Zabbix-2.4-安装-4

Zabbix api

---

对于以上两种方式，有些人都不选，倾向于使用第三种：使用zabbix api加上这个监控
在把这台机器删除了，然后discovery和自动注册的都关闭了
再换一种方式把它加进去，zabbix api两个作用
1、管理zabbix
2、查询一些数，把一些zabbix报警的图形一块发邮件
它支持很多方法

api的配置，在httpd.conf目录下。如下编辑zabbix.conf

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf

接口文件在如下目录下

[root@linux-node1 zabbix]# cd /usr/share/zabbix/
[root@linux-node1 zabbix]# ls api_jsonrpc.php
api_jsonrpc.php
[root@linux-node1 zabbix]# ls api_jsonrpc.php -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2342 Apr 20  2016 api_jsonrpc.php
[root@linux-node1 zabbix]#

可以看到，首先它是个api，传输模式是rpc的，传输格式是json的
既然是api，那肯定有验证，给api发用户名密码，得返回token吧
后面拿这个token就可以继续请求了，和openstack类似
打开文档看
https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.4/manual/api/reference
第一步，因为涉及登录，找用户相关的

Authenticate a user.
Request:

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
        "user": "Admin",
        "password": "zabbix"
    },
    "id": 1
}

Response:

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": "0424bd59b807674191e7d77572075f33",
    "id": 1
}

　　

返回的这个就是要的sessionid，后面的请求带着session就可了

通过curl访问

-s 静默
-X POST
-H 接类型
-d 接内容，用单引号引起来

粘贴到命令行上，回车后返回一串值

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
        "user": "Admin",
        "password": "zabbix"
    },
    "id": 1
}'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"5733cec620a75d1f7e2ebcf725c7ccec","id":1}[root@linux-node2 ~]#
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

看着不舒服，给它处理下，调用python的工具处理下，命令如下

curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
        "user": "Admin",
        "password": "zabbix"
    },
    "id": 1
}'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool

　　

执行如下

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
>
> {
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "method": "user.login",
>     "params": {
>         "user": "Admin",
>         "password": "zabbix"
>     },
>     "id": 1
> }'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool
{
    "id": 1,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": "d05f9fa13c8b182d61e462b8aaded670"
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

　　

上面为什么要设置id，因为可能又多个请求，给不同的会话设置不同的id
你才知道这个是你的
把这个字符串记录下来

d05f9fa13c8b182d61e462b8aaded670

你请求的时候还可以加个下面userdata为true，这样还能返回用户信息

命令如下

curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
        "user": "Admin",
        "password": "zabbix",
        "userData": true
    },
    "id": 1
}'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool

执行如下

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
> {
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "method": "user.login",
>     "params": {
>         "user": "Admin",
>         "password": "zabbix",
>         "userData": true
>     },
>     "id": 1
> }'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool
{
    "id": 1,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": {
        "alias": "Admin",
        "attempt_clock": "0",
        "attempt_failed": "0",
        "attempt_ip": "",
        "autologin": "1",
        "autologout": "0",
        "debug_mode": false,
        "gui_access": "0",
        "lang": "en_GB",
        "name": "Zabbix",
        "refresh": "30",
        "rows_per_page": "50",
        "sessionid": "dbfdc9c932d15760f0ed05bb5955511b",
        "surname": "Administrator",
        "theme": "default",
        "type": "3",
        "url": "",
        "userid": "1",
        "userip": "10.0.1.162"
    }
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

　　

接下来获取监控的主机有哪些

https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.4/manual/api/reference/user/get

找一个简单的，只获取hostid，注意auth是sessionid

curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "host.get",
    "params": {
        "output": ["hostid"]
    },
    "auth": "dbfdc9c932d15760f0ed05bb5955511b",
    "id": 2
} '   http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool

执行结果如下，hostid是10084

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
> {
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "method": "host.get",
>     "params": {
>         "output": ["hostid"]
>     },
>     "auth": "dbfdc9c932d15760f0ed05bb5955511b",
>     "id": 2
> } '   http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool
{
    "id": 2,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": [
        {
            "hostid": "10084"
        }
    ]
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

　

hostid就是下面这里的

把hostid改成host看看是否返回主机名

curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "host.get",
    "params": {
        "output": ["host"]
    },
    "auth": "dbfdc9c932d15760f0ed05bb5955511b",
    "id": 2
} '   http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool

执行结果如下

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
> {
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "method": "host.get",
>     "params": {
>         "output": ["host"]
>     },
>     "auth": "dbfdc9c932d15760f0ed05bb5955511b",
>     "id": 2
> } '   http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool
{
    "id": 2,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": [
        {
            "host": "Zabbix server",
            "hostid": "10084"
        }
    ]
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

　　

　

也可以判断它是否存在

接下来使用api方式添加被监控主机

https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.4/manual/api/reference/host/create

创建的时候可以指定模板，以及主机组

在官网里看到实例如下，添加主机的时候可以指定模板，主机组，资产

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "host.create",
    "params": {
        "host": "Linux server",
        "interfaces": [
            {
                "type": 1,
                "main": 1,
                "useip": 1,
                "ip": "192.168.3.1",
                "dns": "",
                "port": "10050"
            }
        ],
        "groups": [
            {
                "groupid": "50"
            }
        ],
        "templates": [
            {
                "templateid": "20045"
            }
        ],
        "inventory_mode": 0,
        "inventory": {
            "macaddress_a": "01234",
            "macaddress_b": "56768"
        }
    },
    "auth": "038e1d7b1735c6a5436ee9eae095879e",
    "id": 1
}

查看linux servers这个主机组，它的组id是2

再找一个模板id，看到模板id是10001

先获取授权的sessionid

curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
        "user": "Admin",
        "password": "zabbix"
    },
    "id": 1
}'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool

根据返回的sessionid来创建主机

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
        "user": "Admin",
        "password": "zabbix"
    },
    "id": 1
}'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool
{
    "id": 1,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": "4c0999123f2da1b09b6a079c02a363ad"
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

　　

　

执行命令如下

curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "host.create",
    "params": {
        "host": "Linux server",
        "interfaces": [
            {
                "type": 1,
                "main": 1,
                "useip": 1,
                "ip": "10.0.1.162",
                "dns": "",
                "port": "10050"
            }
        ],
        "groups": [
            {
                "groupid": "2"
            }
        ],
        "templates": [
            {
                "templateid": "10001"
            }
        ]
    },
    "id": 1,
    "auth": "4c0999123f2da1b09b6a079c02a363ad"
}'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool

　　

执行结果如下

[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl  -s  -X  POST   -H  'Content-Type:application/json'  -d '
> {
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "method": "host.create",
>     "params": {
>         "host": "Linux server",
>         "interfaces": [
>             {
>                 "type": 1,
>                 "main": 1,
>                 "useip": 1,
>                 "ip": "10.0.1.162",
>                 "dns": "",
>                 "port": "10050"
>             }
>         ],
>         "groups": [
>             {
>                 "groupid": "2"
>             }
>         ],
>         "templates": [
>             {
>                 "templateid": "10001"
>             }
>         ]
>     },
>     "id": 1,
>     "auth": "4c0999123f2da1b09b6a079c02a363ad"
> }'  http://10.0.1.161/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php |python -mjson.tool
{
    "id": 1,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": {
        "hostids": [
            "10116"
        ]
    }
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]#

　　

创建成功

点开看看

模板也自动加上了