Java多线程系列七——ExecutorService
java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService接口提供了许多线程管理的方法
| Method | 说明 |
| shutdown | 拒绝接收新的任务,待已提交的任务执行后关闭,且宿主线程不阻塞,若需要阻塞可借助awaitTermination实现 |
| shutdownNow | 停止所有正在执行的任务,挂起未执行的任务并关闭,且宿主线程不阻塞,若需要阻塞可借助awaitTermination实现 |
| awaitTermination | 当发生shutdown时,阻塞宿主线程直到约定的时间已过或者所有任务完成 |
| submit | 提交任务Callable/Runnable,可利用Future的get()方法使宿主线程阻塞直到任务结束后返回结果 |
有了以上方法,便可以基于此接口实现线程池的各种功能(例如java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor/java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor),以java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor为例,其参数的详解
| Name | Type | 说明 |
| corePoolSize | int | 线程池中最小的线程数 |
| maximumPoolSize | int | 线程池中最大的线程数 |
| keepAliveTime | long | 线程空闲时间,若线程数大于corePoolSize,空闲时间超过该值的线程将被终止回收 |
| unit | TimeUnit | keepAliveTime的时间单位 |
| workQueue | BlockingQueue<Runnable> | 已提交但未执行的任务队列 |
| threadFactory | ThreadFactory | 创建新线程的工厂 |
| handler | RejectedExecutionHandler | 当线程池或队列达到上限拒绝新任务抛出异常时的处理类 |
同时,java.util.concurrent.Executors类提供的常用方法有
| Method | 说明 | 基类 |
| newFixedThreadPool | 线程池中含固定数量的线程 | 基于java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor类 |
| newSingleThreadExecutor | 线程池中仅含一个工作线程 | |
| newCachedThreadPool | 按需创建线程,若线程池中无可用线程,则创建新的线程并加入,直到线程数达到上限值(Integer.MAX_VALUE) | |
| newWorkStealingPool | 按照可用CPU数创建线程池 | 基于java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool类 |
java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool类是Fork/Join框架的实现类,Fork/Join框架是Java7提供了的一个用于并行执行任务的框架, 是一个把大任务分割成若干个小任务,最终汇总每个小任务结果后得到大任务结果的框架,该类在有递归实现的场景有更优异的表现。
测试代码如下
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test; /**
* @Description: 测试ExecutorService
*/
public class ThreadExecutorServiceTest {
private static final String THIS_IS_SHUTDOWN_WITH_AWAIT_TERMINATION = "This is shutdownWithAwaitTermination";
private static final int RESULT = 111; private static boolean submitRunnable() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<?> future = executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("This is submitRunnable");
}
});
return future.get() == null;
} private static Integer submitRunnableWithResult() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<Integer> future = executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("This is submitRunnableWithResult");
}
}, RESULT);
return future.get();
} private static Integer submitBlockCallable() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Future<Integer> future = executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("This is submitBlockCallable");
return RESULT;
}
});
return future.get();// 阻塞
} private static boolean submitNonBlockCallable() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Future<Integer> future = executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("This is submitNonBlockCallable");
return RESULT;
}
});
while (!future.isDone()) {// 非阻塞
System.out.println(new Date());
}
return future.isDone();
} private static String shutdown() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(10000);
sb.append("This is shutdown");
return RESULT;
}
});
executorService.shutdown();
return sb.toString();
} private static String shutdownWithAwaitTermination() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(10000);
sb.append(THIS_IS_SHUTDOWN_WITH_AWAIT_TERMINATION);
return RESULT;
}
});
executorService.shutdown();
executorService.awaitTermination(Integer.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.DAYS);
return sb.toString();
} @Test
public void test() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Assert.assertTrue(submitRunnable());
Assert.assertEquals(RESULT, submitRunnableWithResult().intValue());
Assert.assertEquals(RESULT, submitBlockCallable().intValue());
Assert.assertTrue(submitNonBlockCallable());
Assert.assertTrue(shutdown().isEmpty());
Assert.assertEquals(THIS_IS_SHUTDOWN_WITH_AWAIT_TERMINATION, shutdownWithAwaitTermination());
} }
---恢复内容结束---
java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService接口提供了许多线程管理的方法
| Method | 说明 |
| shutdown | 拒绝接收新的任务,待已提交的任务执行后关闭,且宿主线程不阻塞,若需要阻塞可借助awaitTermination实现 |
| shutdownNow | 停止所有正在执行的任务,挂起未执行的任务并关闭,且宿主线程不阻塞,若需要阻塞可借助awaitTermination实现 |
| awaitTermination | 当发生shutdown时,阻塞宿主线程直到约定的时间已过或者所有任务完成 |
| submit | 提交任务Callable/Runnable,可利用Future的get()方法使宿主线程阻塞直到任务结束后返回结果 |
有了以上方法,便可以基于此接口实现线程池的各种功能(例如java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor/java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor),以java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor为例,其参数的详解
| Name | Type | 说明 |
| corePoolSize | int | 线程池中最小的线程数 |
