/SGA/UGA variable
PEEK	<addr> <len> [level]	Print/Dump memory
POKE	<addr> <len> <value>	Modify memory
WAKEUP	<orapid>	Wake up Oracle process
SUSPEND		Suspend execution
RESUME		Resume execution
FLUSH		Flush pending writes to trace file
CLOSE_TRACE		Close trace file
TRACEFILE_NAME		Get name of trace file
LKDEBUG		Invoke global enqueue service debugger
NSDBX		Invoke CGS name-service debugger
-G	<Inst-List | def | all>	Parallel oradebug command prefix
-R	<Inst-List | def | all>	Parallel oradebug prefix (return output)
SETINST	<instance# .. | all>	Set instance list in double quotes
SGATOFILE	<SGA dump dir>	Dump SGA to file; dirname in double quotes
DMPCOWSGA	<SGA dump dir>	Dump & map SGA as COW; dirname in double quotes
MAPCOWSGA	<SGA dump dir>	Map SGA as COW; dirname in double quotes
HANGANALYZE	[level]	Analyze system hang
FFBEGIN		Flash Freeze the Instance
FFDEREGISTER		FF deregister instance from cluster
FFTERMINST		Call exit and terminate instance
FFRESUMEINST		Resume the flash frozen instance
FFSTATUS		Flash freeze status of instance
SKDSTTPCS	<ifname> <ofname>	Helps translate PCs to names
WATCH	<address> <len> <self|exist|all|target>	Watch a region of memory
DELETE	<local|global|target> watchpoint <id>	Delete a watchpoint
SHOW	<local|global|target> watchpoints	Show watchpoints
CORE		Dump core without crashing process
UNLIMIT		Unlimit the size of the trace file
PROCSTAT		Dump process statistics
CALL	<func> [arg1] ... [argn]	Invoke function with arguments

1.1 TRACEFILE_NAME command

This command prints the name of the current trace file e.g.

SQL>oradebug tracefile_name

For example

/export/home/admin/SS92003/udump/ss92003_ora_14917.trc

This command does not work on Windows 2000 (Oracle 9.2)

1.2 UNLIMIT command

In Oracle 8.1.5 and below the maximum size of the trace file is restricted by default. This means that large dumps (LIBRARY_CACHE, BUFFERS) may fail.

To remove the limitation on the size of the trace file use

SQL>oradebug unlimit

In Oracle 8.1.6 and above the maximum size of the trace file defaults to UNLIMITED

1.3 FLUSH command

To flush the current contents of the trace buffer to the trace file use

SQL>oradebug flush

1.4 CLOSE_TRACE command

To close the current trace file use

SQL>oradebug close_trace

二.  追踪进程

如果是系统的进程ID，可以使用oradebug setospid id.

如果是根据Oracle ID，可以使用oradebug setorapid id 来追踪。

2.1 查询进程ID

可以查询Linux系统的pid或是oracle自己的pid：

SYS@dave2(db2)> select a.username,a.sid ,a.serial#,b.spid  from v$session a,v$process b where a.paddr=b.addr;

USERNAME    SID    SERIAL# SPID

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------

SYS               159       1702 27028

查询spid

SYS@dave2(db2)> select pid,spid,username from v$process;

PID SPID         USERNAME

---------- ------------ ----------

18 27028        oracle

v$process 下的pid 是Oracle 的ID。spid 是系统的ID。

2.2 设定追踪

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug setospid 27028  -- 根据系统ID

Oracle pid: 18, Unix process pid: 27028, image: oracledave2@db2

或者使用，他们是一样的：

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug setorapid 18   --根据Oracle ID

