blfs（systemd版本）学习笔记-安装、配置和使用wpa_supplicant无线网络连接工具

wireless项目地址：http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable-systemd/basicnet/wireless_tools.html

wpa_supplicant项目地址：http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable-systemd/basicnet/wpa_supplicant.html

1.使用wget下载wireless包和补丁并校验md5

wget https://hewlettpackard.github.io/wireless-tools/wireless_tools.29.tar.gz

wget  http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/patches/blfs/8.3/wireless_tools-29-fix_iwlist_scanning-1.patch
md5sum -c md5sums

2.解压wireless包并进入包目录

tar -xvf wireless_tools.29.tar.gz

cd wireless_tools.29

3.参照书中说明编译安装

patch -Np1 -i ../wireless_tools-29-fix_iwlist_scanning-1.patch

make -j8

make PREFIX=/usr INSTALL_MAN=/usr/share/man install

4.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf wireless_tools

5.下载wpa包的依赖libnl包和补丁包并验证md5

wget http://mirror.fileplanet.com/lfs/pub/blfs/8.3/l/libnl-3.4.0.tar.gz

wget http://mirror.fileplanet.com/lfs/pub/blfs/8.3/l/libnl-doc-3.4.0.tar.gz

md5sum -c md5sums

6.解压并进入libnl包目录

tar -xvf libnl-3.4.0.tar.gz

cd libnl-3.4.0

7.参照书中内容编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr     \
            --sysconfdir=/etc \
            --disable-static  &&
make -j8

make -j8 check

make install

mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/libnl-3.4.0 &&
tar -xf ../libnl-doc-3.4.0.tar.gz --strip-components=1 --no-same-owner \
    -C  /usr/share/doc/libnl-3.4.0

8.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf libnl-3.4.0

9.下载pciutils并校验md5

wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/utils/pciutils/pciutils-3.6.2.tar.xz

md5sum  -c md5sums

10.解压并进入pciutils包目录

tar -xvf pciutils-3.6.2.tar.xz

cd pciutils-3.6.2

11.参照书中说明编译安装

make PREFIX=/usr                \
     SHAREDIR=/usr/share/hwdata \
     SHARED=yes

make PREFIX=/usr                \
     SHAREDIR=/usr/share/hwdata \
     SHARED=yes                 \
     install install-lib        &&

chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpci.so

12.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf pciutils-3.6.2

13.配置pci自动更新服务脚本

cat > /lib/systemd/system/update-pciids.service << "EOF" &&
[Unit]
Description=Update pci.ids file
Documentation=man:update-pciids()
DefaultDependencies=no
After=local-fs.target
Before=shutdown.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/update-pciids
EOF
cat > /lib/systemd/system/update-pciids.timer << "EOF" &&
[Unit]
Description=Update pci.ids file weekly

[Timer]
OnCalendar=Sun ::
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target
EOF
systemctl enable update-pciids.timer

14.运行命令查看无线网络设备硬件的名字

lspci

15.解压在编译lfs过程中用过的linux内核包，进入linux内核包按照lfs的linux内核编译方法编译内核添加以下配置

[*] Networking support  --->                              [CONFIG_NET]
  [*] Wireless  --->                                      [CONFIG_WIRELESS]
    <*/M> cfg80211 - wireless configuration API           [CONFIG_CFG80211]
    [*]     cfg80211 wireless extensions compatibility    [CONFIG_CFG80211_WEXT]
    <*/M> Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack (mac80211) [CONFIG_MAC80211]
Device Drivers  --->
  [*] Network device support  --->                        [CONFIG_NETDEVICES]
    [*] Wireless LAN  --->                                [CONFIG_WLAN]

<*/M>一定要在所选择的项目上面打上m
我的机器是intel7625的无线网卡设备，wireless LAN下没有这个型号，查询其它linux发行版给无线网卡加载的是哪个模块，所以选择了iwlwifi的两个模块

Device Drivers  --->

        [*] Network device support  --->

        --- Network device support
        [*]   Wireless LAN  --->

            --- Wireless LAN
            [ ]   ADMtek devices
            [ ]   Atheros/Qualcomm devices
            [ ]   Atmel devices
            [ ]   Broadcom devices
            [ ]   Cisco devices
            [*]   Intel devices
            < >     Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 Network Connection
            < >     Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG and 2915ABG Network Connection
            < >     Intel Wireless WiFi 4965AGN (iwl4965)
            < >     Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG/BG Network Connection (iwl3945)
            <M>     Intel Wireless WiFi Next Gen AGN - Wireless-N/Advanced-N/Ultimate-N (iwlwifi)
            <M>       Intel Wireless WiFi DVM Firmware support
            <M>       Intel Wireless WiFi MVM Firmware support
            [ ]       Enable broadcast filtering (NEW)
            [ ]       Enable runtime power management mode for PCIe devices (NEW)
                      Debugging Options  --->
            [ ]   Intersil devices
            [ ]   Marvell devices
            [ ]   MediaTek devices
            [ ]   Ralink devices
            [ ]   Realtek devices
            [ ]   Redpine Signals Inc devices
            [ ]   STMicroelectronics devices
            [ ]   Texas Instrument devices
            [ ]   ZyDAS devices
            < >   Simulated radio testing tool for mac80211
            < >   Wireless RNDIS USB support