| maximumPoolSize | int | 线程池中最大的线程数 |
| keepAliveTime | long | 线程空闲时间,若线程数大于corePoolSize,空闲时间超过该值的线程将被终止回收 |
| unit | TimeUnit | keepAliveTime的时间单位 |
| workQueue | BlockingQueue<Runnable> | 已提交但未执行的任务队列 |
| threadFactory | ThreadFactory | 创建新线程的工厂 |
| handler | RejectedExecutionHandler | 当线程池或队列达到上限拒绝新任务抛出异常时的处理类 |
同时,java.util.concurrent.Executors类提供了基于java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor类的工具方法,常用方法有
| Method | 说明 |
| newFixedThreadPool | 线程池中含固定数量的线程 |
| newSingleThreadExecutor | 线程池中仅含一个工作线程 |
| newCachedThreadPool | 按需创建线程,若线程池中无可用线程,则创建新的线程并加入,直到线程数达到上限值(Integer.MAX_VALUE) |
测试代码如下
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.lxp.multiple.thread.task.SumTask; /**
* @Description: 测试ExecutorService
* @author Super.Li
* @date Jul 6, 2017
*/
public class ThreadExecutorServiceTest {
private static final String THIS_IS_SHUTDOWN_WITH_AWAIT_TERMINATION = "This is shutdownWithAwaitTermination";
private static final int RESULT = 111; private static boolean submitRunnable() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<?> future = executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("This is submitRunnable");
}
});
return future.get() == null;
} private static Integer submitRunnableWithResult() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<Integer> future = executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("This is submitRunnableWithResult");
}
}, RESULT);
return future.get();
} private static Integer submitBlockCallable() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Future<Integer> future = executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("This is submitBlockCallable");
return RESULT;
}
});
return future.get();// 阻塞
} private static boolean submitNonBlockCallable() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Future<Integer> future = executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("This is submitNonBlockCallable");
return RESULT;
}
});
while (!future.isDone()) {// 非阻塞
System.out.println(new Date());
}
return future.isDone();
} private static String shutdown() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(10000);
sb.append("This is shutdown");
return RESULT;
}
});
executorService.shutdown();
return sb.toString();
} private static String shutdownWithAwaitTermination() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
executorService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(10000);
sb.append(THIS_IS_SHUTDOWN_WITH_AWAIT_TERMINATION);
return RESULT;
}
});
executorService.shutdown();
executorService.awaitTermination(Integer.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.DAYS);
return sb.toString();
} private static int testForkJoinPool(List<Integer> list) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ForkJoinPool forkJoinPool = new ForkJoinPool(8);
Future<Integer> future = forkJoinPool.submit(new SumTask(list));
return future.get();
} @Test
public void test() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Assert.assertTrue(submitRunnable());
Assert.assertEquals(RESULT, submitRunnableWithResult().intValue());
Assert.assertEquals(RESULT, submitBlockCallable().intValue());
Assert.assertTrue(submitNonBlockCallable());
Assert.assertTrue(shutdown().isEmpty());
Assert.assertEquals(THIS_IS_SHUTDOWN_WITH_AWAIT_TERMINATION, shutdownWithAwaitTermination());
Assert.assertEquals(10, testForkJoinPool(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 })));
Assert.assertEquals(49, testForkJoinPool(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 })));
Assert.assertEquals(60, testForkJoinPool(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 })));
} }
SumTask类如下:
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask; public class SumTask extends RecursiveTask<Integer> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private List<Integer> list; public SumTask(List<Integer> list) {
this.list = list;
} /**
* Ensure it is necessary to divide the job to parts and finish them separately
*
* @return
*/
@Override
protected Integer compute() {
int rtn, size = list.size();
if (size < 10) {
rtn = sum(list);
} else {
SumTask subTask1 = new SumTask(list.subList(0, size / 2));
SumTask subTask2 = new SumTask(list.subList(size / 2 + 1, size));
subTask1.fork();
subTask2.fork();
rtn = subTask1.join() + subTask2.join();
}
return rtn;
} private int sum(List<Integer> list) {
return list.stream().mapToInt(number -> number.intValue()).sum();
}
}
Java多线程系列七——ExecutorService的更多相关文章
- java多线程系列(七)---Callable、Future和FutureTask
Callable.Future和FutureTask 前言:如有不正确的地方,还望指正. 目录 认识cpu.核心与线程 java多线程系列(一)之java多线程技能 java多线程系列(二)之对象变量 ...