Unix process pid: 27028, image: oracledave2@db2

2.3  dump 相关文件信息

指定为SID 之后，就可以使用dump 将相关的信息，这些dump 内容很多。 可以使用dumplist 把所有的dump 可列出来。

具体使用，可以参考：

http://psoug.org/reference/oradebug.html

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug dumplist

EVENTS

TRACE_BUFFER_ON

TRACE_BUFFER_OFF

HANGANALYZE

LATCHES

PROCESSSTATE

SYSTEMSTATE

INSTANTIATIONSTATE

REFRESH_OS_STATS

CROSSIC

CONTEXTAREA

HEAPDUMP

HEAPDUMP_ADDR

POKE_ADDRESS

POKE_LENGTH

POKE_VALUE

POKE_VALUE0

GLOBAL_AREA

MEMORY_LOG

REALFREEDUMP

FLUSH_JAVA_POOL

POOL_SIMULATOR

PGA_DETAIL_GET

PGA_DETAIL_DUMP

PGA_DETAIL_CANCEL

MODIFIED_PARAMETERS

EVENT_TSM_TEST

ERRORSTACK

CALLSTACK

HANGANALYZE_PROC

TEST_STACK_DUMP

TEST_GET_CALLER

RECORD_CALLSTACK

EXCEPTION_DUMP

BG_MESSAGES

ENQUEUES

KSTDUMPCURPROC

KSTDUMPALLPROCS

SIMULATE_EOV

KSFQP_LIMIT

KSKDUMPTRACE

DBSCHEDULER

LDAP_USER_DUMP

LDAP_KERNEL_DUMP

DUMP_ALL_OBJSTATS

DUMPGLOBALDATA

HANGANALYZE_GLOBAL

GES_STATE

OCR

CSS

CRS

CREATE_DUMMY_REQUEST

MMAN_ALLOC_MEMORY

MMAN_CREATE_REQUEST

MMAN_CREATE_IMM_REQUEST

DUMP_ALL_COMP_GRANULE_ADDRS

DUMP_ALL_COMP_GRANULES

DUMP_ALL_REQS

DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS

DUMP_ADV_SNAPSHOTS

ADJUST_SCN

NEXT_SCN_WRAP

CONTROLF

FLUSH_CACHE

FULL_DUMPS

BUFFERS

RECOVERY

SET_TSN_P1

BUFFER

PIN_BLOCKS

BC_SANITY_CHECK

PIN_RANDOM_BLOCKS

SET_NBLOCKS

CHECK_ROREUSE_SANITY

DUMP_PINNED_BUFFER_HISTORY

REDOLOGS

LOGHIST

ARCHIVE_ERROR

REDOHDR

LOGERROR

OPEN_FILES

DATA_ERR_ON

DATA_ERR_OFF

BLK0_FMTCHG

UPDATE_BLOCK0_FORMAT

TR_SET_BLOCK

TR_SET_ALL_BLOCKS

TR_SET_SIDE

TR_CRASH_AFTER_WRITE

TR_READ_ONE_SIDE

TR_CORRUPT_ONE_SIDE

TR_RESET_NORMAL

TEST_DB_ROBUSTNESS

LOCKS

GC_ELEMENTS

FILE_HDRS

KRB_CORRUPT_INTERVAL

KRB_CORRUPT_SIZE

KRB_CORRUPT_REPEAT

KRB_PIECE_FAIL

KRB_OPTIONS

KRB_FAIL_INPUT_FILENO

KRB_SIMULATE_NODE_AFFINITY

KRB_TRACE

KRB_BSET_DAYS

KRB_SET_TIME_SWITCH

KRBMRSR_LIMIT

KRBMROR_LIMIT

KRC_TRACE

KRA_OPTIONS

KRA_TRACE

FBTAIL

FBINC

FBHDR

FLASHBACK_GEN

DROP_SEGMENTS

KTPR_DEBUG

TREEDUMP

LONGF_CREATE

ROW_CACHE

LIBRARY_CACHE

CURSORDUMP

CURSORTRACE

CURSOR_STATS

SHARED_SERVER_STATE

JAVAINFO

KXFPCLEARSTATS

KXFPDUMPTRACE

KXFPBLATCHTEST

KXFXSLAVESTATE

KXFXCURSORSTATE

WORKAREATAB_DUMP

KUPPLATCHTEST

OBJECT_CACHE

SAVEPOINTS

RULESETDUMP

RULESETDUMP_ADDR

OLAP_DUMP

SELFTESTASM

IOERREMUL

ALRT_TEST

AWR_TEST

AWR_FLUSH_TABLE_ON

AWR_FLUSH_TABLE_OFF

ASHDUMP

MMON_TEST

SYS@dave2(db2)>

在这些dump选项中，大部分都有2，4，6，8，10，12等几个跟踪级别。在使用的时候要根据具体的情况来选择级别，不同级别的影响不一样。

2.3.1 获得系统状态

如果为了获取全面一点的信息，可以使用Level 10。

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug setospid 27028

Oracle pid: 18, Unix process pid: 27028, image: oracledave2@db2

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug unlimit

Statement processed.

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug dump systemstate 10

Statement processed.

