Lucene的Query类介绍

把Lucene的查询当成sql的查询，也许会笼统的明白些query的真相了。

查询分为大致两类，1：精准查询。2，模糊查询。

创建测试数据。

private Directory directory;
    private IndexReader reader;
    private String[] ids = {"1","2","3","4","5","6"};
    private String[] emails = {"aa@itat.org","bb@itat.org","cc@cc.org","dd@sina.org","ee@zttc.edu","ff@itat.org"};
    private String[] contents = {
            "welcome to visited the space,I like book",
            "hello boy, I like pingpeng ball",
            "my name is cc I like game",
            "I like football",
            "I like football and I like basketball too",
            "I like movie and swim"
    };
    private int[] attachs = {2,3,1,4,5,5};
    private String[] names = {"zhangsan","lisi","john","jetty","lisi","jake"};

先建立索引。

 private Map<String,Float> scores = new HashMap<String,Float>();

 public SearchUtil(){
     try {
         directory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D://lucene//index"));
         scores.put("itat.org", 1.5f);
         scores.put("cc.org", 2.0f);
     } catch (IOException e) {
         // TODO Auto-generated catch block
         e.printStackTrace();
     }
 }
 /**
  * 创建索引
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
 public void index(){
     IndexWriter writer = null;
     try {
         directory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D://lucene//index"));
         writer = getWriter();
         Document doc = null;
         for(int i=0;i<ids.length;i++){
             doc = new Document();
             doc.add(new Field("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
             doc.add(new Field("name", names[i], Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
             doc.add(new Field("content", contents[i], Field.Store.NO,Field.Index.ANALYZED));
             //存储数字
             doc.add(new IntField("attach", attachs[i],  Field.Store.YES));

             // 加权操作
             TextField field = new TextField("email", emails[i], Field.Store.YES);
             String et = emails[i].substring(emails[i].lastIndexOf("@")+1);
             if (scores.containsKey(et)) {
                 field.setBoost(scores.get(et));
             }
             doc.add(field);
             // 添加文档
             writer.addDocument(doc);
         }
     } catch (Exception e) {
         // TODO: handle exception
         e.printStackTrace();
     }finally{
         try {
             writer.close();
         } catch (IOException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
 }

索引建立完毕。

构造方法。

/**
     * getSearcher
     * @return
     */
    public IndexSearcher getSearcher(){
        try {
            directory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D://lucene//index"));
            if(reader==null){
                reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
            }else{
                reader.close();
            }
            return new IndexSearcher(reader);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

一、精准匹配。

1，精准查询

就是查什么给什么。

 /**
      * 精准匹配
      */
     public void search(String searchField,String field){
         // 得到读取索引文件的路径
         IndexReader reader = null;
         try {
             directory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D://lucene//index"));
             reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
             IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
             // 运用term来查找
             Term t = new Term(searchField, field);
             Query q = new TermQuery(t);
             // 获得查询的hits
             TopDocs hits = searcher.search(q, 10);
             // 显示结果
             System.out.println("匹配 '" + q + "'，总共查询到" + hits.totalHits + "个文档");
             for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : hits.scoreDocs){
                 Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
                 System.out.println("id:"+doc.get("id")+":"+doc.get("name")+",email:"+doc.get("email"));
             }

         } catch (IOException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }finally{
             try {
                 reader.close();
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
         }
     }

2，区间查询。

/**
     * between
     * @param field
     * @param start
     * @param end
     * @param num
     */
    public void searchByTermRange(String field,String start,String end,int num) {
        try {
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            BytesRef lowerTerm = new BytesRef(start.getBytes()) ;
            BytesRef upperTerm = new BytesRef(end.getBytes()) ;

            Query query = new TermRangeQuery(field, lowerTerm , upperTerm, true, true);
            TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);

            System.out.println("一共查询了:"+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc sd:tds.scoreDocs) {
                Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);
                System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                        doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                        doc.get("attach"));
            }
        } catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

3、匹配其索引开始以指定的字符串的文档

 /**
      * 匹配其索引开始以指定的字符串的文档
      * @param field
      * @param value
      * @param num
      */
     public void searchByPrefix(String field,String value,int num) {
         try {
             IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
             Query query = new PrefixQuery(new Term(field,value));
             TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);
             System.out.println("一共查到："+tds.totalHits);
             for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc:tds.scoreDocs){
                 Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
                 System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                         doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                         doc.get("attach"));
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

4、数字搜索

/**
     * 数字搜索
     * @param field
     * @param start
     * @param end
     * @param num
     */
    public void searchByNums(String field,int start,int end,int num){
        try {
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            Query query =   NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange(field, start, end, true, true);
            TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);
            System.out.println("一共查到："+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc:tds.scoreDocs){
                Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
                System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                        doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                        doc.get("attach"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

二、模糊匹配

/**
     * 通配符
     * @param field
     * @param value
     * @param num
     */
    public void searchByWildcard(String field,String value,int num){
        try {
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            WildcardQuery query = new WildcardQuery(new Term(field,value));
            TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);
            System.out.println("一共查到："+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc:tds.scoreDocs){
                Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
                System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                        doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                        doc.get("attach"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * BooleanQuery可以连接多个子查询
     * Occur.MUST表示必须出现
     * Occur.SHOULD表示可以出现
     * Occur.MUSE_NOT表示不能出现
     * @param field
     * @param value
     * @param num
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public void searchByBoolean(String[] field,String[] value,int num){
        try {
            if(field.length!=value.length){
                System.out.println("field的长度需要与value的长度相等！");
                System.exit(0);
            }
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            BooleanQuery query = null;
            TopDocs tds = null;
            for(int i = 0;i<field.length;i++){
                query = new BooleanQuery();
                query.add(new TermQuery(new Term(field[i],value[i])),Occur.SHOULD);
                tds = searcher.search(query, num);
            }
            System.out.println("一共查询:"+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc doc:tds.scoreDocs){
                Document document = searcher.doc(doc.doc);
                System.out.println(document.get("id")+"---->"+
                        document.get("name")+"["+document.get("email")+"]-->"+document.get("id")+","+
                        document.get("attach"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public void searchByPhrase(int num){
        try {
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            PhraseQuery query = new PhraseQuery();
            query.setSlop(3);
            query.add(new Term("content","like"));
//            //第一个Term
            query.add(new Term("content","football"));
            TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);
            System.out.println("一共查询了:"+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc sd:tds.scoreDocs) {
                Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);
                System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                        doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                        doc.get("attach"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 相似度匹配查询
     * @param num
     */
    public void searchByFuzzy(int num) {
        try {
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            FuzzyQuery query = new FuzzyQuery(new Term("name","jake"));
            TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);
            System.out.println("一共查询了:"+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc sd:tds.scoreDocs) {
                Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);
                System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                        doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                        doc.get("attach")+","+doc.get("date"));
            }
        } catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public void searchByQueryParse(Query query,int num) {
        try {
            IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();
            TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, num);
            System.out.println("一共查询了:"+tds.totalHits);
            for(ScoreDoc sd:tds.scoreDocs) {
                Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);
                System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+
                        doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+
                        doc.get("attach")+","+doc.get("date")+"=="+sd.score);
            }
        } catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }