刚刚把项目从Ant转到Maven,费了好多劲,主要是对Maven边用边学。问题主要集中在项目结构上不太一样,在程序的访问上也有区别,调试和打包等也和原来不太一样。终于折腾完一个可以正常运行的POM配置,记录一下,将遇到的问题也注释在了配置中,便于查阅。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.garfield.gserver</groupId>
<artifactId>GServer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0-beta9</version>
</dependency> <!--
ERROR Root contains an invalid element or attribute "AppenderRef"
This is an error for 2.0-beta8, it is not present on 2.0-beta9
--> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.0-beta9</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-jcl</artifactId>
<version>2.0-rc1</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.0-rc1</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <!-- json-lib是需要区分jdk版本的,pom.xml中的配置应加上<classifier>标签,如用jdk15: -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
<artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId>
<version>4.0</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5-pre8</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency> <!-- maven打包编译的异常 :sun.misc.BASE64Decoder 是 Sun 的专用 API,可能会在未来版本中删除的解决方法 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
<artifactId>plexus-compiler-javac</artifactId>
<version>1.8.1</version>
</dependency> <!-- maven工程 仓库没有的jar使用方法 <dependency> <groupId>cryptix</groupId> <artifactId>cryptix-jce-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version> <scope>system</scope> <systemPath>${project.basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/cryptix-jce-api.jar</systemPath>
</dependency> --> <!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.0-rc1</version> </dependency> --> </dependencies> <properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties> <build>
<defaultGoal>compile</defaultGoal> <plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <!-- “编码 GBK 的不可映射字符”问题的解决 -->
</configuration>
</plugin> <plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<includes>
<!--不写匹配默认规则,TestSuit结尾,test开头的方法 -->
<include>**/*TestSuit.java</include> <!-- 两个星号**用来匹配任意路径,一个星号*用来获取除路径风格符外的0个或多个字符 -->
</includes>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/CollectionBillTestCase.java</exclude>
<exclude>**/PaymentBillTestCase.java</exclude>
</excludes>
<skip>false</skip> <!-- 略过单元测试 -->
<testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore> <!-- 当Maven 遇到一个测试失败,它默认的行为是停止当前的构建。 如果你希望继续构建项目,即使 Surefire 插件遇到了失败的单元测试,你就需要设置 Surefire 的testFailureIgnore 这个配置属性为 true -->
</configuration>
</plugin> <!-- 把依赖的jar包拷到lib目录下 --> <plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
<overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
<overWriteSnapshots>false</overWriteSnapshots>
<overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin> <!-- 把配置文件拷到和jar包同一个路径下 -->
<!-- 以utf-8编码拷贝配置文件,拷贝过程中是可以做变量替换的,也就是说你的配置文件可以是个模板,里面的${}所包含的内容是可以拷贝过程中替换的 -->
<!--
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-resources</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}</outputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
-->
<!-- 打jar包时需要把配置文件给排除在外 -->
<!--
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>com.garfield.gui.Main</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<classifier>lib</classifier>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath> <!-- 在jar包中增加依赖jar路径说明 -->
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>com.garfield.gui.Main</mainClass>
</manifest> <!-- 用maven在MANIFEST.MF资料中的Class-Path中增加当前目录(.) -->
<manifestEntries>
<Class-Path>.</Class-Path>
</manifestEntries> </archive>
</configuration>
</plugin> <!--
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<descriptors>
<descriptor>/assembly.xml</descriptor>
</descriptors>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
-->
</plugins> <!-- POM文件报错maven-dependency-plugin (goals "copy-dependencies", "unpack") is not supported by m2e.,
在</build>标签前添加如下内容 --> <pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
<artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<configuration>
<lifecycleMappingMetadata>
<pluginExecutions>
<pluginExecution>
<pluginExecutionFilter>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<versionRange>[2.0,)</versionRange>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
<goal>unpack</goal>
</goals>
</pluginExecutionFilter>
<action>
<ignore />
</action>
</pluginExecution>
</pluginExecutions>
</lifecycleMappingMetadata>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement> <resources>
<!--打包进XML等文件,排除java及版本控制文件 -->
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
<exclude>**/.svn/*</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.*</include>
<include>**/*.*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build> </project>
如果使用assembly编译,则用到下面的assembly.xml:
<assembly>
<id>bin</id>
<formats>
<format>zip</format>
</formats> <includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory> <dependencySets>
<dependencySet>
<outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependencySet>
</dependencySets> <fileSets>
<fileSet>
<outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>README.txt</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
<fileSet>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>hibernate.cfg.xml</include>
<include>jserver.properties</include>
<include>log4j.properties</include>
<include>log4j2.xml</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
</fileSets>
</assembly>

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