16.去lfs的固件网站下载所对应的iwlwifi-7265D-22到29区间的固件到/lib/firmware/目录下

cd /lib/firmware/

wget http://anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/linux-firmware/iwlwifi-7265D-29.ucode

17.下载wpa包和补丁并校验md5

wget https://w1.fi/releases/wpa_supplicant-2.6.tar.gz

wget http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/patches/blfs/8.3/wpa_supplicant-2.6-upstream_fixes-2.patch

md5sum  -c md5sums

18.解压并进入wpa包目录

tar -xvf wpa_supplicant-2.6.tar.gz

cd wpa_supplicant-2.6

19.参照书中内容编译安装

cat > wpa_supplicant/.config << "EOF"
CONFIG_BACKEND=file
CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_FILE=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_SYSLOG=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_SYSLOG_FACILITY=LOG_DAEMON
CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y
CONFIG_DRIVER_WEXT=y
CONFIG_DRIVER_WIRED=y
CONFIG_EAP_GTC=y
CONFIG_EAP_LEAP=y
CONFIG_EAP_MD5=y
CONFIG_EAP_MSCHAPV2=y
CONFIG_EAP_OTP=y
CONFIG_EAP_PEAP=y
CONFIG_EAP_TLS=y
CONFIG_EAP_TTLS=y
CONFIG_IEEE8021X_EAPOL=y
CONFIG_IPV6=y
CONFIG_LIBNL32=y
CONFIG_PEERKEY=y
CONFIG_PKCS12=y
CONFIG_READLINE=y
CONFIG_SMARTCARD=y
CONFIG_WPS=y
CFLAGS += -I/usr/include/libnl3
EOF

patch -p1 -i ../wpa_supplicant-2.6-upstream_fixes-2.patch &&
cd wpa_supplicant                                         &&
make BINDIR=/sbin LIBDIR=/lib

install -v -m755 wpa_{cli,passphrase,supplicant} /sbin/ &&
install -v -m644 doc/docbook/wpa_supplicant.conf.5 /usr/share/man/man5/ &&
install -v -m644 doc/docbook/wpa_{cli,passphrase,supplicant}.8 /usr/share/man/man8/

20.安装systemd支持

install -v -m644 systemd/*.service /lib/systemd/system/

21.安装dbus支持

install -v -m644 dbus/fi.{epitest.hostap.WPASupplicant,w1.wpa_supplicant1}.service \
                 /usr/share/dbus-/system-services/ &&
install -v -d -m755 /etc/dbus-/system.d &&
install -v -m644 dbus/dbus-wpa_supplicant.conf \
                 /etc/dbus-/system.d/wpa_supplicant.conf

22.配置开机启动wpa服务支持

systemctl enable wpa_supplicant

23.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf wpa_supplicant-2.6

24.设置wpa

install -v -dm755 /etc/wpa_supplicant &&
wpa_passphrase SSID SECRET_PASSWORD > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wifi0.conf

wifi0替换为pci查到的无线网络设备名字

25.配置开机启动wpa网卡服务

systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0

wlan0更换为无线设备名字

26.使用wpa_cli遇到如下报错

Could not connect to wpa_supplicant: (nil) - re-trying

则在/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wifi0.conf文件中加入以下参数

ctrl_interface=DIR=/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=root
update_config=1

27.使用wps_cli工具链接无线网络的方法

 1.进入wpa_cli工具下

wpa_cli

2.添加一个网络连接

add_network

默认id为0

3.扫描并显示结果

scan
scan_result

4.设置网络id：0的接入点与连接秘钥

set_network 0 ssid “<填入网络名字>”
set_network 0 psk "<填入网络密码>"

5.使用配置网络或连接配置网络id 0

enable_network 0 

select_network 0

完整命令	简短命令	描述
status	stat	显示当前连接状态
quit	q	退出
terminate	term	关闭wpa_supplicant
reconfigure	recon	使用提供的配置文件 (-c 参数) 重新加载wpa_supplicant
scan	scan	扫描可用的接入点 (只扫描它, 不显示任何内容)
scan_result	scan_r	显示上次扫描的结果
list_networks	list_n	显示已配置网络及其状态的列表 (活动或不活动、启用或禁用)
select_network	select_n	在已定义的网络中选择一个网络以启动连接
enable_network	enable_n	使配置的网络可供选择
remove_network	remove_n	从列表中删除网络及其配置
add_network	add_n	将新网络添加到列表中。它的 id 将自动创建
set_network	set_n	显示了一个非常短的可用选项列表, 以便在没有参数的情况下配置网络。
get_network	get_n	显示指定网络所需的参数。
save_config	save_c	保存配置

参数	描述
ssid	接入点名称
psk	密码