13 vue学习 package.json

一：package.json文件详解

　　管理你本地安装的npm包 。定义了这个项目所需要的各种模块，以及项目的配置信息（比如名称、版本、许可证等元数据）。npm install命令根据这个配置文件，自动下载所需的模块，也就是配置项目所需的运行和开发环境。

{
  "name": "vue2-manage",
  "version": "1.0.1",
  "description": "vue2-manage",
  "author": "cangdu <1264889788@qq.com>",
  "license": "GPL",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "cross-env NODE_ENV=online node build/dev-server.js",
    "local": "cross-env NODE_ENV=local node build/dev-server.js",
    "build": "node build/build.js",
    "unit": "cross-env BABEL_ENV=test karma start test/unit/karma.conf.js --single-run",
    "e2e": "node test/e2e/runner.js",
    "test": "npm run unit && npm run e2e",
    "lint": "eslint --ext .js,.vue src test/unit/specs test/e2e/specs"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "echarts": "^3.5.4",
    "element-ui": "^1.2.9",
    "time-formater": "^1.0.1",
    "vue": "^2.2.6",
    "vue-quill-editor": "^2.2.1",
    "vue-router": "^2.3.1",
    "vue-simplemde": "^0.3.8",
    "vuex": "^2.3.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "autoprefixer": "^6.7.2",
    "babel-core": "^6.22.1",
    "babel-eslint": "^7.1.1",
    "babel-loader": "^6.2.10",
    "babel-plugin-component": "^0.9.1",
    "babel-plugin-istanbul": "^4.1.1",
    "babel-plugin-transform-runtime": "^6.22.0",
    "babel-polyfill": "^6.23.0",
    "babel-preset-env": "^1.3.2",
    "babel-preset-stage-2": "^6.22.0",
    "babel-register": "^6.22.0",
    "babel-runtime": "^6.23.0",
    "chai": "^3.5.0",
    "chalk": "^1.1.3",
    "chromedriver": "^2.27.2",
    "connect-history-api-fallback": "^1.3.0",
    "copy-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.1",
    "cross-env": "^4.0.0",
    "cross-spawn": "^5.0.1",
    "css-loader": "^0.28.0",
    "eslint": "^3.19.0",
    "eslint-config-standard": "^6.2.1",
    "eslint-friendly-formatter": "^2.0.7",
    "eslint-loader": "^1.7.1",
    "eslint-plugin-html": "^2.0.0",
    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^3.4.0",
    "eslint-plugin-standard": "^2.0.1",
    "eventsource-polyfill": "^0.9.6",
    "express": "^4.14.1",
    "extract-text-webpack-plugin": "^2.0.0",
    "file-loader": "^0.11.1",
    "friendly-errors-webpack-plugin": "^1.1.3",
    "html-webpack-plugin": "^2.28.0",
    "http-proxy-middleware": "^0.17.3",
    "inject-loader": "^3.0.0",
    "karma": "^1.4.1",
    "karma-coverage": "^1.1.1",
    "karma-mocha": "^1.3.0",
    "karma-phantomjs-launcher": "^1.0.2",
    "karma-phantomjs-shim": "^1.4.0",
    "karma-sinon-chai": "^1.3.1",
    "karma-sourcemap-loader": "^0.3.7",
    "karma-spec-reporter": "0.0.30",
    "karma-webpack": "^2.0.2",
    "less": "^2.7.2",
    "less-loader": "^4.0.3",
    "lolex": "^1.5.2",
    "mocha": "^3.2.0",
    "nightwatch": "^0.9.12",
    "opn": "^4.0.2",
    "optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin": "^1.3.0",
    "ora": "^1.2.0",
    "phantomjs-prebuilt": "^2.1.14",
    "rimraf": "^2.6.0",
    "selenium-server": "^3.0.1",
    "semver": "^5.3.0",
    "shelljs": "^0.7.6",
    "sinon": "^2.1.0",
    "sinon-chai": "^2.8.0",
    "url-loader": "^0.5.8",
    "vue-loader": "^11.3.4",
    "vue-style-loader": "^2.0.5",
    "vue-template-compiler": "^2.2.6",
    "webpack": "^2.3.3",
    "webpack-bundle-analyzer": "^2.2.1",
    "webpack-dev-middleware": "^1.10.0",
    "webpack-hot-middleware": "^2.18.0",
    "webpack-merge": "^4.1.0"
  },
  "engines": {
    "node": ">= 4.0.0",
    "npm": ">= 3.0.0"
  },
  "browserslist": [
    "> 1%",
    "last 2 versions",
    "not ie <= 8"
  ]
}

scripts字段:

　　指定了运行脚本命令的npm命令行缩写;

　　比如： dev :    "dev": "cross-env NODE_ENV=online node build/dev-server.js"

dependencies字段:

　　指定了项目运行所依赖的模块.

devDependencies字段：

　　指定项目开发所需要的模块。

engines字段：

　　指明了该模块运行的平台，比如 Node 的某个版本或者浏览器。

2 package.json文件生成

　　package.json文件可以手工编写，也可以使用npm init命令自动生成；

　　这个命令采用互动方式，要求用户回答一些问题，然后在当前目录生成一个基本的package.json文件。所有问题之中，只有项目名称（name）和项目版本（version）是必填的，其他都是选填的。

　　有了package.json文件，直接使用npm install命令，就会在当前目录中安装所需要的模块。

3 package.json是给nodejs用的, 还是npm

　　npm在package.json文件中管理项目的依赖项以及项目的元数据。
node执行js中require的时候，也会根据package.json中的依赖项查找。