- 【Java多线程系列七】ExecutorService
java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService接口提供了许多线程管理的方法 Method 说明 shutdown 拒绝接收新的任务,待已提交的任务执行后关闭,且宿主线程不阻塞 ...
- (Java多线程系列七)Java内存模型和线程的三大特性
Java内存模型和线程的三大特性 多线程有三大特性:原子性.可见性.有序性 1.Java内存模型 Java内存模型(Java Memory Model ,JMM),决定一个线程对共享变量的写入时,能对 ...
- java多线程系列(八)---CountDownLatch和CyclicBarrie
CountDownLatch 前言:如有不正确的地方,还望指正. 目录 认识cpu.核心与线程 java多线程系列(一)之java多线程技能 java多线程系列(二)之对象变量的并发访问 java多线 ...
- java多线程系列(九)---ArrayBlockingQueue源码分析
java多线程系列(九)---ArrayBlockingQueue源码分析 目录 认识cpu.核心与线程 java多线程系列(一)之java多线程技能 java多线程系列(二)之对象变量的并发访问 j ...
- Java多线程系列--“JUC线程池”06之 Callable和Future
概要 本章介绍线程池中的Callable和Future.Callable 和 Future 简介示例和源码分析(基于JDK1.7.0_40) 转载请注明出处:http://www.cnblogs.co ...
- Java多线程系列--“JUC锁”11之 Semaphore信号量的原理和示例
概要 本章,我们对JUC包中的信号量Semaphore进行学习.内容包括:Semaphore简介Semaphore数据结构Semaphore源码分析(基于JDK1.7.0_40)Semaphore示例 ...
- Java多线程系列--“JUC线程池”01之 线程池架构
概要 前面分别介绍了"Java多线程基础"."JUC原子类"和"JUC锁".本章介绍JUC的最后一部分的内容——线程池.内容包括:线程池架构 ...
- Java多线程系列--“JUC线程池”03之 线程池原理(二)
概要 在前面一章"Java多线程系列--“JUC线程池”02之 线程池原理(一)"中介绍了线程池的数据结构,本章会通过分析线程池的源码,对线程池进行说明.内容包括:线程池示例参考代 ...
随机推荐
- K/3Cloud 分页报表示例参考
分页报表首先需要实现的方法就是GetList,这个方法用来获得分页的条件. 其他的就和其他报表类似了. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; ...
- POJ 3620 Avoid The Lakes
http://poj.org/problem?id=3620 DFS 从任意一个lake出发 重置联通的lake 并且记录 更新ans #include <iostream> #inclu ...
- 谈谈APP架构选型:React Native还是HBuilder
原文链接 导读:最近公司的一款新产品APP要进行研发,老大的意思想用H5来做混合APP以达到高效敏捷开发的目的.我自然就开始进行各种技术选型的调研,这里重点想说的是我最后挑选出的2款hybrid ap ...
- noip 2015 day1
T1 神奇的幻方 题目描述 幻方是一种很神奇的N*N矩阵:它由数字1,2,3,……,N*N构成,且每行.每列及两条对角线上的数字之和都相同. 当N为奇数时,我们可以通过以下方法构建一个幻方: 首先将1 ...
- codevs——2822 爱在心中
2822 爱在心中 时间限制: 1 s 空间限制: 128000 KB 题目等级 : 钻石 Diamond 题解 题目描述 Description “每个人都拥有一个梦,即使彼此不相 ...
- IDEA下使用protobuf2(java)
目录 一.介绍 二.特点 三.结构 四.选择版本 五.Intellij IDEA中使用Protobuf 1.下载个protoc.exe 2.编辑个.proto文件 3.将.proto文件转成Java类 ...
- Spring @Value用法
Spring 通过注解获取*.porperties文件的内容,除了xml配置外,还可以通过@value方式来获取. 使用方式必须在当前类使用@Component,xml文件内配置的是通过pakage扫 ...
- 一处折腾笔记:Android内嵌html5加入原生微信分享的解决的方法
有一段时间没有瞎折腾了. 这周一刚上班萌主过来反映说:微信里面打开聚客宝.分享功能是能够的(这里是用微信自身的js-sdk实现的).可是在android应用里面打开点击就没反应了:接下来狡猾的丁丁在产 ...
- 怎样更好的设计你的REST API之基于REST架构的Web Service设计及REST框架实现
一.REST 含状态传输(英文:Representational State Transfer,简称REST)是Roy Fielding博士在2000年他的博士论文中提出来的一种软件架构风格. 眼下在 ...
- 使用literal语法格式化字符串
支持arm64之后,格式化字符串的时候会遇到一些问题,主要与NSInteger的定义有关: #if __LP64__ || (TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED && !TARGET ...