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug TRACEFILE_NAME

/u01/app/oracle/admin/dave2/udump/dave2_ora_27028.trc

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug close_trace

Statement processed.

[oracle@db2 ~]$ tail -50 /u01/app/oracle/admin/dave2/udump/dave2_ora_27028.trc

last process to post me: none

last post sent: 0 0 0

last post sent-location: No post

last process posted by me: none

(latch info) wait_event=0 bits=0

Process Group: DEFAULT, pseudo proc: 0x2e24c604

O/S info: user: , term: , ospid:

OSD pid info: Unix process pid: 0, image: PSEUDO

Dump of memory from 0x2E207970 to 0x2E207AF4

2E207970 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]

Repeat 23 times

2E207AF0 00000000                             [....]

NO DETACHED BRANCHES.

NO DETACHED NETWORK CONNECTIONS.

CLEANUP STATE OBJECTS:

----------------------------------------

SO: 0x2e03465c, type: 1, owner: (nil), flag: INIT/-/-/0x00

(cleanup state object) description: instance enqueue anchor state

latch: 0x2000502c

----------------------------------------

SO: 0x2e3b9bc0, type: 5, owner: 0x2e03465c, flag: INIT/-/-/0x00

(enqueue) TA-00000006-00000001        DID: 0001-000F-0000000D

lv: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  flag: 0x2

res: 2d8362f4, mode: X, prv: 2d8362fc, own: 0, sess: 0

----------------------------------------

SO: 0x2e0346a0, type: 1, owner: (nil), flag: INIT/-/-/0x00

(cleanup state object) description: switchable channel handle anch

latch: 0x200059cc

----------------------------------------

SO: 0x2d87ac7c, type: 11, owner: 0x2e0346a0, flag: INIT/-/-/0x00

(broadcast handle) flag: (c2) ACTIVE SUBSCRIBER, owner: (nil),

event: 1, last message event: 1,

last message waited event: 1, messages read: 0

channel: (0x2d8827f0) KPON channel

scope: 2, event: 1, last mesage event: 0,

publishers/subscribers: 0/1,

messages published: 0

----------------------------------------

SO: 0x2e0346e4, type: 1, owner: (nil), flag: INIT/-/-/0x00

(cleanup state object) description: TT shared object cleanup SO

latch: 0x2000dc98

----------------------------------------

SO: 0x2e034728, type: 1, owner: (nil), flag: INIT/-/-/0x00

(cleanup state object) description: SS shared object cleanup SO

latch: 0x2000dfa4

END OF SYSTEM STATE

*** 2011-06-04 05:28:17.743

Received ORADEBUG command 'TRACEFILE_NAME' from process Unix process pid: 27042, image:

*** 2011-06-04 05:32:21.241

Received ORADEBUG command 'close_trace' from process Unix process pid: 27042, image:

[oracle@db2 ~]$

如果系统hung的时候，systemstate基本等同于hanganalyze，可以用于诊断system hung

关于hanganalyze 参考：

Oracle HANGANALYZE 功能诊断 DB hanging

http://www.cndba.cn/Dave/article/1562

2.3.2  获得某个进程状态

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug setospid 27028

Oracle pid: 18, Unix process pid: 27028, image: oracledave2@db2

-- 注意，这里必须是Oracle 的进程

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug dump processstate 10

Statement processed.

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug TRACEFILE_NAME

/u01/app/oracle/admin/dave2/udump/dave2_ora_27028.trc

SQL> oradebug setospid 3188

2.3.3 获得进程的错误信息状态

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug dump errorstack 3;

Statement processed.

SYS@dave2(db2)> oradebug TRACEFILE_NAME

/u01/app/oracle/admin/dave2/udump/dave2_ora_27028.trc

三.  Trace  SQL

3.1 Trace a session SQL

3.1.1 使用DBMS_SYSTEM包

SQL>select a.username,a.sid ,a.serial#,b.spid from v$session a,v$process b  where a.paddr=b.addr;

USERNAME                              SID    SERIAL# SPID
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- -------
SCOTT                                 143          6    3260

--开启对该进程的trace，记录在trace文件中:

执行SQL> execute dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(143,6,true);

--关闭追踪

执行SQL> execute dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(143,6,false);

