oracle 11g 单实例静默安装

AUTHOR：Oracle_Ran

环境规划：

OS Version : Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.7 (Santiago)

Oracle Version: 11.2.0.4

操作系统环境配置可参考Oracle 单实例安装文档

1、上传Oracle安装介质，进入解压目录，复制响应文件模板

cd /home/oracle/

mkdir rsp

cp /db/soft/database/response/* /home/oracle/rsp/ 

su - root

chmod 700 /home/oracle/rsp/*.rsp

chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/rsp/

2、修改响应文件相关参数

vi /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY            //安装类型

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname                           //主机名称

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall                           //安装组

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/db/oraInventory                //INVENTORY目录

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,AL32UTF8               //选择语言

ORACLE_HOME=/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1         //oracle_home

ORACLE_BASE=/db/oracle                             //oracle_base

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE                //oracle版本

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true             //自定义安装

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba                    //dba用户组

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall              //oper用户组

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE                   //数据库类型

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=oadb                      //globalDBName

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl         //SID

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8                  //字符集

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512                        //自动管理内存的最小内存(M)

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle                    //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true                   //设置安全更新

3、静默安装数据库软件

[oracle@template database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/res/db_install.rsp


【注意】
安装过程中如果出现Fail,说明安装中断。
出现Waring可以不用理会，此时安装仍在进行，可随时注意查看安装日志即可。

报错一：

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 8033 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-27-07PM. Please wait ...
[oracle@template database]$ [F] [INS-10101] The given response file /home/oracle/res/db_install.rsp is not found.

CAUSE: The given response file is either not accessible or do not exist.

ACTION: Give a correct response file location. (Note: relative path is not supported)

A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-27-07PM/installActions2018-04-05_06-27-07PM.log. 
Oracle recoms that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from the temporary location to a more permanent location.

根据红色部分提示，发现路径写错。

报错二：

SEVERE: [FATAL] PRVF-0002 : Could not retrieve local nodename.
Refer associated stacktrace #oracle.install.commons.util.exception.DefaultErrorAdvisor:35
INFO: Advice is ABORT
SEVERE: Unconditional Exit
INFO: Adding ExitStatus FAILURE to the exit status set
WARNING: A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2019-07-23_04-02-55PM/installActions2019-07-23_04-02-55PM.log. Oracle recommends that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from t
he temporary location to a more permanent location.
INFO: Finding the most appropriate exit status for the current application
INFO: Exit Status is -1
INFO: Shutdown Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Installer

主机名解析错误，检查/etc/hosts,hostname 输出是否一致。


再次执行：

[oracle@template database]$

[oracle@template database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 8033 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM. Please wait ...[oracle@template database]$ [Wt meet some optional requirements.

CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM/installActions2018

ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM/installActions2018-04-05_e or 
from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.

You can find the log of this install session at:

/db/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-04-05_06-31-06PM.log

正常输出

这里提示安装成功，运行脚本：
[oracle@template database]$ The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.

Please check '/db/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

1. /db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

到root 用户执行该脚本：

/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

查看安装日志： （安装已经完成）
tail -f /db/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-04-05_06-31-06PM.log 
... 
... 
INFO: Completed validating state <finish> 
INFO: Terminating all background operations 
INFO: Terminated all background operations 
INFO: Successfully executed the flow in SILENT mode 
INFO: Adding ExitStatus SUCCESS_WITH_WARNINGS to the exit status set 
INFO: Finding the most appropriate exit status for the current application 
INFO: Exit Status is 6 
INFO: List of warnings encountered in this Application: 
INFO: PREREQS_FAILED_WITH_WARNING 
INFO: Shutdown Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Installer

安装过程中可以查看日志或者 ps -ef|grep oracle  查看安装进程是否存在
ORACLE_HOME 的磁盘空间也会一直增大 du -sh

登录验证安装成功：

如果安装时报错：

[FATAL] [INS-13013] Target environment do not meet some mandatory requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the mandatory prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2019-05-06_04-03-46PM/installActions2019-05-06_04-03-46PM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2019-05-06_04-03-46PM/installActions2019-05-06_04-03-46PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find t
he appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
INFO: Advice is ABORT

可以执行： ./runInstaller -silent -executePrereqs 执行先决条件检查

如果还是报同样的错误，就忽略报错：

./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp

或者

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp

4、静默配置监听

[oracle@template database] $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/netca.rsp

可直接修改 /netca.rsp 文件内的配置来创建监听

5、静默安装数据库

安装数据库可以通过修改响应文件和直接使用命令 两种方式来安装

修改仅安装数据库的响应文件

vim  /home/oracle/rsp/dbca.rsp

[CREATEDATABASE]                    //仅修改此部分即可，可按照实际需求调整

GDBNAME="oadb.template"             //全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名

SID="oadb"                          //SID

CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8"             //编码

NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8"         //编码

DATAFILEDESTINATION=$ORACLE_BASE/oradata  //数据文件路径，默认为$ORACLE_BASE/oradata

开始静默创建数据库： 
[oracle@template database] $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/dbca.rsp  
执行之后会要求输入sys/system 密码(可以在响应文件中直接修改) 
Copying database files 
1% complete 
3% complete 
11% complete 
18% complete 
26% complete 
37% complete 
Creating and starting Oracle instance 
40% complete 
45% complete 
50% complete 
55% complete 
56% complete 
57% complete 
60% complete 
62% complete 
Completing Database Creation 
66% complete 
70% complete 
73% complete 
85% complete 
96% complete 
100% complete 
Look at the log file "/db/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/oadb/oadb.log" for further details.

