Spring整合Hibernate实现Spring Data JPA （介绍和使用）

Spring Data JPA是Spring基于Hibernate开发的一个JPA框架。如果用过Hibernate或者MyBatis的话，就会知道对象关系映射（ORM）框架有多么方便。

但是Spring Data JPA框架功能更进一步，为我们做了一个数据持久层框架几乎能做的任何事情。下面来逐步介绍它的强大功能。

直接上代码：

pom.xml

        <!-- hibernate start -->

        <!-- spring data jpa  -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>

            <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- hibernate  -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>

            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>

            <version>5.4.0.Final</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- hibernate end  -->

项目结构：

the_data_jpa 包里面的各类代码

User

package com.oukele.the_data_jpa.entity;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity

@Table(name = "user")

public class User {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    @Column(name = "Id")

    private int id;

    @Column(name = "userName")

    private String name;

    private String password;

    public int getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public String getPassword() {

        return password;

    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {

        this.password = password;

    }

}

UserDao

package com.oukele.the_data_jpa.dao;

import com.oukele.the_data_jpa.entity.User;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {

    User findByNameAndPassword(String name,String password);

}

UserService

package com.oukele.the_data_jpa.service;

import com.oukele.the_data_jpa.dao.UserDao;

import com.oukele.the_data_jpa.entity.User;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service

public class UserService {

    @Autowired

    private UserDao userDao;

    public User findNameAndPassword(String name,String password){

        return userDao.findByNameAndPassword(name, password);

    }

    public List<User> list(){

        List<User> list = userDao.findAll();

        return list;

    }

}

SpringConfig

package com.oukele.the_data_jpa;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;

import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;

import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;

import java.util.Properties;

@Configuration//声明当前配置类

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.oukele.the_data_jpa")// 扫描当前包 使用 spring 注解

@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")//加载 资源文件

@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.oukele.the_data_jpa.dao")//扫描 使用 jpa 注解的接口

public class SpringConfig {

    //配置数据源

    @Bean

    DataSource dataSource(Environment env) throws PropertyVetoException {

        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();

        dataSource.setDriverClass(env.getProperty("jdbc.driver"));

        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url"));

        dataSource.setUser(env.getProperty("jdbc.user"));

        dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.password"));

        return  dataSource;

    }

//    @Bean

//    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate() {

//        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();

//        jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource1);

//        return jdbcTemplate;

//    }

    @Bean

    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource) {

        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);

    }

    //SqlSessionFactory

    @Bean

    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource){

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean bean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();

        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);

        //加载 实体类

        bean.setPackagesToScan("com.oukele.the_data_jpa.entity");

        //设置 适配器

        bean.setJpaVendorAdapter(new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter());

        Properties properties = new Properties();

        //更新表结构

        properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");

        //设置方言

        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect");

        bean.setJpaProperties(properties);

        return bean;

    }

}

Main ( 测试类)

package com.oukele.the_data_jpa;

import com.oukele.the_data_jpa.entity.User;

import com.oukele.the_data_jpa.service.UserService;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);

UserService service = context.getBean(UserService.class);

User user = service.findNameAndPassword("oukele","oukele");

System.out.println(user.getName());

List<User> list = service.list();

for (User user1 : list) {

System.out.println(user1.getName()+" - "+user1.getPassword());

}

测试结果：

1 oukele

2 oukele - oukele

jdbc.properties文件：

jdbc.driver=org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver

jdbc.url=jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/test

jdbc.user=oukele

jdbc.password=oukele