3.1.2使用oradebug

SQL> oradebug setospid 3260  --进程的spid

SQL> oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 4

-- 取消追踪使用

SQL> oradebug event 10046 trace name context off

已处理的语句

3.1.3 Tracing errors use oradebug

例如要追踪能造成ORA-0094/952错误的会话，

SQL> oradebug event 942 trace name errorstack level 3

SQL> oradebug event 952 trace name errorstack level 3

四.  Events 事件

关于Events,  eygle 的blog有说明，参考：

http://www.eygle.com/digest/2008/04/oracle_internal_events_introdu.html

Events可以在Instance一级Enabled,主要是在init.ora文件中做操作:

event='event trace name context forever, level level';

一次可以Enable多个事件,可以用以下两种方式:

（1） 用一个冒号隔开

event = "10248 trace name context forever, level 10:10249 trace name context forever, level 10"

（2） 两个Events分开写

event="10248 trace name context forever, level 10"

event="10249 trace name context forever, level 10"

#一些版本的Oracle，event要一样的大小写

instance级别event：

enable:

SQL>alter system set events 'event trace name context forever, level level';

Disable：

SQL>alter system set events 'event trace name context off';

Session 级别Event：

--Enable:

SQL>alter session set events 'event trace name context forever, levellevel';

--Disable:

SQL>alter session set events 'event trace name context off';

Oradebug  Events：

--Process中Enable:

SQL>oradebug event event trace name context forever, level level

--进程中Enable:

SQL>oradebug setorapid 8(pid进程号)

SQL>oradebug event event trace name context forever, level level

--Disable:

SQL>oradebug event event trace name context off

Session Events:

--Enable:

SQL>oradebug session_event event trace name context forever, level level

--Disable:

SQL>oradebug session_event event trace name context off

使用DBMS_SYSTEM.SETEV包来实现Enable和Disable

先从V$session视图中获得SID和Serial#

--Enable：

SQL>execute dbms_system.set_ev(sid,serial#,event,level, '')

SQL>execute dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,8,'');

--Disable则将level改为0

SQL> execute dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,0,'');

五.  Other Data

From：

http://www.juliandyke.com/Diagnostics/Tools/ORADEBUG/Introduction.html

5.1 DUMP command

To perform a dump use

SQL>oradebug dump dumpname level

For example for a level 4 dump of the library cache use

SQL>oradebug setmypid

SQL>oradebug dump library_cache 4

5.2 EVENT command

To set an event in a process use

SQL>oradebug event event trace name context forever, level level

For example to set event 10046, level 12 in Oracle process 8 use

SQL>oradebug setorapid 8

SQL>oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever, level 12

5.3 SESSION_EVENT command

To set an event in a session use

SQL>oradebug session_event event trace name context forever, level level

For example

SQL>oradebug session_event 10046 trace name context forever, level 12

5.4 DUMP SGA

To dump the fixed SGA use

SQL>oradebug dumpsga

5.5 DUMPVAR

To dump an SGA variable use

SQL>oradebug dumpvar sga variable_name

e.g.

SQL>oradebug dumpvar sga kcbnhb

which returns the number of hash buckets in the buffer cache. The names of SGA variables can be found in X$KSMFSV.KSMFSNAM. Variables in this view are suffixed with an underscore e.g.  kcbnhb_

5.6 PEEK

To peek memory locations use

SQL>oradebug peek address length

where address can be decimal or hexadecimal and length is in bytes

For example

SQL>ORADEBUG PEEK 0x20005F0C 12

returns 12 bytes starting at location 0x20005f0c

5.7 POKE

To poke memory locations use

SQL>ORADEBUG POKE address length value

where address and value can be decimal or hexadecimal and length is in bytes

For Example

SQL>ORADEBUG POKE 0x20005F0C 4 0x46495845

SQL>ORADEBUG POKE 0x20005F10 4 0x44205349

SQL>ORADEBUG POKE 0x20005F14 2 0x5A45

-- WARNING Do not use the POKE command on a production system

5.8 IPC

To dump information about operating system shared memory and semaphores configuration use the command

SQL>ORADEBUG IPC

This command does not work on Windows NT or Windows 2000 (Oracle 9.2)

On Solaris, similar information can be obtained using the operating system command

ipcs -b

5.9 Dumping the SGA

In some versions it is possible to dump the entire SGA to a file

Freeze the instance using

SQL>oradebug ffbegin

Dump the SGA to a file using

SQL>oradebug sgatofile directory

Unfreeze the instance using

SQL>oradebug ffresumeinst