C#实现倒油算法

原题如下：12（a桶 满的 有12斤油）斤桶里 取出6斤油 有 另外有8斤（b桶）和5斤(c桶)两个空桶  让程序输出取出这6斤油的步骤

现在实现的算法可以配参数（定义有几个桶，初始有多少油，要得到多少油，都可以配），并且找出任意（多条线路或者找不到）满足条件的倒油线路图：

运行效果：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace ConsoleApplication2{class Program    {static void Main(string[] args)        {//在此自定义相关初始信息            Oil.初始油量 = "12,0,0";            Oil.桶的容量 = "12,8,5";            Oil.需求油量 = "6";            Oil oil = new Oil();            Status SuperStatus = oil.GetStartState();            oil.status.Add(SuperStatus);            oil.执行(SuperStatus);if (oil.Endstatus.Count == 0)            {                Console.WriteLine("无法倒出指定质量大小的油。");            }else            {                Console.WriteLine("共找到" + oil.Endstatus.Count.ToString()+"条倒油线路：");            }for (int i = 0; i < oil.Endstatus.Count; i++)            {                Console.WriteLine(oil.翻译路线(oil.Endstatus[i]));            }        }    }class Oil    {public static string 桶的容量;public static string 初始油量;public static string 需求油量;//自动记录桶的总数int count;public Oil()        {            count = 桶的容量.Split(',').Count();            capacity = new int[count];for (int i=0;i<count;i++)            {                capacity[i] = Convert.ToInt32(桶的容量.Split(',')[i]);            }        }public int[] capacity; //new int[] { 12, 8, 5 };public List<Status> status = new List<Status>();public List<Status> Endstatus = new List<Status>();        Status 倒油(Status state, int a, int b)        {//排除不可倒的情况if (state.OilState[a] == 0return null;if (state.OilState[b] == capacity[b]) return null;//倒油操作//先定义成功倒油后的新状态            Status newStatus = new Status();            newStatus.OilState = new int[count];            state.OilState.CopyTo(newStatus.OilState, 0);            newStatus.Father = state;if (state.OilState[a] > capacity[b] - state.OilState[b])            {                newStatus.OilState[a] -= capacity[b] - state.OilState[b];                newStatus.OilState[b] = capacity[b];            }else            {                newStatus.OilState[a] = 0;                newStatus.OilState[b] += state.OilState[a];            }//判断倒油后的新状态是否在状态列表中存在bool IsExist = false;foreach (var s in status)            {bool mark = true;for (int i = 0; i < newStatus.OilState.Count(); i++)                {if (newStatus.OilState[i] != s.OilState[i]) mark = false;                }if (mark)                {                    IsExist = true;break;                }            }if (IsExist)            {return null;            }else            {                status.Add(newStatus);return newStatus;            }        }public void 执行(Status SuperStatus)        {//如果找到一条路线if (SuperStatus.OilState.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(需求油量)))            {                Endstatus.Add(SuperStatus);                ArrangeStatus();                执行(GetStartState());return;            }for (int a = 0; a < count; a++)            {for (int b = 0; b < count; b++)                {if (b != a)                    {                        Status newStatus = 倒油(SuperStatus, a, b);if (newStatus != null)                        {                            执行(newStatus);                        }                    }                }            }        }public string 翻译路线(Status endState)        {string theWay = string.Empty;            Status s = endState;while (s != null)            {string wayNode = string.Empty;foreach (var a in s.OilState)                {                    wayNode += a.ToString() + " ";                }if (theWay == string.Empty) theWay += wayNode;else theWay = wayNode.Trim() + "→" + theWay;                s = s.Father;            }return theWay;        }/// <summary>/// 整理状态表，为寻求新路线做准备/// </summary>public void ArrangeStatus()        {            status.Clear();for (int i = 0; i < Endstatus.Count; i++)            {                Status s = Endstatus[i];while (s != null)                {                    status.Add(s);                    s = s.Father;                }            }        }/// <summary>/// 获取开始状态/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public Status GetStartState()        {            Status status = new Status();            status.Father = null;            status.OilState = new int[count];for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)            {                status.OilState[i] = Convert.ToInt32(初始油量.Split(',')[i]);            }return status;        }    }/// <summary>/// 记录各桶当前所装油量的状态信息/// </summary>class Status    {public int[] OilState;public Status Father;    }}