Linux下磁盘分区、挂载、卸载操作记录.

操作环境：CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Last login: Wed Oct 26 17:25:27 2016 from 118.230.194.76

[root@CentOS ~]#

[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058962

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1               1          63      506016   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              64       65271   523774976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-65270, default 1): 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-65270, default 65270):

Using default value 65270

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1       65270   524281243+  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 2

No free sectors available

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058962

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1               1          63      506016   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              64       65271   523774976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1       65270   524281243+  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@CentOS ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

/dev/sdb1 alignment is offset by 33280 bytes.

This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested.

文件系统标签=

操作系统:Linux

块大小=4096 (log=2)

分块大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=16 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

32768000 inodes, 131070310 blocks

6553515 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

第一个数据块=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

4000 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,

    102400000

正在写入inode表: 完成

Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:

完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@CentOS ~]#

[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058962

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1               1          63      506016   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              64       65271   523774976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1       65270   524281243+  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@CentOS ~]# pwd

/root

[root@CentOS ~]# cd /opt

[root@CentOS opt]# mkdir sdb1

[root@CentOS opt]# mount /dev/sdb1 /opt/sdb1

[root@CentOS opt]# mount

/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)

/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

/dev/sdb1 on /opt/sdb1 type ext3 (rw)

[root@CentOS opt]#

[root@CentOS opt]# cd sdb1/

[root@CentOS sdb1]# ls

lost+found

[root@CentOS sdb1]# ll

总用量 16

drwx------. 2 root root 16384 10月 26 17:55 lost+found

[root@CentOS sdb1]#

[root@CentOS sdb1]#

[root@CentOS sdb1]# cd ..

[root@CentOS opt]#

[root@CentOS opt]# umount /opt/sdb1/

[root@CentOS opt]#

[root@CentOS opt]# mount

/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)

/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

[root@CentOS opt]#

[root@CentOS opt]#

[root@CentOS opt]#

[root@CentOS opt]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058962

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1               1          63      506016   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              64       65271   523774976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1       65270   524281243+  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@CentOS opt]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1       65270   524281243+  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Command (m for help): d

Selected partition 1

Command (m for help): 1

1: unknown command

Command action

   a   toggle a bootable flag

   b   edit bsd disklabel

   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

   d   delete a partition

   l   list known partition types

   m   print this menu

   n   add a new partition

   o   create a new empty DOS partition table

   p   print the partition table

   q   quit without saving changes

   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel

   t   change a partition's system id

   u   change display/entry units

   v   verify the partition table

   w   write table to disk and exit

   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@CentOS opt]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00058962

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1               1          63      506016   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              64       65271   523774976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@CentOS opt]#

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