数据库创建完成。

安装过程查看安装日志：

[root@ctc_som_app07 ~]# tail -f /db/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-05-10_03-42-17PM.log
信息: 正在安装
信息: 将文件提取到 '/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1'。
信息: 将文件提取到 '/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1'。
信息: 根据文件 'oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml' 中的信息执行快速复制操作。
信息: 根据文件 'racfiles.jar' 中的信息执行快速复制操作。
信息: 根据文件 'oracle.server_EE_dirs.lst' 中的信息执行快速复制操作。
信息: 根据文件 'oracle.server_EE_filemap.jar' 中的信息执行快速复制操作。
信息: 根据文件 'oracle.server_EE_1.xml' 中的信息执行快速复制操作。
信息: 根据文件 'setperms1.sh' 中的信息执行快速复制操作。
信息: Number of threads for fast copy :1

信息: The expanded list location :/tmp/OraInstall2018-05-10_03-42-17PM/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml
信息: Executing permissions file from :/tmp/OraInstall2018-05-10_03-42-17PM/fastcopy/setperms1.sh
信息: chmod 0755 bin/chopt
信息: chmod 0744 install/utl/rootmacro.sbs
信息: chmod 0755 bin/zip bin/unzip bin/oerr bin/genorasdksh bin/gensyslib bin/linkshlib
信息: chmod 0755 bin/csscan
信息: chmod 0750 bin/ctxkbtc bin/ctxlc bin/ctxload ctx/bin/ctxhx
信息: chmod 0644 relnotes/readmes/README_jdbc.txt jdbc/Readme.txt
信息: chmod 0644 relnotes/readmes/README_ucp.txt ucp/Readme.txt
信息: chmod 0755 crs/sbs/localconfig.sbs crs/sbs/clsrwrap.sbs crs/install/rootofs.sh bin/gnsd crs/sbs/srvctl.sbs crs/install/s_crsconfig_defs srvm/admin/getcrshome
信息: chmod 0644 cv/cvutl/check_nodeadd.pl
信息: chmod 0755 cv/remenv/exectask cv/remenv/orarun.sh cv/remenv/exectask.sh cv/remenv/runfixup.sh
信息: chmod 0755 bin/racgwrap.sbs bin/cluvfyrac.sh bin/lsnodes bin/crsdiag.pl bin/rawutl bin/osdbagrp bin/srvconfig
信息: chmod 0755 cv/remenv/exectask srvm/admin/getcrshome bin/osdbagrp crs/install/rootcrs.pl crs/install/roothas.pl crs/install/crsconfig_params.sbs crs/install/crsconfig_lib.pm crs/install/oracss.pm crs/install/oraacfs.pm crs/install/crsdelete.pm crs/install/crspatch.pm crs/install/hasdconfig.pl crs/install/s_crsconfig_lib.pm cv/remenv/exectask.sh srvm/admin/ractrans cv/cvdata/admin.dtd cv/cvdata/admin.xml cv/cvdata/constraints.dtd cv/cvdata/constraints.xml cv/cvdata/cvu_prereq.xml cv/cvdata/ora_software_cfg.xml cv/cvdata/pluggable.xml cv/cvdata/pluggable.xsd cv/cvdata/prereq.xsd crs/install/install.excl crs/install/installRemove.excl crs/install/s_crsconfig_defs cv/admin/cvu_config

...

....

进入数据库查询数据库的状态。

后续的参数调整根据个人实际情况进行修改。

调整日志组大小：

alter database add logfile group 4 '/db/oracle/oradata/newbusdb/redo04.log' size 1024M;

alter database add logfile group 5 '/db/oracle/oradata/newbusdb/redo05.log' size 1024M;

alter database add logfile group 6 '/db/oracle/oradata/newbusdb/redo06.log' size 1024M;

删除默认安装的redo:

切换日志组，待日志变为INACTIVE 状态之后删除：

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024 M,MEMBERS,ARCHIVED,STATUS from v$log;

GROUP# M MEMBERS ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
3 50 1 NO INACTIVE
4 1024 1 NO INACTIVE
5 1024 1 NO INACTIVE
6 1024 1 NO CURRENT

删除group3:

alter database drop logfile group 3;

OK!