CentOS 7.2更改网卡名称
背景
没啥背景，就是VMWare装的CentOS虚拟机的自带网卡名有点乱，想重新定义一下。
环境
1、VMWare虚拟机
6张网卡
2、系统
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2. (Core)
并且是最小化安装。
网卡信息
网卡配置文件
配置内容
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16777736
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno16777736
UUID=1160a71e-e5b5--b742-c1bf0cba6f00
DEVICE=eno16777736
ONBOOT=no
这里启动下网卡，获得IP，好连接shell
[root@localhost network-scripts]# sed -i '/ONBOOT/s/no/yes/' ifcfg-eno*
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip addr
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback ::::: brd :::::
inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::/ scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.128/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736
valid_lft 1799sec preferred_lft 1799sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b15c/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno33554960: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.129/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno33554960
valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b166/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno50332184: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.130/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno50332184
valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b170/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno67109408: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.131/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno67109408
valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b17a/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno83886632: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.132/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno83886632
valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b184/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno100663856: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.133/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno100663856
valid_lft 1801sec preferred_lft 1801sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b18e/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
默认使用DHCP，都是自动获取的IP
配置
CentOS7使用了“一致性网络命名方法”，这里举例，将网卡名截断为前5个字符，如eno16777736改为eno16。
1、更改网卡配置文件名
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ll
total
-rw-r--r--. root root Jan : ifcfg-eno10
-rw-r--r--. root root Jan : ifcfg-eno16
-rw-r--r--. root root Jan : ifcfg-eno33
-rw-r--r--. root root Jan : ifcfg-eno50
-rw-r--r--. root root Jan : ifcfg-eno67
-rw-r--r--. root root Jan : ifcfg-eno83
-rw-r--r--. root root Sep ifcfg-lo
lrwxrwxrwx. root root Jan : ifdown -> ../../../usr/sbin/ifdown
-rwxr-xr-x. root root Sep ifdown-bnep
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
并更改配置文件内容，举例
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno16
UUID=803d2d05-493b-489b--1d3fc67878aa
DEVICE=eno16
ONBOOT=yes
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
2、关闭“一致性网络设备命名法”
更改前
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/grub
GRUB_TIMEOUT=
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
[root@localhost ~]#
添加net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
更改后
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/grub
GRUB_TIMEOUT=
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 rhgb quiet"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
[root@localhost ~]#
更新GRUB、内核配置
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.-.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.-.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz--rescue-f034e6e19df748b7a27fad77b06e3179
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs--rescue-f034e6e19df748b7a27fad77b06e3179.img
done
[root@localhost ~]#
3、添加设备规则配置文件
修改/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules，没有该文件则新建文件
内容如下
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/-persistent-net.rules
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:5c", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno16"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:8e", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno10"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:66", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno33"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:70", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno50"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:7a", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno67"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:84", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno83"
[root@localhost ~]#
注意MAC地址与NAME相匹配（可以用ip addr查看）
4、重启
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
使用
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback ::::: brd :::::
inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::/ scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.128/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno16
valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b15c/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.129/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno33
valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b166/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno50: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.130/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno50
valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b170/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno67: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.131/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno67
valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b17a/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno83: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.132/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno83
valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b184/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.133/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno10
valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b18e/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
看见网卡名称都已经更改了
再来设置个静态ip，以eno83为例
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno83
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno83
UUID=919f599a-c262--be7e-0646b1e98dee
DEVICE=eno83
IPADDR=192.168.140.140
PREFIX=24
ONBOOT=yes
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
重启网络
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip addr
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback ::::: brd :::::
inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::/ scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.128/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno16
valid_lft 1802sec preferred_lft 1802sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b15c/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.129/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno33
valid_lft 1802sec preferred_lft 1802sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b166/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno50: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.130/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno50
valid_lft 1803sec preferred_lft 1803sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b170/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno67: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.131/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno67
valid_lft 1803sec preferred_lft 1803sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b17a/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno83: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.140/24 brd 192.168.140.255 scope global eno83
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b184/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eno10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :0c::a3:b1:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.140.133/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno10
valid_lft 1802sec preferred_lft 1802sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b18e/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
改好了~
ps：
1、如果没有“配置-3添加设备规则配置文件“这步，其他不变，系统重启后将使用eth0、eth1、eth2、...这样的网卡名，此时系统会尝试启动配置文件（eno16等）描述的网卡，但网卡不存在，这些网卡将启动失败，并且开机后无法重启网络，提示failed to start lsb:bring up/down巴拉巴拉~
2、/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts这里目录里的网卡配置文件不要有多余的，每个ifcfg-xxxx对应且仅对应一个网卡，否则容易造成重启网络失败，提示failed to start lsb:bring up/down巴拉巴拉~
3、按这个顺序更改，可以避免更改网卡名称并重启之后，无法重启network的情况。
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